Proto-Uralic/derived: Difference between revisions

From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 30: Line 30:
| "to swallo"
| "to swallo"
| *neele- || *ńélɤ- || '''ńiĺe-''' || *nela- || *ńɯl(ɯ)- <!-- -M in Komi-->|| '''ńel-''' || *ńääl- || *ńeel- || '''*nɤl-'''
| *neele- || *ńélɤ- || '''ńiĺe-''' || *nela- || *ńɯl(ɯ)- <!-- -M in Komi-->|| '''ńel-''' || *ńääl- || *ńeel- || '''*nɤl-'''
| West *ńexli, East *ńäl
|-
|-
| "tongue"
| "tongue"
| - || *ńálmé || || || || ńeel || *ńiil || *ńääl ||
| - || *ńálmé || - || *ńəlmə || - || ńelv, ńeev || *ńiiləm || *ńääləm || Ne. '''næmu ← *nåjmå'''
 
| *ńälma ~ *ńElm ~ *nalma
|-
| rowheight="1" colspan="10"| <hr/>
|-
|-
| "to die"
| "to die"
Line 39: Line 42:
|-
|-
| "death"
| "death"
| *kalma || *kólmé || || || - || - || - || - || *kålm-
| *kalma || *kólmé || kalma || - || - || - || - || - || *kålm-
|-
| height="1" colspan="10"| <hr/>
|-
|-
| "pole"
| "pole"
Line 46: Line 51:
| "pole"
| "pole"
| *ulku || style="color:red"| *holkɤ || olga || - || || *aawla || *oɣəl || *uj
| *ulku || style="color:red"| *holkɤ || olga || - || || *aawla || *oɣəl || *uj
|-
| height="1" colspan="10"| <hr/>
|-
|-
| "to hit"
| "to hit"
| ''*löö-'' || - || - || ''*lüe-'' || K. lɯj- || löv- || *li- || - || *jöw-
| *löö- || - || - || ''*lüe-'' || K. lɯj- || löv- || *li- || - || *jöw-
|-
|-
| "to find"
| "to find"
Line 54: Line 61:
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | Peelings
! colspan="10" | Peelings
|-
| "crust"
| *koori || - || ''kaŕ'' || - || K. '''kɯrś''' || - || *kur- || *kor- || -
|-
|-
| "skin"
| "skin"
Line 60: Line 70:
|-
|-
| "skin"
| "skin"
| *keti || *kɤtɤ || keď || - || - || - || - || - || -
| *keti || *kɤtɤ || keď || - || - || - || - || - || Se. ker
|-
|-
| "skin"
| "skin"
Line 69: Line 79:
|-
|-
| "father-in-law"
| "father-in-law"
| F. appi || vóppɤ || style="color:red"| *owo || - || '''ipa''' || *up || *uup || *əpə
| F. appi || vóppɤ || || style="color:red"| *owo || - || '''ipa''' || *up || *uup || *əpə
|-
|-
| "mother-in-law"
| "mother-in-law"
| F. anoppi || *vóném || - || - || - || *aanəp || '''*oonəp''' || *ɯnå
| F. anoppi || *vóném || || - || - || - || *aanəp || '''*oonəp''' || *ɯnå
|-
|-
| "aunt"
| "aunt"
| Mk. ańa- || *vóńé- || - || U. ańɯ ~ K. ɤń || aanɟ, ańa || *aań(-iikʷa) || *anəkə || *ɤńä
| || *vóńé- || ańa- || - || U. ańɯ ~ K. ɤń || aanɟ, ańa || *aań(-iikʷa) || *anəkə || *ɤńä
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | Ladies
! colspan="10" | Ladies
|-
|-
| "woman"
| "woman"
| F. nainen || - || - || - || naas || '''*nääji''' || *naaji ? || -
| *naj-nen || - || || - || - || naas || '''*nääji''' || *naaji ? || -
|-
|-
| "girl"
| "girl"
| *nej-ti || *néjtɤ || ni || - || *nɯl || - || *nii || *niiŋ || *nê
| *nej-ti || *néj-tɤ || ni || - || *nɯl || - || *nii || *niiŋ || *nê
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | Numerals
! colspan="10" | Numerals
Line 89: Line 99:
| "1"
| "1"
| *ükti|| *ɤktɤ || E. vejke  || *iktə || U. odig ~ K. ɤťik || || *ük || *ej || -
| *ükti|| *ɤktɤ || E. vejke  || *iktə || U. odig ~ K. ɤťik || || *ük || *ej || -
| Mk. '''fkä'''
| Basically *üki. Mk. '''fkä'''
|-
|-
| "9"
| "9"
| *ükteksä || *ɤkcé || vejksa ||  ə~inðekšə || - || - || - || - || -
| *ükteksä || *ɤkcé || vejksa ||  *əənðekšə || - || - || - || - || -
|-
| "5"
| *viiti || *vítɤ || veťä || style="color:red"| *wəəc || *vit || öt || *ät || *weet || *wüt
| West *wixti, East *wet
|-
| height="1" colspan="10"| <hr/>
|-
|-
| "2"
| "2"
| F. kaksi || *kókté || kavta || *kok || ''*kɯk'' || keet || *kit || *kiit, käät || *kêtä
| F. kaksi || *kókté || kavta || *kok || ''*kɯk'' || keet || *kit || *kiit, käät || *kêtä
| East *kêt, west *kaktV, P. unclear
| West *ka<small><sub>2</sub></small>ktV, East *kêta, P. unclear
|-
| "8"
| *kakteksa || '''*kákcé''' || kavkso || Hi. '''känðäkš''' ~ Me. kanðaš || - || - || - || - || -
|-
| "6"
| *kuuti || *kútɤ || koto || *kut || ''*kwať'' || hat || *kuut || *kaat || -
| West *kuxti, East *ka<small><sub>2</sub></small>t, P. unclear
|-
| height="1" colspan="10"| <hr/>
|-
|-
| "100"
| "100"
Line 103: Line 128:
|-
|-
| "1000"
| "1000"
| - || - || - || *śurs || - || style="color:red"| *šaatər-  || *ťarəs ||
| - || - || - || - || *śurs || - || style="color:red"| *šaatər-  || *ťarəs ||
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | Open
! colspan="10" | Open
|-
|-
| "to open"
| "to open"
| F. ava- || - || || || - || - || style="color:red"| '''old-, ood-''' || *ɯɯŋk- || *ääŋ-? aa~ee
| *ava- || - || || || - || - || style="color:red"| '''old-, ood-''' || *ɯɯŋk- || *ääŋ-? aa~ee
|-
|-
| "opening"
| "opening"
| F. aukko || *vóŋɤs || '''*oŋkśt''' || '''äŋ''' || *vɤɤm || aj ~ aaj || - || *ooŋ || *äŋ
| *aw-kko || *vóŋɤs || '''*oŋkśt''' || '''äŋ''' || *vɤɤm || aj ~ aaj || - || *ooŋ || *äŋ
| K. also '''vom'''
| K. also '''vom'''
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
Line 117: Line 142:
|-
|-
| "beginning"
| "beginning"
| F. alka- || *vólké- || || || - || - || - || style="color:red"| *aawəl || style="color:red"| *aaləŋ || '''*olə-'''
| *alka- || *vólké- || || - || - || - || style="color:red"| *aawəl || style="color:red"| *aaləŋ || '''*olə-'''
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | Missing *n etc.
! colspan="10" | Missing *n etc.
|-
|-
| "tail"
| "tail"
| - || - || ||style="color:green"| *paač || style="color:#800000"| *bɤɤž || - ||style="color:purple"| *panš || *poč || style="color:purple"| *pančå
| - || - || ||style="color:red"| *paač || *bɤɤž || - || *panš ||style="color:red"| *poč || *pančå
| *po(n)ča
| *po(n)ča
|-
|-
Line 128: Line 153:
| *künti || *kɤncɤ || kenže || style="color:red"| *kööč || U. gižɯ ~ K. gɯž || - || *künš || *könč || style="color:red"| ''*kəčå''
| *künti || *kɤncɤ || kenže || style="color:red"| *kööč || U. gižɯ ~ K. gɯž || - || *künš || *könč || style="color:red"| ''*kəčå''
| *kü(n)čV
| *kü(n)čV
|-
| "flea"
| *sonsa-ri || - || style="color:red"| šičav || style="color:red"| šuršo || - || - || style="color:#800000"| *šo(n)š || *čuunč || -
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | More stuff
! colspan="10" | More stuff
Line 136: Line 164:
| "to blink"
| "to blink"
| F. '''kyyny''' || - || końe- || *kɤɤme- || U. kɯń ~ K. kuń || huń || - || *koń- || *kəń-
| F. '''kyyny''' || - || końe- || *kɤɤme- || U. kɯń ~ K. kuń || huń || - || *koń- || *kəń-
|-
| height="1" colspan="10"| <hr/>
|-
|-
| "to cook"
| "to cook"

Revision as of 02:12, 7 July 2009

Potential pre-Uralic or inter-Uralic derivation relationships.

Lexeme Finnic Samic Mordvinic Mari Permic Hungarian Mansi Khanty Samoyedic Comments
The "fish"/"net" cluster
"fish" *kala *kólé kal *kol - hal *kuul *kuul *kålä
"net" *kalim - - K. kulɤm haalo *kuuləp *kaaləp -
"to fish with a net" *kulta *kolté - *kelðə- U. kalt ~ K. kɤlt - *kult- *kåål- Se. qolde- Ma. & P. point to *ä
"net" - - - - K. tɯl - *tåləɣ *toɣəl - Metathesis?!
"fish trap" *kola - - - K. koĺas - - - -
Long vs. short vowels
"to swallo" *neele- *ńélɤ- ńiĺe- *nela- *ńɯl(ɯ)- ńel- *ńääl- *ńeel- *nɤl- West *ńexli, East *ńäl
"tongue" - *ńálmé - *ńəlmə - ńelv, ńeev *ńiiləm *ńääləm Ne. næmu ← *nåjmå *ńälma ~ *ńElm ~ *nalma
"to die" *koole- - kulo- *kole- *kul- hal- *kaal- *kal- *kåə-
"death" *kalma *kólmé kalma - - - - - *kålm-
"pole" *vooli - - - K. ɯɯ ? - *ula *wol -
"pole" *ulku *holkɤ olga - *aawla *oɣəl *uj
"to hit" *löö- - - *lüe- K. lɯj- löv- *li- - *jöw-
"to find" *lewtä- - - - - leel - - -
Peelings
"crust" *koori - kaŕ - K. kɯrś - *kur- *kor- -
"skin" *keri *kɤrɤ keŕ *köör *koor keerëg *kiir *käär *kêti OU *kEr
"skin" *keti *kɤtɤ keď - - - - - Se. ker
"skin" *kiĺ *kääĺən *-äðʲ-
Kinship concatenation?
"father-in-law" F. appi vóppɤ *owo - ipa *up *uup *əpə
"mother-in-law" F. anoppi *vóném - - - *aanəp *oonəp *ɯnå
"aunt" *vóńé- ańa- - U. ańɯ ~ K. ɤń aanɟ, ańa *aań(-iikʷa) *anəkə *ɤńä
Ladies
"woman" *naj-nen - - - naas *nääji *naaji ? -
"girl" *nej-ti *néj-tɤ ni - *nɯl - *nii *niiŋ *nê
Numerals
"1" *ükti *ɤktɤ E. vejke *iktə U. odig ~ K. ɤťik *ük *ej - Basically *üki. Mk. fkä
"9" *ükteksä *ɤkcé vejksa *əənðekšə - - - - -
"5" *viiti *vítɤ veťä *wəəc *vit öt *ät *weet *wüt West *wixti, East *wet
"2" F. kaksi *kókté kavta *kok *kɯk keet *kit *kiit, käät *kêtä West *ka2ktV, East *kêta, P. unclear
"8" *kakteksa *kákcé kavkso Hi. känðäkš ~ Me. kanðaš - - - - -
"6" *kuuti *kútɤ koto *kut *kwať hat *kuut *kaat - West *kuxti, East *ka2t, P. unclear
"100" *sata *čóté śada *šüðə *śoo saaz *šɯɯt *saat - ← II *śata; separately in P. ?
"1000" - - - - *śurs - *šaatər- *ťarəs
Open
"to open" *ava- - - - old-, ood- *ɯɯŋk- *ääŋ-? aa~ee
"opening" *aw-kko *vóŋɤs *oŋkśt äŋ *vɤɤm aj ~ aaj - *ooŋ *äŋ K. also vom
Existential
"beginning" *alka- *vólké- - - - *aawəl *aaləŋ *olə-
Missing *n etc.
"tail" - - *paač *bɤɤž - *panš *poč *pančå *po(n)ča
"nail" *künti *kɤncɤ kenže *kööč U. gižɯ ~ K. gɯž - *künš *könč *kəčå *kü(n)čV
"flea" *sonsa-ri - šičav šuršo - - *šo(n)š *čuunč -
More stuff
"tear" *küünel *kɤńɤl - - U. -kɯĺi köńń - - kəńələ
"to blink" F. kyyny - końe- *kɤɤme- U. kɯń ~ K. kuń huń - *koń- *kəń-
"to cook" - - pije- - K. pu- (föö-) *paaj- - *pi- *pexi; cf. *pêsi !
""
""
Retrieved from "http://www.frathwiki.com/index.php?title=Proto-Uralic/derived&oldid=47065"