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Qanao language/Messy: Difference between revisions

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==Conjugation==
==Conjugation==
 
===Bases===
{| style="text-align: center; margin: auto; border: 1px solid #88a; border-collapse: collapse;  background: #f7f8ff;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| style="text-align: center; margin: auto; border: 1px solid #88a; border-collapse: collapse;  background: #f7f8ff;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|- style="background: #ccf;"
|- style="background: #ccf;"
! colspan="2" |  
! colspan="3" | Base
! Past
! 1
! Hypo.
! 2
! Present
! 3
! Forever
! 4
! Future
! 5
! Irrealis
! 6
|-
|- style="background: #ccf;"
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" rowspan="2" | Indicative
!  
| style="background: #ccf;"| vb.
! Type
| rowspan="2" | -i(d)
! Base
| rowspan="2" | -í(b)
! Cont'v.
| rowspan="2" | -a(r)
! Medial
| rowspan="2" | -á(d)
! Terminal
| rowspan="2" | -ja(r)
! Inf'v.
| rowspan="2" | -já(b)
! Adv.
|-
! Adj.
| style="background: #ccf;"| adj.
|-
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" rowspan="3" | Qualitative
| style="background: #ccf;"| n.
| rowspan="2" | -i-i(d)
| rowspan="2" | -i-í(b)
| rowspan="2" | -i-a(r)
| rowspan="2" | -i-á(d)
| rowspan="2" | -i-ja(r)
| rowspan="2" | -i-já(b)
|-
| style="background: #ccf;"| vb.
|-
| style="background: #ccf;"| adj.
| -ti(d)
| -tí(b)
| -ta(r)
| -tá(d)
| -ťja(r)
| -ťjá(b)
|-
|-
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" rowspan="3" | Generic
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" | Present
| style="background: #ccf;"| n.
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr.
| -pi(d)
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr-1
| -pi(b)
| a
| -pa(r)
| ar
| -pá(d)
| a
| -pja(r)
| -
| -pjá(b)
| air
| ar
|-
|-
| style="background: #ccf;"| vb.
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" | Past
| rowspan="2" | -φi(d)
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr.
| rowspan="2" | -φi(b)
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr-1
| rowspan="2" | -φa(r)
| i
| rowspan="2" | -φá(d)
| id
| rowspan="2" | -φja(r)
| i
| rowspan="2" | -φjá(b)
| -
| ir
| id
|-
|-
| style="background: #ccf;"| adj.
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" | Tenseless
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr.
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr-1
| á
| ám
| á
| -
| ár
| ám
|-
|-
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" rowspan="3" | Generic qualitative
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" | Future
| style="background: #ccf;"| n.
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr.
| rowspan="2" | -i-φi(d)
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr-1
| rowspan="2" | -i-φi(b)
| ja
| rowspan="2" | -i-φa(r)
| jav
| rowspan="2" | -i-φá(d)
| ja
| rowspan="2" | -i-φja(r)
| -
| rowspan="2" | -i-φjá(b)
| jair
| jav
|-
|-
| style="background: #ccf;"| vb.
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" | Irrealis
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr.
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr-1
| já
| jáh
| já
| -
| jár
| jáv
|-
|-
| style="background: #ccf;"| adj.
! style="background: #ccf; text-align: right;" | Counterfactual
| style="background: #ccf;"| adj.
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr.
| -itφi(d)
| style="background: #ccf;" | pr-1
| -itφí(b)
| í
| -itφa(r)
| íf
| -itφá(d)
| í
| -itφja(r)
| -
| -itφjá(b)
| ír
| íf
|}
|}


Revision as of 02:26, 20 February 2005

The Qanao language (Qanao: classical: qana'öžjinaet [qanaʔo.ʒ̞jɪnaət]) is an in-progress conlang.

Phonology

Consonants

p t ť k q `
p t c k q ʔ
b d ď g
mb nd ɲɟ ŋg
m n ň ŋ γ
m n ɲ ŋ ɴ
φ c č
pɸ ʦ ʧ
f s š h
ɸʰ sʰ ʃʰ h
v z ž
β̞ z̞ ʒ̞
w r ř y
w ɹ ɹʲ ʔj
l ľ
l ʎ

Vowels

i í ji jí e u ú wu wú
i i: ʲjɪ ʲji: ə u u: ʷʊ ʷu:
a á ja já ö o ó wo wó
a a: ʲja ʲja: o ɔ ɔ: ʷɔ ʷɔ:
  • Final o is realised as [o].

Vulgar pronunciation

  • ji [ʲjɪ] → [ʲe]
  • jí [ʲji:] → [ʲe:]
  • e [ə] → [ɪ] after front vowels, [ʊ] after back vowels.
  • u [u] → [ɯ]
  • ú [u] → [ɯ:]
  • wu [ʷʊ] → [u]
  • wú [ʷu:] → [u:]
  • ja [ʲja] → [ʲæ] ~ [ʲɛ]
  • já [ʲja:] → [ʲæ:] ~ [ʲɛ:]
  • ó [ɔ:] → [o:]
  • wó [ʷɔ:] → [ʷo:]
  • i* [i*] → [j*:]
  • ui [ui] → [yi]
  • ue [uə] → [yʊ]
  • wui [ʷʊi] → [ʷi]
  • wue [ʷʊə] → [ʷu]

TODO: Consonants

Reformed vulgar orthography

  • ji → e
  • jí → é
  • e → j / w
  • wu → ü
  • wú → û
  • ja → ä
  • já → â
  • i* → j´
  • ui → üi
  • ue → üw
  • wui → wi
  • wue → wu

Grammar

Inflection

Infixes

Classifiers

  • xax - (n1) general: qanae` "Qanae"; patuek "tree"; zael "water"
  • xjax - (n2) living things: qjanae` "Qjanae"
  • xáx - (n3) permanent things: ázael "ocean"; ápatuek "forest"
  • xox - (n4) static objects: noet "writing"
  • xjix - (n5) transcendecent: žjinaet "language"; yiôsúer "universe"; kjimi "world"
  • xix - (adj) qualities: niet "to be happy"; iôkiem "to be universal"
  • xux - (vt) transitive actions: numúet "to cause to die"; muziel "to make clear, to declare"
  • xúx - (vi) intransitive actions: múet "to die"; fúzael "to rain"
  • x.ex - (n) vocative; (adj) qualitative vocative (common); (vb) infinitive vocative
  • x.ix - (n, adj, vb) qualitative vocative / stem
  • x.jix - (n, adj, vb) qualitative degree vocative / stem
  • x.ux - (n, adj, vb) infinitive vocative / stem

Suffixes

Sentence-terminal

  • -a - (n) identitative indicative present imperfect; (adj) qualitative indicative present imperfect; (vb) indicative present imperfect
  • -ja - (n) identitative indicative future imperfect; (adj) qualitative indicative future imperfect; (vb) indicative future imperfect

Word-terminal

  • -ir - qualitative noun-modifier
  • -uir - qualitative verb-modifier

Continuative

  • -ö- - (n) genitive
  • -i- - (n, adj, vb) qualitative modifier

Conjugation

Bases

Base 1 2 3 4 5 6
  Type Base Cont'v. Medial Terminal Inf'v. Adv. Adj.
Present pr. pr-1 a ar a - air ar
Past pr. pr-1 i id i - ir id
Tenseless pr. pr-1 á ám á - ár ám
Future pr. pr-1 ja jav ja - jair jav
Irrealis pr. pr-1 já jáh já - jár jáv
Counterfactual pr. pr-1 í íf í - ír íf

Miscellaneous

C: kómulnumútbö'ómúniťja

  • kó (hon. / 2nd person) +
  • mul (3rd person + acc.) +
  • nu "to cause" (tr. prefix) +
  • mút "to die" (intr. stem) +
  • bô (cond. cont.) +
  • 'ö (hum. / 1st person) +
  • mú "to become" (intr. prefix) +
  • niťja "to be happy" (adj. ind. future)

~ "I will become happy if you cause him to die." ~ "I will be happy if you kill him." ~ "Please kill him."

"Universal declaration of human rights" ~ C: ňja'imanöpjinirö'iökimimuziel

  • ňja'i "person" (liv. + qual. mod.) +
  • manö "living thing" (n. gen. cont.) +
  • pji "things that are always" (transc. prefix) +
  • nirö "to be permitted" (qual. gen. cont.) +
  • 'iö "all" (adj. cont'v. prefix) +
  • kimi "global" (adj. mod.) +
  • mu "to cause to become" (tr. prefix) +
  • ziel "to be clear" (adj. inf. voc.)

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

C: ir ňja'imaen múguirľjaq pjinirľjaq liruiq iösimuiq múfúrá.

  • ir "all" (adj. mod. word)
  • ňja'imaen "human being" (voc., topic)
    • ňja'i "person-like" (liv. qual. mod.)
    • maen "thing" (n. voc., topic)
  • múfúrá "to be born" (intr. vb. + ind. aorist)
    • mú "to cause" (intr. prefix)
    • fúrá "to exist/live" (intr. ind. aorist)
  • liruiq "free" (adv. mod. word + concat.)
  • iösimuiq "equal" (adv. mod. word + concat.)
    • iö "all" (adj. cont'v. prefix)
    • simui "to be similar" (adj. adv. mod. cont.)
    • q (concat.)
  • múguirľjaq "respect" (intr.-erg. + concat.)
    • mú "to cause" (intr. prefix)
    • guirľja "to raise" (tr. qual. intr.-erg. cont.)
    • q (concat.)
  • pjinirľjaq "right" (intr.-erg. + concat.)
    • pji "things that are always" (transc. prefix)
    • nirľja "to be permitted" (qual. intr.-erg. cont.)
    • q (concat.)

C: dirikö'úmliq liöqjatliq qóqútötúdár

  • dirikö'úimliq "ability to think logically" (tr.-acc. + concat.)
    • di "to be able" (adj. prefix)
    • rikö "to be logical" (qual. cont.)
    • úimľji "to think" (intr. qual. tr.-acc. cont.)
    • q (concat.)
  • liöqjatliq "conscience" (tr.-acc. + concat.)
    • liö "good" (adj. cont'v. prefix)
    • qjatľji "heart" (liv. tr.-acc. cont.)
    • q (concat.)
  • qóqutötúdár "received (from Designer)" (intr. vb. + ind. aorist cont.)
    • qó (respective prefix)
    • qutö "to lower" (tr. cont.)
    • túdár "to receive" (intr. vb. + ind. aorist cont.)

~ much more to do

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