Dcuea: Difference between revisions
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==Declension== | ==Declension== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" | ||
|rowspan="2"|'''1st declension<br>Ending in | |rowspan="2"|'''1st declension<br>Ending in vowels or double vowels'''||colspan=3|<center>''aattû'', "woman"</center>||colspan="3"|<center>''dceaa'', "foot"</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Singular!!Plural!!Dual!!Singular!!Plural!!Dual | !Singular!!Plural!!Dual!!Singular!!Plural!!Dual | ||
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|[[wikipedia:Locative case|Locative]]||aattuvaa||aattuvaak||aattuvaakc||dceaavaa||dceaavaak||dceaavaakc | |[[wikipedia:Locative case|Locative]]||aattuvaa||aattuvaak||aattuvaakc||dceaavaa||dceaavaak||dceaavaakc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Lative case|Lative]]||aattuttee||aattutteeu||aattutteeukc | |[[wikipedia:Lative case|Lative]]||aattuttee||aattutteeu||aattutteeukc||dceaattee||dceaatteeu||dceaatteeukc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Absolutive case|Ablative]]||aattum||aattumk||aattumkc | |[[wikipedia:Absolutive case|Ablative]]||aattum||aattumk||aattumkc||dceaam||dceaamk||dceaamkc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Prolative case|Prolative]]||aattuz|| | |[[wikipedia:Prolative case|Prolative]]||aattuz||aattuzzeu||aattuzzeukc||dceaaz||dceaazeu||dceaazeukc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Genitive case|Genitive]]||aattunnai||aattunnaik||aattunnaikc | |[[wikipedia:Genitive case|Genitive]]||aattunnai||aattunnaik||aattunnaikc||dceaannai||dceaannaik||dceaannaikc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Benefactive case|Benefactive]]|| | |[[wikipedia:Benefactive case|Benefactive]]||aattus||aattusseu||aattusseukc||dceaas||dceaasseu||dceaasseukc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Comitative case|Comitative]]||aattugc||aattuggceu||aattuggceukc | |[[wikipedia:Comitative case|Comitative]]||aattugc||aattuggceu||aattuggceukc||dceaagc||dceaaggceu||dceaaggeukc | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[wikipedia:Instrumental case|Instrumental]]|| | |[[wikipedia:Instrumental case|Instrumental]]||aattutc||aattuttceu||aattuttcekc||dceaatc||dceaattceu||dceaattceuk | ||
|} | |} | ||
Dcuea is an [[wikipedia:Ergative-absolutive language|Ergative-absolutive language]]. | |||
==Alphabet== | ==Alphabet== | ||
Revision as of 11:30, 8 January 2006
| Vowels | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | e | i | u | aa | ee | ii | uu | ||
| /ah/ | /schwa/ | /ih/ | /uh/ | /aa/ | /eh/ | /ee/ | /oo/ | ||
Declension
| 1st declension Ending in vowels or double vowels |
||||||
| Singular | Plural | Dual | Singular | Plural | Dual | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absolutive | aattu | aattue | aattuekc | dceaa | dceaak | dceaakc |
| Ergative | aattui | aattuiu | aattuiukc | dceaai | dceaaiu | dceaaiukc |
| Locative | aattuvaa | aattuvaak | aattuvaakc | dceaavaa | dceaavaak | dceaavaakc |
| Lative | aattuttee | aattutteeu | aattutteeukc | dceaattee | dceaatteeu | dceaatteeukc |
| Ablative | aattum | aattumk | aattumkc | dceaam | dceaamk | dceaamkc |
| Prolative | aattuz | aattuzzeu | aattuzzeukc | dceaaz | dceaazeu | dceaazeukc |
| Genitive | aattunnai | aattunnaik | aattunnaikc | dceaannai | dceaannaik | dceaannaikc |
| Benefactive | aattus | aattusseu | aattusseukc | dceaas | dceaasseu | dceaasseukc |
| Comitative | aattugc | aattuggceu | aattuggceukc | dceaagc | dceaaggceu | dceaaggeukc |
| Instrumental | aattutc | aattuttceu | aattuttcekc | dceaatc | dceaattceu | dceaattceuk |
Dcuea is an Ergative-absolutive language.
Alphabet
a aa b d dc e ee f g gc i ii k kc m n p s sc t tc u uu v z zc
- The man sees the woman.
- Aattu kii dcekkei
Some transitive and intransitive verbs have different forms:
nevuu to boil (something, transitive)
naffeu to (be) boiled (intransitive)
Kaffiu nev dcekkei. The man boils the coffee.
Kaffiu naffe. The coffee boils. (becomes boiled)
kiu to see something (tr) kigguu to (be) seen (intr)
Ueiz kii zcuei. The dog sees the tree.
Zcui kigg. The dog is seen.
BUT
Zcui kii. The dog sees (engages in the act).
Using a noun in the absolutive by itself with an inherently transitive noun also may create a reflexive sentence:
aeizuu to shave
Zcui aeiz dcekkei. The man shaves the dog.
Dcek aeiz. The man shaves (himself).
Plurals
- after -uu = -uue
- after -u, = -ue kceiu tea, kceiue teas, aattu woman, aattue women
- after -aa, -ee, -ii = -aak, -eek, -iik dceaa foot, dceaak feet
- after -a, -e, -i = -au, -eu, -iu
- after -m, -n = -mk, -nk iaim lip iaimk lips
- after all other consonants(usually doubled cononant) = -eu (-ggeu, -zzeu, etc)
