Proto-Uralic: Difference between revisions
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For now, this is a table of medial consonant clusters. | For now, this is a table of medial consonant clusters. | ||
Words included from appendix from this: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20071746 (see comments in table code) | |||
{| | {| | ||
! | ! colspan="2"|2nd →<br/>1st ↓ | ||
! p !! t !! č !! k !! s !! ś !! ð !! ðʲ !! w !! j !! l !! r !! m !! n !! ŋ | ! p !! t !! č !! k !! s !! ś !! ð !! ðʲ !! w !! j !! l !! r !! m !! n !! ŋ | ||
! width="25"| !! Notes !! width="25"| !! Frequency color code | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="4" valign="center" style="background:#f0f0f0"| N | |||
! m | |||
| mp <!--lämpi-->|| style="background:#ffffc0"| mt <!--omti tumti---> || || | |||
| ms <!--pImsimi-->|| mś <!--n'ims'a-->|| || | |||
| || || || | |||
| || || | |||
| || mostly i-stems | |||
| || single root | |||
|- | |||
! n | |||
| || style="background:#fff0c0"| nt <!--tanti- konta- lUnta kënta-->|| style="background:#ffc8c0"| nč <!--kyntSi n'antSa pantSa wantSa tSantSi--> || | |||
| || style="background:#fff0c0"| nś <!--ons'a luns'a kuns'i-->|| || | |||
| || || || || || || | |||
| || | |||
| || style="background:#ffffc0"| two roots | |||
|- | |||
! ń | |||
| || || || | |||
| || ńś <!--san's'a-->|| || | |||
| || || || | |||
| || || | |||
| || might not be distinct from *nś | |||
| || style="background:#fff0c0"| 3-4 roots | |||
|- | |||
! ŋ | |||
| || style="background:#ffffc0"| ŋt <!--oNti uNta--> || || style="background:#ffc8c0"| ŋk <!--jäNka s'äNki s'aNka woNki pëNka---> | |||
| ŋs <!--jUNsi--> || || || | |||
| || || || | |||
| || || | |||
| || | |||
| || style="background:#ffc8c0"| 5 roots | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="4" valign="center" style="background:#f0f0f0"| P | |||
! p | ! p | ||
| pp <!--säppa-->|| pt <!--jupta- ëpti-->|| || | | pp <!--säppa-->|| style="background:#ffffc0"| pt <!--jupta- ëpti-->|| || | ||
| ps <!--ipsi kupsa--->|| pś <!--lëps'i-->|| pð <!--däpdä--> || | | style="background:#ffffc0"| ps <!--ipsi kupsa--->|| pś <!--lëps'i-->|| pð <!--däpdä--> || | ||
| || || || | |||
| || || | |||
| || | | || | ||
| || style="background:#f0c0f0"| ~10 roots | |||
|- | |- | ||
! t | ! t | ||
| || || || tk <!--kätki- kytki- tytki---> | | || || || style="background:#fff0c0"| tk <!--kätki- kytki- tytki---> | ||
| || || || | |||
| || || || | |||
| || || | |||
| || | |||
|- | |- | ||
! č | ! č | ||
| Line 19: | Line 60: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! k | ! k | ||
| || kt <!--kakta tUkta tUkti ïkta-->|| || kk <!--lykka--> | | || style="background:#fff0c0"| kt <!--kakta tUkta tUkti ïkta-->|| || kk <!--lykka--> | ||
| ks <!--peksa- suksi mïksa-->|| kś <!--s'yks'i n'uks'i n'ëks'imi-->|| || | | style="background:#fff0c0"| ks <!--peksa- suksi mïksa-->|| style="background:#fff0c0"| kś <!--s'yks'i n'uks'i n'ëks'imi-->|| || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3" valign="center" style="background:#f0f0f0"| F | |||
! s | ! s | ||
| || || || sk <!--poski soski--> | | || || || style="background:#ffffc0"| sk <!--poski soski--> | ||
| || || || | |||
| || || || | |||
| || || | |||
| || both i-stems | |||
|- | |- | ||
! ś | ! ś | ||
| || || || śk <!--wäs'ka as'kili mos'ki kUs'ki---> | | || || || style="background:#fff0c0"| śk <!--wäs'ka as'kili mos'ki kUs'ki---> | ||
| || || || | |||
| || || || | | || || || | ||
| || || | |||
| || mostly i-stems + *wäśka | |||
|- | |- | ||
! ðʲ | ! ðʲ | ||
| Line 34: | Line 83: | ||
| ðʲw <!--käd'wa-->|| | | ðʲw <!--käd'wa-->|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center"| (?) | |||
! x | ! x | ||
| || xt <!--wixti kuxti-->|| xč <!--oxtSi-->|| | | || style="background:#ffffc0"| xt <!--wixti kuxti-->|| xč <!--oxtSi-->|| | ||
| xs <!--koxsi-->|| xś <!--kuxs'i-->|| xðʲ <!--oxd'i--> | | xs <!--koxsi-->|| xś <!--kuxs'i-->|| || xðʲ <!--oxd'i--> | ||
| || xj <!--sexji woxji-->|| xl <!--käxli pexli n'exli koxli n'oxli poxli woxli kUxli tuxli n'ëxli-->|| xr <!--woxri--> | | || style="background:#ffffc0"| xj <!--sexji woxji-->|| style="background:#f0c0f0"| xl <!--käxli pexli n'exli koxli n'oxli poxli woxli kUxli tuxli n'ëxli-->|| xr <!--woxri--> | ||
| xm <!--läxmi d'ëxmi s'ëxmi-->|| xn <!--sëxni--> | | style="background:#fff0c0"| xm <!--läxmi d'ëxmi s'ëxmi-->|| xn <!--sëxni--> || | ||
| || i-stems only | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" valign="center" style="background:#f0f0f0"| sV | |||
! w | ! w | ||
| || || || | | || || || | ||
| || || wð <!--käwdi täwdi---> || | | || || style="background:#ffffc0"| wð <!--käwdi täwdi---> || | ||
| || wj <!--jäwji-->|| wl <!--lewli-->|| | | <!--s'awNa--> || wj <!--jäwji-->|| wl <!--lewli-->|| | ||
| || || wŋ | |||
| || after e ä a only | |||
|- | |- | ||
! j | ! j | ||
| || || || | | || || || | ||
| || || || | | || || || | ||
| jw <!--päjwa kajwa ojwa-->|| || || | | style="background:#fff0c0"| jw <!--päjwa kajwa ojwa-->|| || || | ||
| jm <!--äjmä-->|| || | | jm <!--äjmä-->|| || style="background:#ffffc0"| jŋ <!--wajNi ajNi--> | ||
| || after ä a o only | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3" valign="center" style="background:#f0f0f0"| L | |||
! l | ! l | ||
| || lt <!--kUlta--> || || lk <!--jälki mälki pelka wolka tulka ulki kulki s'ëlka- wëlka---> | | || lt <!--kUlta--> || || style="background:#f0c0f0"| lk <!--jälki mälki pelka wolka tulka ulki kulki s'ëlka- wëlka---> | ||
| || || || | | || || || | ||
| lw <!--talwa tolwa pëlwa-->|| lj <!--n'elja pelja-->|| || | | style="background:#fff0c0"| lw <!--talwa tolwa pëlwa-->|| style="background:#ffffc0"| lj <!--n'elja pelja-->|| || | ||
| lm <!--n'elma Ilma s'ilma pilmita kUlmi-->|| || lŋ <!--pIlNi--> | | style="background:#ffc8c0"| lm <!--n'elma Ilma s'ilma pilmita kUlmi-->|| || lŋ <!--pIlNi--> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! lʲ | ! lʲ | ||
| Line 61: | Line 117: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! r | ! r | ||
| rp <!--korpi tUrpa--->|| rt <!--pärta-->|| || rk <!--sarka kurki purki n'ërki--> | | style="background:#ffffc0"| rp <!--korpi tUrpa--->|| rt <!--pärta-->|| || style="background:#fff0c0"| rk <!--sarka kurki purki n'ërki--> | ||
| || || || | | || || || | ||
| rw <!--kIrwa---> || || || | | rw <!--kIrwa---> || || || | ||
| rm <!--n'urmi | | rm <!--n'urmi--> || || | ||
| || mostly back-harmonic | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 03:26, 26 November 2008
For now, this is a table of medial consonant clusters.
Words included from appendix from this: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20071746 (see comments in table code)
| 2nd → 1st ↓ |
p | t | č | k | s | ś | ð | ðʲ | w | j | l | r | m | n | ŋ | Notes | Frequency color code | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | m | mp | mt | ms | mś | mostly i-stems | single root | |||||||||||||
| n | nt | nč | nś | two roots | ||||||||||||||||
| ń | ńś | might not be distinct from *nś | 3-4 roots | |||||||||||||||||
| ŋ | ŋt | ŋk | ŋs | 5 roots | ||||||||||||||||
| P | p | pp | pt | ps | pś | pð | ~10 roots | |||||||||||||
| t | tk | |||||||||||||||||||
| č | čk | |||||||||||||||||||
| k | kt | kk | ks | kś | ||||||||||||||||
| F | s | sk | both i-stems | |||||||||||||||||
| ś | śk | mostly i-stems + *wäśka | ||||||||||||||||||
| ðʲ | ðʲk | ðʲw | ||||||||||||||||||
| (?) | x | xt | xč | xs | xś | xðʲ | xj | xl | xr | xm | xn | i-stems only | ||||||||
| sV | w | wð | wj | wl | wŋ | after e ä a only | ||||||||||||||
| j | jw | jm | jŋ | after ä a o only | ||||||||||||||||
| L | l | lt | lk | lw | lj | lm | lŋ | |||||||||||||
| lʲ | lʲk | |||||||||||||||||||
| r | rp | rt | rk | rw | rm | mostly back-harmonic | ||||||||||||||
