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Central Lescealh Faraneit: Difference between revisions

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  teach-DPAST-REAL-3P
  teach-DPAST-REAL-3P
  (He/She/It/They) were teaching (some one).
  (He/She/It/They) were teaching (some one).
==Grammatical Peculiarities==
Most notably rej, to have, is no longer irregularly conjugated, but instead incorporated into a genitive phrase. In SLF, one would say-
Rejeih teic.
r-e-j-eih teic.
have-PRES-REAL-1P goat
I/We have (a/some) goat(s).
Instead, the only form used verbally in CeLF is-
Teicearejeaheaz.
teic-ea-r-e-j-ea-heaz.
goat-GEN-have-PRES-REAL-GEN-1P.S.GEN
I have (a/some) goat(s).
Additionally, both zah (not) and sceatej (to be required) were cliticised as prefixes to other verbs, essentially operating as negative and necessitive mood markers. In both, they were heavily simplified in ad hoc form. For example, prior to /a e ɛ ə/ only the /z/ in zah is not deleted:
Zazojoh heim.
z(a)-(h)az-o-j-oh heim.
NEG-harm-RPAST-REAL-3P 1P.S.ACC.
(He/She/It/They) harmed me.
from original Hazej. As for /i ɨ/, however,
Zayleitejeih molein.
za-(ei)leit-e-j-eih molein.
NEG-greet-PRES-REAL-1P 2P.PLUR.ACC
I am not greeting you.
while /o u/,
Zawneujeih dekein.
Za-(o)n-eu-j-eih dekein.
NEG-see-RPAST-REAL-1P 3P.S.INANI.ACC
I didn't see it.
Prior to consonants, however, the /a/ is preserved.
Sceatej simplifies much more regularly, becoming sc- when the verb begins with a vowel and scea- when the verb does not.
Sceadeuvijeih.
Scea-deuv-i-j-eih.
NEC-climb-FUT-REAL-1P
I must go and climb.
Sceileitejih teibein.
Sc-(h)eileit-e-j-ih teibein.
NEC-greet-PRES-REAL-2P 3P.PLUR.ACC
You must greet them.
As a result of the creation of a necessitive, the actual imperative mood (-t-) has become completely extinct in Central Lescealh. Similarly, subject-dropping to form an imperative has also declined, but not to nearly the same level.

Revision as of 17:12, 22 July 2008

Central Lescealh Faraneit was the dialect spoken under Harapah rule through out Lescealh. It was given various amounts of special treatment as a de facto lingua franca during that time period.

Phonemes

Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit

  • uq iq eq oq > ʊq ɪq ɛq ɔq
  • q > k
  • ɔn ɛn an > an
  • in ɪn un ʊn > ɪn ɪn ʊn ʊn
  • ɔ o > o
  • or er ɛr > ɔr ɛr ɛr
  • ir ɪr ur ʊr > ɪr ɪr ʊr ʊr
  • θ > DELETES
  • ʊ > ə
  • ɪ > ɨ
  • iV ɨV eV ɛV > jV
  • oV uV > wV
  • aV əV > V
  • ɛ a > æ ɑ

Development of Limited Vowel Harmony

Prior to the universal lenition of /ʊ/, a primitive form of vowel harmony emerged. /o ʊ u/ became /ø ʏ y/ prior to a syllable containing /i ɪ e ɛ/. From this initial system, /y ʏ/ merged to /y/, only for /y/ to simplify to /ui/ and /ø/ to /ue/.

Yet, within the verbal suffixes, this initial form was preserved, resulting in alternating forms depending on the last vowel in the verb's stem. For example,

Boaneicejeih.
Boaneic-e-j-eih
eat-PRES-REAL-1P
I eat.

but

Boneicoejeih.
Boneic-oe-j-eih
eat-RPAST-REAL-1P
I was eating.

as opposed to

Ceuzejeih.
Ceuz-e-j-eih
betray-PRES-REAL-1P
I'm betraying (some one).

and

Ceuzojeih.
Ceuz-o-j-eih
betray-RPAST-REAL-1P
I betrayed (some one).

This affect is not limited to tense markers, as it also affects the third person marker. For example:

Fascejoeh.
Fasc-e-j-oeh
write-PRES-REAL-3P
(S)He writes.

as opposed to

Fascojoh.
Fasc-o-j-oh
write-RPAST-REAL-3P
(S)He wrote.

Frequently the mutation on these two intersect. For example:

Feascuejoeh.
Feasc-ue-j-oeh.
teach-DPAST-REAL-3P
(He/She/It/They) were teaching (some one).

Grammatical Peculiarities

Most notably rej, to have, is no longer irregularly conjugated, but instead incorporated into a genitive phrase. In SLF, one would say-

Rejeih teic.
r-e-j-eih teic.
have-PRES-REAL-1P goat
I/We have (a/some) goat(s).

Instead, the only form used verbally in CeLF is-

Teicearejeaheaz.
teic-ea-r-e-j-ea-heaz.
goat-GEN-have-PRES-REAL-GEN-1P.S.GEN
I have (a/some) goat(s).

Additionally, both zah (not) and sceatej (to be required) were cliticised as prefixes to other verbs, essentially operating as negative and necessitive mood markers. In both, they were heavily simplified in ad hoc form. For example, prior to /a e ɛ ə/ only the /z/ in zah is not deleted:

Zazojoh heim.
z(a)-(h)az-o-j-oh heim.
NEG-harm-RPAST-REAL-3P 1P.S.ACC.
(He/She/It/They) harmed me.

from original Hazej. As for /i ɨ/, however,

Zayleitejeih molein.
za-(ei)leit-e-j-eih molein.
NEG-greet-PRES-REAL-1P 2P.PLUR.ACC
I am not greeting you.

while /o u/,

Zawneujeih dekein.
Za-(o)n-eu-j-eih dekein.
NEG-see-RPAST-REAL-1P 3P.S.INANI.ACC
I didn't see it.

Prior to consonants, however, the /a/ is preserved.

Sceatej simplifies much more regularly, becoming sc- when the verb begins with a vowel and scea- when the verb does not.

Sceadeuvijeih.
Scea-deuv-i-j-eih.
NEC-climb-FUT-REAL-1P
I must go and climb.
Sceileitejih teibein.
Sc-(h)eileit-e-j-ih teibein.
NEC-greet-PRES-REAL-2P 3P.PLUR.ACC
You must greet them.

As a result of the creation of a necessitive, the actual imperative mood (-t-) has become completely extinct in Central Lescealh. Similarly, subject-dropping to form an imperative has also declined, but not to nearly the same level.