P-Noric: Difference between revisions
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==Phonology== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| | |||
| || Labial || Alveolar || Postalveolar || Palatal || Velar || Glottal | |||
|- | |||
| Stops, voiceless | |||
| '''*p''' || '''*t''' || || || '''*k''' || '''*q''' [ʔ] | |||
|- | |||
| Stops, voiced | |||
| '''*b''' || '''*d''' || || || '''*g''' || | |||
|- | |||
| Stops, aspirated | |||
| '''*ph''' [pʰ] || '''*th''' [tʰ] || || || '''*kh''' [kʰ] || | |||
|- | |||
| Affricates, voiceless | |||
| || '''*c''' [ts] || '''*č''' [tʃ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Affricates, voiced | |||
| || '''*dz''' || '''*dž''' [dʒ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Affricates, aspirated | |||
| || '''*tsh''' [tsʰ] || '''*tch''' [tʃʰ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Fricatives, voiceless | |||
| || '''*s''' || '''*š''' [ʃ] || || || '''*h''' | |||
|- | |||
| Fricatives, voiced | |||
| || '''*z''' || '''*ž''' [ʒ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Nasals | |||
| '''*m''' || '''*n''' || || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Liquids | |||
| || '''*l,*r''' || || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Glides | |||
| '''*w''' || || || '''*j''' || || | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
'''a''' /a/, '''ae''' /ɛ/, '''ai''' /aj/, '''ao''' /aw/, '''aw''' /ɔ/, '''e''', '''i''', '''o''', '''u''', '''y''' /ə/ | |||
==Sound Changes== | |||
| Line 24: | Line 70: | ||
a: > 3a | a: > 3a | ||
e: > | e: > ɛ | ||
i: > ji | i: > ji | ||
o: > | o: > ɔ | ||
u: > wu | u: > wu | ||
Revision as of 04:12, 2 June 2005
A Noric language.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
| Stops, voiceless | *p | *t | *k | *q [ʔ] | ||
| Stops, voiced | *b | *d | *g | |||
| Stops, aspirated | *ph [pʰ] | *th [tʰ] | *kh [kʰ] | |||
| Affricates, voiceless | *c [ts] | *č [tʃ] | ||||
| Affricates, voiced | *dz | *dž [dʒ] | ||||
| Affricates, aspirated | *tsh [tsʰ] | *tch [tʃʰ] | ||||
| Fricatives, voiceless | *s | *š [ʃ] | *h | |||
| Fricatives, voiced | *z | *ž [ʒ] | ||||
| Nasals | *m | *n | ||||
| Liquids | *l,*r | |||||
| Glides | *w | *j |
Vowels
a /a/, ae /ɛ/, ai /aj/, ao /aw/, aw /ɔ/, e, i, o, u, y /ə/
Sound Changes
Before stress:
a: > aa
e > ai
e: > aai
o > au
o: > aau
aa > a3
On or after stress:
a: > 3a
e: > ɛ
i: > ji
o: > ɔ
u: > wu
Anywhere:
3h > 3
_h3 > 0
3C > C3
33 > 3
? > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / # _ {V,R}
R > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / R _ R
The symbol "3" becomes the location of the pitch accent. Syllables before the accent are low tone, syllables including and after the accent are high tone.
âêîôû
áéíóú
čšž
Some words, including a new romanization:
`wîlô > wjiláu (More work required here for sure) > wyjláo (?)
`âdâ > áda
qê`na > daina
iw`ka > iwka > üka
`qotse > doce
`wûdxa > wwúdxa > wúdža (?)
tsha:'xo > ts_ha3Zo > ts_haZ3o > tsha_L.Zo_H |c'ažó|
'qu:tsy > ?wuts)1 > bwuts)_L |bwuc|
'a:nru: > 3anrwu > 3andwu > an_H.dwu_H |ándwu| (syllable break position?)
e:'he > a3ihe > a_M.i_H.he_M > aj_R.he_H |ǎihe|
'a:re > 3are > a_H.re_H |áre|
qa'tca > ?atSa > da_LtSa_L |dača|
o:'na > a3una > |ǎona| /aw_R.na_H/
aw'ku > awku > |aoku| /aw_L.ku_L/
'a:ko: > 3akO > |ákaw| /a_H.kO_H/
qa:'da: > ?a3d3a > dad3a > |dadá| /da_L.da_H/
