Liroitian: Difference between revisions
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Liroitian {{IPA|/ | Liroitian {{IPA|/lɪ.ˈɹɔɪ.ʃən/}}, native Liroitach {{IPA|/li.ˈroi.takʰ/}} is a highly endangered isolate language spoken by a handful of people in northwestern Italy. It is similar typologically to Bausque, being agglutinative, SOV, and head-final, but no relation is apparent. | ||
=Phonology= | =Phonology= | ||
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Velar stops become palatal before /j/.<br> | Velar stops become palatal before /j/.<br> | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Liroitian has a simple 5-vowel system of {{IPA|/a e i o u/}}. There are no phonemic diphthongs, but bimoraic vowel clusters exist.<br> | |||
=Morphology= | |||
Liroitian has a complex, agglutinative, suffixing morphology that is very atypical for a Western European language.<br> | |||
==Nouns and Adjectives== | |||
Nouns and Adjectives agree in case, but not number. Nouns inflect for possesion and adjectives inflect for comparison.<br> | |||
===Number=== | |||
Liroitian has 3 numbers, singular, dual, and plural. The singular is unmarked. The dual is '''-bu'''. The plural is '''-c''' following vowels and '''-ec''' following consonants.<br> | |||
<br> | |||
'''velec'''<br> | |||
vel-ec<br> | |||
''"trees"''<br> | |||
<br> | |||
'''casac''' | |||
casa-c<br> | |||
''"houses"''<br> | |||
<br> | |||
'''oasbu''' | |||
oas-bu<br> | |||
''"pair of eyes"''<br> | |||
===Case=== | |||
The case system is extensive. There are 5 core cases: Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, and Instrumental. There are 10 locative cases: Locative, Inessive, Lative, Superessive, Subessive, Illative, Ablative, Elative, Perlative. | |||
Revision as of 12:50, 27 April 2011
| Liroitian Liroitach | |
| Spoken in: | Italy (Italya) |
| Conworld: | League of Lost Languages |
| Total speakers: | ~100 |
| Genealogical classification: | Isolate
|
| Basic word order: | SOV |
| Morphological type: | Agglutinative |
| Morphosyntactic alignment: | Accusative |
| Writing system: | |
| Created by: | |
| Taylor Selseth | 2011 C.E. |
Liroitian /lɪ.ˈɹɔɪ.ʃən/, native Liroitach /li.ˈroi.takʰ/ is a highly endangered isolate language spoken by a handful of people in northwestern Italy. It is similar typologically to Bausque, being agglutinative, SOV, and head-final, but no relation is apparent.
Phonology
Phoneme Inventory
The most notable aspect of Liroitian's consonant inventory is a 3-way voicing-aspiration contrast not unlike Ancient Greek.
Consonants
IPA
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |
| Stops, Plain | p | t | k | |
| Stops, aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |
| Stops, Voiced | b | d | g | |
| Nasals | m | n | ||
| Fricatives, unvoiced | f | s | ||
| Fricatives, voiced | v | |||
| Approximants | l | j | ||
| Trills | r |
Orthography
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |
| Stops, Plain | p | t | c | |
| Stops, aspirated | ph | th | ch | |
| Stops, Voiced | b | d | g | |
| Nasals | m | n | ||
| Fricatives, unvoiced | f | s | ||
| Fricatives, voiced | v | |||
| Approximants | l | y | ||
| Trills | r |
Phonemic /v/ is only found word-initially and in consonant clusters.
/f/ and /s/ are voiced intervocalically.
Velar stops become palatal before /j/.
Vowels
Liroitian has a simple 5-vowel system of /a e i o u/. There are no phonemic diphthongs, but bimoraic vowel clusters exist.
Morphology
Liroitian has a complex, agglutinative, suffixing morphology that is very atypical for a Western European language.
Nouns and Adjectives
Nouns and Adjectives agree in case, but not number. Nouns inflect for possesion and adjectives inflect for comparison.
Number
Liroitian has 3 numbers, singular, dual, and plural. The singular is unmarked. The dual is -bu. The plural is -c following vowels and -ec following consonants.
velec
vel-ec
"trees"
casac
casa-c
"houses"
oasbu
oas-bu
"pair of eyes"
Case
The case system is extensive. There are 5 core cases: Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, and Instrumental. There are 10 locative cases: Locative, Inessive, Lative, Superessive, Subessive, Illative, Ablative, Elative, Perlative.
