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Seuna demonstratives: Difference between revisions

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There are two demonstratives. They are identical to the third person pronouns.
{| border=1
{| border=1
   |align=center|  '''dwolo'''  
   |align=center|  '''dwolo'''  
   |align=left| house
   |align=left| house
  |-
  |align=center|  '''dwolo to'''
  |align=left| that house(spoken of before)
  |-
  |align=center|  '''dwolon ton'''
  |align=left| those houses(spoken of before)
  |-
  |align=center|  '''gala'''
  |align=left| man
     |-
     |-
   |align=center|  '''dwolo na'''  
   |align=center|  '''gala to'''  
   |align=left| that house(spoken of before)
   |align=left| that man(spoken of before)
     |-
     |-
|align=center|  '''dwolo wa'''  
  |align=center|  '''galan ton'''  
   |align=left| those houses(spoken of before)
   |align=left| those men(spoken of before)
     |}
     |}


For pointing out objects that have not been mentioned before, '''di''' and '''de''' are used.


For pointing out objects that have not been mentioned before, '''di''' and '''de''' are added.
{| border=1
By themselves '''di''' means "here" and '''de''' means "there".
  |align=center|  '''dwolo di'''  
  |align=left| this house
  |-
  |align=center|  '''dwolo de'''  
  |align=left| that house
  |}
 
And we also have the plural forms '''din''' and '''den'''.


{| border=1
{| border=1
   |align=center|  '''dwolo na di'''  
   |align=center|  '''dwolon din'''  
   |align=left| this house
   |align=left| this house
    |-
   |-
  |align=center|  '''dwolo wa di'''
   |align=center|  '''dwolon den'''  
   |align=left| these houses
    |-
   |align=center|  '''dwolo na de'''  
   |align=left| that house
   |align=left| that house
    |-
  |}
  |align=center|  '''dwolo wa de'''  
 
  |align=left| those houses
As with '''to''' and '''ton''', '''di''', '''de''', '''din''' and '''den''' can be used as pronouns.
    |}


'''adi''' means "here" and '''ade''' means "there".


SA    KI    NA    &    KU other demonstratives ??
SA    KI    NA    &    KU other demonstratives ??
Line 42: Line 54:
As      - MAN IS THE MEASURE OF ALL THINGS -    when these particles are used alone, they have the meanings ;-
As      - MAN IS THE MEASURE OF ALL THINGS -    when these particles are used alone, they have the meanings ;-


 
SANA = somebody. some SATO = something
SA = somebody. some SIA = something
KI = nobody KIA = nothing
KI = nobody KIA = nothing
NA = he, she, it NIA = sequence of events just mentioned, NUA = sequence of events about to be mentioned
NA = he, she, it NIA = sequence of events just mentioned, NUA = sequence of events about to be mentioned
Line 66: Line 77:


TI HU               SA
TI HU               SA


When the interrogative conflates with the indefinite, they have to be kept seperate somehow.
When the interrogative conflates with the indefinite, they have to be kept seperate somehow.

Revision as of 13:03, 5 November 2008

dwolo house
dwolo to that house(spoken of before)
dwolon ton those houses(spoken of before)
gala man
gala to that man(spoken of before)
galan ton those men(spoken of before)

For pointing out objects that have not been mentioned before, di and de are used.

dwolo di this house
dwolo de that house

And we also have the plural forms din and den.

dwolon din this house
dwolon den that house

As with to and ton, di, de, din and den can be used as pronouns.

adi means "here" and ade means "there".

SA KI NA & KU other demonstratives ??

This set of particles form a logical group.

SA KI NA KU are used for both nouns and verbs. They precede both. For nouns SA KI NA KU have the meaning "some", "no", "that" and "all". For verbs SA KI NA KU have the meaning "sometimes", "never", " --- " and "always". If used singly (for example with a single word reply) they must be immediately followed by the word "do"

As - MAN IS THE MEASURE OF ALL THINGS - when these particles are used alone, they have the meanings ;-

SANA = somebody. some SATO = something KI = nobody KIA = nothing NA = he, she, it NIA = sequence of events just mentioned, NUA = sequence of events about to be mentioned KU = everybody KUA = everything

HU = who HUA = what

Note ;- SA = Does not indicate plurality, only indefiniteness. For plurality you must use the word ALKI.


TI HU & SA

set of particles form a group of word that are connected by usage. That is, many languages use the same word for two functions. It seems reasonable to assume that the word used for the interrogative function seeped into the indefinite function in some languages and into the indefinite function in other languages. We have a seperate word for the three functions.

relative particles interrogatives indefinites relative particles interrogatives indefinites relative particles interrogatives indefinites

TI HU SA

When the interrogative conflates with the indefinite, they have to be kept seperate somehow. We must be able to express WHO DID IT and SOMEBODY DID IT. (If the W question is always fronted and "Somebody did it" => "This was done by somebody")

Index

  1. Introduction to Seuna
  2. Seuna : Chapter 1
  3. Seuna word shape
  4. The script of Seuna
  5. Seuna sentence structure
  6. Seuna pronouns
  7. Seuna nouns
  8. Seuna verbs (1)
  9. Seuna adjectives
  10. Seuna demonstratives
  11. Seuna verbs (2)
  12. Asking a question in Seuna
  13. Seuna relative clauses
  14. Seuna verbs (3)
  15. Methods for deriving words in Seuna
  16. List of all Seuna derivational affixes
  17. Numbers in Seuna
  18. Naming people in Seuna
  19. The Seuna calendar
  20. Seuna units