Dal'qörian personal pronouns: Difference between revisions
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* '''éren voltir ni didérämös'''. ''They want a drink.'' | * '''éren voltir ni didérämös'''. ''They want a drink.'' | ||
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'''Accusative (direct object) pronouns''' | |||
The ''accusative'' pronoun is the 'object' of the sentence or the thing that is affected by the action of the verb: | |||
* I asked '''him'''. | |||
''' | * She gave '''her''' the book. | ||
''' | * They told '''us''' to go-away! | ||
The dal'qörian accusative (or objective) pronouns are: | |||
{| border="1" | |||
|+ | |||
|- | |||
| '''binöra''' | |||
| ''me/myself'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''diöra''' | |||
| ''you/yourself'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''mæöra''' | |||
| ''him/himself'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''siöra''' | |||
| ''her/herself'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''érenöra''' | |||
| ''them/themselves'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''tiÞöra''' | |||
| ''it/itself'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''ménöra''' | |||
| ''us/ourselves'' | |||
|} | |||
NOTE 1: Unlike in English, the accusative personal pronouns you (pl & sing) and it are not the same as the nominative. | |||
'''Dative (indirect object) pronouns''' | '''Dative (indirect object) pronouns''' | ||
Revision as of 02:28, 11 January 2007
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Personal pronouns refer to people or things.
Nominative (subject) pronouns
The dal’qörian nominative personal pronouns (the subject of the sentence or clause) are:
| binä | I/I am |
| diö | you/you are |
| mæ | he/he is |
| sia | she/she is |
| éren | they/they |
| tiÞ | it/it is |
| ména | we/we are |
There are also two impersonal pronouns in dal'qörian: minä-you/one and minäla-they, and these are used when referring to people in general, the subjunctive mood, and to equate the use of the passive tense in English (see Verbs):
- am iáda, minä näocr nörasägrax dal'qörian! One cannot learn dal'qörian in a day!
- minäla gä’escanostr di abödä,, qösra tiÞ gé’stæméras. The house was demolished because it was dangerous. (lit: They demolished the house, because it was unsafe).
As you can see, the subject pronouns can also carry the present tense inflections of the verb to be: am, are, is. In dal'qörian, one can assume that am/are/is can always be taken as read when a noun or pronoun is:
ː Followed by a present participle (a verb with the ia inflection)
ːFollowed by an uninflected adjective (including modifying words such as very/extremely)
am/are/is are not to be taken as read when a noun or pronoun is:
ː Followed by a modal verb (see Verbs-Modals)
ːFollowed by the infinitive of a verb (a verb that ends in r)
ːFollowed by the imperfect and perfect past tense of a verb
ːFollowed by an inflected adjective
examples:
- binä göria nöra. I am going now.
- di gadörajel tädø. The dogs are tired.
- dörac iáda, ména gä’vecsár! We argued all day!
- öcra tirimiÞ, sia gé’námaroqu disiri. She was very depressed for a long time.
- iáda, Gáré recévria ni Bemöa. Gary is getting a BMW today.
- stæ’irønet, vonéri sol, eviár binä abödä. I rarely get home before 6.
- éren voltir ni didérämös. They want a drink.
Accusative (direct object) pronouns
The accusative pronoun is the 'object' of the sentence or the thing that is affected by the action of the verb:
- I asked him.
- She gave her the book.
- They told us to go-away!
The dal'qörian accusative (or objective) pronouns are:
| binöra | me/myself |
| diöra | you/yourself |
| mæöra | him/himself |
| siöra | her/herself |
| érenöra | them/themselves |
| tiÞöra | it/itself |
| ménöra | us/ourselves |
NOTE 1: Unlike in English, the accusative personal pronouns you (pl & sing) and it are not the same as the nominative.
Dative (indirect object) pronouns
