Khanty: Difference between revisions
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m (→Isoglosses) |
(→Vowels: split a/oo, ä/ee) |
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Many vowels develop different near to velar consonant, which is mark'd by <Vˠ>. Some dialects trigger labialization in following velars, markd by <Vʷ>. | Many vowels develop different near to velar consonant, which is mark'd by <Vˠ>. Some dialects trigger labialization in following velars, markd by <Vʷ>. | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class="wikitable" border="1" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! !! Vax-Vasjugan !! Tremjugan-Jugan !! Demj-Konda !! Nizjam !! Kazym !! Obdorsk !! vs. Mansi !! Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| *uu || uu || uu || yy, uuˠ || u || u || uu || *uu ([oo]?) | | *uu || uu || uu || yy, uuˠ || u || u || uu || *uu ([oo]?) | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
| *yy || yy || iiʷ | | *yy || yy || iiʷ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| * | | *oo₁ || oo || o, a ||rowspan="3"| uu, ooˠ ||rowspan="3"| uu ||rowspan="3"| (w)oo ||rowspan="3"| oo || *aa, *a, *å | ||
| | | Živlov: *a | ||
|- | |||
| *oo₂ || uu || uu || | |||
| Živlov: *oo | |||
|- | |- | ||
| *ɔɔ || ɔɔ || oo || | | *ɔɔ || ɔɔ || oo || | ||
| Line 25: | Line 28: | ||
| *ɑɑ || ɑɑ || ɒɒ || oo, ɑɑˠ || ɔɔ || ɔɔ || ɑɑ || *ɯɯ, *ɑɑ | | *ɑɑ || ɑɑ || ɒɒ || oo, ɑɑˠ || ɔɔ || ɔɔ || ɑɑ || *ɯɯ, *ɑɑ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| * | | *ee₁ || ee, øøˠ || aa ||rowspan="3"| ee ||rowspan="3"| ee ||rowspan="3"| ee ||rowspan="3"| ee || *ää, *ä | ||
| | | Živlov: *ä | ||
|- | |||
| *ee₂ || ii || ii || | |||
| Živlov: *ii; N&K (j)ee | |||
|- | |- | ||
| *øø || øø || aa, ø || | | *øø || øø || aa, ø || | ||
| Živlov: Split from *ee₁ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| *ææ || ææ || aa ||rowspan="2"| aa ||rowspan="2"| ɑɑ ||rowspan="2"| ɑɑ ||rowspan="2"| aa || *ii | | *ææ || ææ || aa ||rowspan="2"| aa ||rowspan="2"| ɑɑ ||rowspan="2"| ɑɑ ||rowspan="2"| aa || *ii | ||
| Sammallahti: TJ /ɒɒ/ ? | | Sammallahti: TJ /ɒɒ/ ? (typo ''å'' for ''ȧ''?) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| *ɶɶ || œœ || eeʷ || | | *ɶɶ || œœ || eeʷ || | ||
| | | Živlov: Konda & O. /oo/ / _k | ||
|- | |- | ||
| *o || o || o ||rowspan="2"| ɑ ||rowspan="2"| o ||rowspan="2"| o ||rowspan="2"| ɑ || *a, *å | | *o || o || o ||rowspan="2"| ɑ ||rowspan="2"| o ||rowspan="2"| o ||rowspan="2"| ɑ || *a, *å | ||
|- | |- | ||
| *ɑ || ɑ || ɑ || | | *ɑ || ɑ || ɑ || | ||
| Živlov: *ɯ (?!) | |||
|- | |- | ||
| *e || e || e || e || ɑ || ɑ || a || *i | | *e || e || e || e || ɑ || ɑ || a || *i | ||
|- | |- | ||
| *ɵ || ø || ɵ || ɵ || u || u || uu || *ü | | *ɵ || ø || ɵ, eʷ || ɵ || u || u || uu || *ü | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 14:03, 20 June 2010
Spoken in Western Siberia, Khanty forms the eastern half of the Ob-Ugric languages. It has usually been treated as a single language divided in many dialects, tho a division into a small family of 3-4 languages may be more appropriate. The historical phonology of Khanty has been problematic in Uralistics.
Vowels
Khanty dialects generally have a distinction between full and overshort vowels. This correlates with the long-short distinction of Mansi, and is transcribed here as geminate vs. single.
Many vowels develop different near to velar consonant, which is mark'd by <Vˠ>. Some dialects trigger labialization in following velars, markd by <Vʷ>.
| Vax-Vasjugan | Tremjugan-Jugan | Demj-Konda | Nizjam | Kazym | Obdorsk | vs. Mansi | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *uu | uu | uu | yy, uuˠ | u | u | uu | *uu ([oo]?) | |
| *ɯɯ | ɯɯ | ɯɯ | ii, eeˠ | i | i | ii | *ɯɯ ([ɤɤ]?), *a | |
| *ii | ii | ii | ii | *ii ([ee]?) | ||||
| *yy | yy | iiʷ | ||||||
| *oo₁ | oo | o, a | uu, ooˠ | uu | (w)oo | oo | *aa, *a, *å | Živlov: *a |
| *oo₂ | uu | uu | Živlov: *oo | |||||
| *ɔɔ | ɔɔ | oo | ||||||
| *ɑɑ | ɑɑ | ɒɒ | oo, ɑɑˠ | ɔɔ | ɔɔ | ɑɑ | *ɯɯ, *ɑɑ | |
| *ee₁ | ee, øøˠ | aa | ee | ee | ee | ee | *ää, *ä | Živlov: *ä |
| *ee₂ | ii | ii | Živlov: *ii; N&K (j)ee | |||||
| *øø | øø | aa, ø | Živlov: Split from *ee₁ | |||||
| *ææ | ææ | aa | aa | ɑɑ | ɑɑ | aa | *ii | Sammallahti: TJ /ɒɒ/ ? (typo å for ȧ?) |
| *ɶɶ | œœ | eeʷ | Živlov: Konda & O. /oo/ / _k | |||||
| *o | o | o | ɑ | o | o | ɑ | *a, *å | |
| *ɑ | ɑ | ɑ | Živlov: *ɯ (?!) | |||||
| *e | e | e | e | ɑ | ɑ | a | *i | |
| *ɵ | ø | ɵ, eʷ | ɵ | u | u | uu | *ü |
