Chinese sound correspondences

Symbols

• P = MC labial (幫滂並明)
• T = MC dental stop (端透定泥)
• TR = MC retroflex stop (知徹澄娘)
• S = MC dental sibilant (精清從心邪)
• SR = MC retroflex sibilant (莊出崇生)
• SY = MC palatal sibilant (章昌船書禪)
• K = MC velar/laryngeal (見溪群疑曉匣影雲以)

Rimes

通攝 Tong She

Rime	Middle Chinese		Mandarin Beijing	Yue Canton	Minnan Taiwan	Hakka	Japanese		Korean
	Karlgren	Baxter					Go-On	Kan-On
東（一等）	ung	uwng	ong [ʊŋ] weng [wɤŋ] /ʔ_ eng [ɤŋ] /P_	ung [ʊŋ] but jung [jʊŋ] (翁)			u [u] some uu [uː]	ou [oː]
冬（一等）	uong	owng	ong [ʊŋ] (does not occur /P_)	ung [ʊŋ]			o [o] some ou [oː]	ou [oː]
東（三等）	i̯ung	juwng	ong [ʊŋ] eng [ɤŋ] /P_	ung [ʊŋ]
鍾（三等）	i̯wong	jowng	ong [ʊŋ] iong [yʊŋ] /x_,ʔ_ eng [ɤŋ] /P_	ung [ʊŋ] jung [jʊŋ] /ʔ_
東（一等）	uk	uwk	u [u]	uk [ʊk]
冬（一等）	uok	owk	u [u]	uk [ʊk]
東（三等）	i̯uk	juwk	mostly u [u] and ü [y] /K_ but: ou [ou] (軸粥熟肉) iu [jou] (宿六) uo [uo] (縮)	uk [ʊk]
鍾（三等）	i̯wok	jowk	mostly u [u] and ü [y] /K_ but: ü [y] (續綠)	uk [ʊk] juk [jʊk] /ŋ_,ʔ_

Resources

Middle Chinese

• Introduction to historical Chinese phonology (PDF)
• Middle Chinese lookup tool
• Comparative Chart of Middle Chinese Initials
• Comparative Chart of Middle Chinese Finals
• Baxter's Middle Chinese spelling
• Middle Chinese rime characters (Ignores Chongniu)

Modern Chinese

• Putonghua lookup
• Guoyu lookup
• Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka lookup
• Cantonese lookup
• Taiwanese lookup

Sino-Xenic

• Japanese Wiktionary (Kan-on, Go-on lookup)
• Hanja lookup
• Sino-Vietnamese lookup