Halcánian dialect: Difference between revisions
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<td> | <td> | ||
<td>- | <td>- | ||
<td> | <td>abudä | ||
<td>house | <td>house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-at | <td>-at | ||
<td>of | <td>of | ||
<td> | <td>abudäat | ||
<td>of (a) house | <td>of (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>- an | <td>- an | ||
<td>- | <td>- | ||
<td> | <td>abudäan | ||
<td>house (as an object) | <td>house (as an object) | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-(a)sa | <td>-(a)sa | ||
<td>in | <td>in | ||
<td> | <td>abudäasa | ||
<td>in (a) house | <td>in (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-(a)sta | <td>-(a)sta | ||
<td>from (inside) | <td>from (inside) | ||
<td> | <td>abudäasta | ||
<td>from (a) house | <td>from (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-en | <td>-en | ||
<td>into | <td>into | ||
<td> | <td>abudäen | ||
<td>into (a) house | <td>into (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-la | <td>-la | ||
<td>at, on | <td>at, on | ||
<td> | <td>abudäla | ||
<td>at (a) house | <td>at (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-(a)lta | <td>-(a)lta | ||
<td>from | <td>from | ||
<td> | <td>abudäalta | ||
<td>from (a) house | <td>from (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-(a)le | <td>-(a)le | ||
<td>to | <td>to | ||
<td> | <td>abudäale | ||
<td>to (a) house | <td>to (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-(a)na | <td>-(a)na | ||
<td>as | <td>as | ||
<td> | <td>abudäana | ||
<td>as a house | <td>as a house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-(a)csi | <td>-(a)csi | ||
<td>to (role of) | <td>to (role of) | ||
<td> | <td>abudäacsi | ||
<td>to a house | <td>to a house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-in | <td>-in | ||
<td>with (the aid of) | <td>with (the aid of) | ||
<td> | <td>abudäin | ||
<td>with (a) house | <td>with (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-ata | <td>-ata | ||
<td>without | <td>without | ||
<td> | <td>abudäata | ||
<td>without (a) house | <td>without (a) house | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>-ane | <td>-ane | ||
<td>together (with) | <td>together (with) | ||
<td> | <td>abudäane | ||
<td>with my house(s) | <td>with my house(s) | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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The main differences are: | The main differences are: | ||
'''ö''' is written as ''' | '''ö''' is written as '''u''' | ||
'''é''' is written as '''ee''' | '''é''' is written as '''ee''' | ||
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'''kk'''-the way to voice this is to pronounce the first '''k''' hard, the second is voiced like the English '''Y''' in ''yacht'' or the soft '''J''' in the German ''Javol'' or ''Ja''. One has to be careful of spelling traps too, for example the Halcarnian word for a thin, summer jacket is '''hakan''', but the same word spelled '''hakkan''' means ''peace'' or ''serenity''. Here are some examples in Standard and Halcarnian respectively: | '''kk'''-the way to voice this is to pronounce the first '''k''' hard, the second is voiced like the English '''Y''' in ''yacht'' or the soft '''J''' in the German ''Javol'' or ''Ja''. One has to be careful of spelling traps too, for example the Halcarnian word for a thin, summer jacket is '''hakan''', but the same word spelled '''hakkan''' means ''peace'' or ''serenity''. Here are some examples in Standard and Halcarnian respectively: | ||
* '''strömi, | * '''strömi, strumi'''-hot | ||
* '''vélø, veelok'''-cold | * '''vélø, veelok'''-cold | ||
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* '''iáda, iaada'''-today | * '''iáda, iaada'''-today | ||
* '''alsalöátsi, | * '''alsalöátsi, alsaluaatsi'''-fanatic | ||
* '''eÞöa, | * '''eÞöa, ettua'''-some | ||
* '''hemørämös, | * '''hemørämös, hemokrämus'''-forgiveness | ||
The Halcarnian case system makes it difficult for speakers of of Indo-European languages to grasp-especially if you're used to using prepositions to place a noun. Thankfully, this case system doesn't extend into the articles '''a''' and '''the''' as in German. In fact, the absence of the definate article '''the''' automatically renders '''a''': | The Halcarnian case system makes it difficult for speakers of of Indo-European languages to grasp-especially if you're used to using prepositions to place a noun. Thankfully, this case system doesn't extend into the articles '''a''' and '''the''' as in German. In fact, the absence of the definate article '''the''' automatically renders '''a''': | ||
''' | '''Danutt abudä.''' ''There is '''a''' house''. but: | ||
''' | '''Danutt di abudä.''' ''There is '''the''' house''. | ||
Not all prepositions in Halcarnian are noun markers; those such as: ''between, against'', and prepositional phrases such as, ''inspite of, contrary to, in aid of, in respect of,'' etc are all rendered as standard Dalcurian (with spelling changes). | Not all prepositions in Halcarnian are noun markers; those such as: ''between, against'', and prepositional phrases such as, ''inspite of, contrary to, in aid of, in respect of,'' etc are all rendered as standard Dalcurian (with spelling changes). | ||
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Generally, Halcarnian word order is SVO, though for emphasis it can change to OSV: | Generally, Halcarnian word order is SVO, though for emphasis it can change to OSV: | ||
'''Minä goria | '''Minä goria abudäen.''' ''I'm going into a house.'' but for emphasis: | ||
''' | ''' Abudäen minä goria!''' '' It's a HOUSE I'm going into!'' | ||
Revision as of 09:56, 9 November 2007
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Page currently undergoing information additions
The Halcarnian dialect, also known as: Söemi'Dal'qörian (Finno-Dalcurian) and Gerödn'qonvetarämös (lit: under speech-an unfavourable term and offensive to Halcarnians), has several differences between itself and 'Dal'qöriádn-Standard Dalcurian'. These include:
- Noun cases/markers
- Spelling, pronunciation and word differences
- Pronouns
- Modal expressivness
- Possesive structure
- Word order
Here are brief descriptions of those differences.
Noun Cases and markers
| Finno-dalcurian (Halcarnian) cases | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| case | suffix | English prep. | example | translation |
| Grammatical | ||||
| nominative | - | abudä | house | |
| genitive | -at | of | abudäat | of (a) house |
| accusative | - an | - | abudäan | house (as an object) |
| Locative (internal) | ||||
| Inessive | -(a)sa | in | abudäasa | in (a) house |
| Elative | -(a)sta | from (inside) | abudäasta | from (a) house |
| Illative | -en | into | abudäen | into (a) house |
| Locative (external) | ||||
| Adessive | -la | at, on | abudäla | at (a) house |
| Ablative | -(a)lta | from | abudäalta | from (a) house |
| Allative | -(a)le | to | abudäale | to (a) house |
| Marginal | ||||
| Essive | -(a)na | as | abudäana | as a house |
| Translative | -(a)csi | to (role of) | abudäacsi | to a house |
| Instructive | -in | with (the aid of) | abudäin | with (a) house |
| Abessive | -ata | without | abudäata | without (a) house |
| Comitative | -ane | together (with) | abudäane | with my house(s) |
Spelling/pronunciation
The main differences are:
ö is written as u
é is written as ee
á is written as aa
ø is written as ok but pronounced hard as in lock
c is replaced with k and pronounced hard
Þ is replaced with tt but pronounced the same
kk-the way to voice this is to pronounce the first k hard, the second is voiced like the English Y in yacht or the soft J in the German Javol or Ja. One has to be careful of spelling traps too, for example the Halcarnian word for a thin, summer jacket is hakan, but the same word spelled hakkan means peace or serenity. Here are some examples in Standard and Halcarnian respectively:
- strömi, strumi-hot
- vélø, veelok-cold
- iáda, iaada-today
- alsalöátsi, alsaluaatsi-fanatic
- eÞöa, ettua-some
- hemørämös, hemokrämus-forgiveness
The Halcarnian case system makes it difficult for speakers of of Indo-European languages to grasp-especially if you're used to using prepositions to place a noun. Thankfully, this case system doesn't extend into the articles a and the as in German. In fact, the absence of the definate article the automatically renders a:
Danutt abudä. There is a house. but:
Danutt di abudä. There is the house.
Not all prepositions in Halcarnian are noun markers; those such as: between, against, and prepositional phrases such as, inspite of, contrary to, in aid of, in respect of, etc are all rendered as standard Dalcurian (with spelling changes).
Word order
Generally, Halcarnian word order is SVO, though for emphasis it can change to OSV:
Minä goria abudäen. I'm going into a house. but for emphasis:
Abudäen minä goria! It's a HOUSE I'm going into!
