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| ### Time is measured in generations, epochs, weathering of stone, growth cycles of ultra-slow plants | | ### Time is measured in generations, epochs, weathering of stone, growth cycles of ultra-slow plants |
|
| |
|
| == Conworlding ==
| | {{See also|Ɬiʔa/Conworlding}} |
| === Star ===
| |
| Our star is a red-dwarf.
| |
| # Type: M5V
| |
| ## M: This indicates it's a cool, red star with a surface temperature less than 3,500ºK
| |
| ## 5: Within the M class, stars are further divided into subclasses 0-9, with 0 being the hottest and 9 the coolest. An M5 star is in the middle of this range.
| |
| ## V: Denotes that it's a main sequence star, also known as a dwarf star
| |
| # Stellar luminosity (L*) ≈ 0.01 𝐿⊙
| |
| # Stellar mass (M*) ≈ 0.2 𝑀⊙
| |
| # Stellar radius (R*) ≈ 0.25 𝑅⊙
| |
| # Effective temperature (T*) ≈ 3000 K
| |
| The habitable zone (a) is about square root of L* over L⊙, so ~0.1 AU.
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Solar System ====
| |
| There are seven planets in the system
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| ! Planet !! Mass (M🜨)!! Radius (R🜨)!! Period (d) !!Resonance !! Semi-Major Axis (AU)!! Rings !! Moons !! Period !! Size
| |
| |-
| |
| | b || 1.2 || 1.1 || 11.3 || 2:3 with c || 0.074 || No || No || 6 || 13.6'
| |
| |-
| |
| | c || 1.5 ||1.225 || 17.0 || — ||0.100 || No || No || 26 || -
| |
| |-
| |
| | d || 2.0 ||1.4 || 25.5 || 2:3 with c ||0.13 || No || No || 38 || 13.1'
| |
| |-
| |
| | e || 0.9 || 1.0 || 34.0 || 3:4 with d ||0.17 || No || No || 57 || 4.1'
| |
| |-
| |
| | f || 3.5 || 2.0 || 45.3 || 3:4 with e ||0.225 || Yes || Junk || 87 || 4.7'
| |
| |-
| |
| | g || 1.0 || 1.1 || 70.0 || 2:3 with f ||0.40 || Yes || Junk || 206 || 1.1'
| |
| |-
| |
| | h || 5.0 || 2.3 || 210.0 ||1:3 with g ||1.5 || OMG || OMG || 1500 || 0.5'
| |
| |}
| |
| ; b : b is a Mercury, tidally locked and very hard ~500ºK. Rocky
| |
|
| |
| === Planet ===
| |
| Orbital period squared = 4 pi-squared times a-cubed over (G times M*). For us that is 10.3 days. Assuming tidal locking (as is common for planets at this distance), the rotation period is the same. If it were an Earth-like planet, we could calculate the global average, using the effective temperature approximation.
| |
| * For our planet, assuming an albedo of 0.3 (Earth's), we get 223ºK
| |
| * Assuming an albedo of 0.2, we get 263
| |
| * For an albedo of 0.1, we get 271
| |
| With a modest greenhouse effect, surface temperatures could rise.
| |
| # Mass: 1.5M⊕
| |
| # Gravity: 1g⊕
| |
| # Radius = 1.225⊕, or 7805km
| |
| The area of the terminator is hard to predict
| |
| # +/-10º Guess: 4.253 E 13 m^2, 4.253E7km^2 (much bigger than Africa)
| |
| # +/-30º Guess: 1.28 E8 km^2 (slightly less than the land of the Earth)
| |
| The thicker the atmosphere, the thicker the band.
| |
| # Escape velocity is 12.4km/s, 11% higher than Earth
| |
| # Orbital velocity is 8.79km/s
| |
| ==== Atmosphere ====
| |
| Water content is low becaue
| |
| * Water vapor is a potent greenhouse gas; vast surface water can trap too much heat, especially near the substellar point.
| |
| * Water leads to climate homogenization
| |
| * Lack of exposed silicate rock: Necessary for carbon-silicate weathering feedback, which stabilizes climate on geological timescales.
| |
| Earth has ~1.4 billion km³ of water. In our habitable zone, we have no more than 10% of that, or 100 million km³.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| ! Factor !! Ɬiʔa atm !! Ɬiʔa % !! Earth atm !! Earth % !! Notes
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Total Pressure
| |
| | 1.6 atm || || 1.0 atm || || Enhanced convective heat transfer, increased IR trapping
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Nitrogen (N₂)
| |
| | 1.00 || 62.50% || 0.7808 || 78.08% || Reduced; still inert, still dominant
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Oxygen (O₂)
| |
| | 0.21 || 13.13% || 0.2095 || 20.95% || Earth-normal partial pressure
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Argon (Ar)
| |
| | 0.40 || 25.00% || 0.0093 || 0.93% || Major heat distribution enhancement, inert
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Krypton + Xenon
| |
| | 0.005 || 0.31% || trace || trace || High molecular mass → improved heat retention, still safe
| |
| |-
| |
| ! CO₂
| |
| | 0.005 || 0.31% || 0.004 || 0.04% || slighly elevated; sub-greenhouse threshold
| |
| |-
| |
| ! H₂O vapor
| |
| | 0.015 || ~1% || || 0-4% || Maintains greenhouse without excess moisture
| |
| |}
| |
| ===== Atmospheric Effects on Clouds =====
| |
| # Increased Pressure (1.6 atm) compresses gases, raising the dew point at which water vapor condenses. Cloudsform closer to the surface, and are denser than similar altitudes compared to Earth.
| |
| # Low Water Inventory (10% of Earth's): There will be less frequent and less massive cloud systems than on Earth, but still present—especially over "hotspots" on the day side.
| |
| # Tidally Locked Climate: Cloud formation concentrate along the substellar point, where warm, moist air rises and cools.
| |
| #* A permanent “eyewall” storm system has formed at the subsolar point, like a giant hurricane.
| |
| #* As air rises and is advected to the night side, thin cloud bands or ice hazes form as it descends and cools.
| |
|
| |
| Appearance:
| |
| * The presence of noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe) and higher pressure enhance Mie scattering, making clouds appear whiter and more silvered, especially at sunrise/sunset boundaries.
| |
| * Night side clouds are thin, high-altitude icy sheets, glowing faintly in aurorae or thermal emissions.
| |
|
| |
| ===== Sky Color =====
| |
| The color of the sky is shaped by Rayleigh scattering, which depends on:
| |
| # Molecular composition: Heavier gases like Ar, Kr, and Xe scatter light less efficiently than N₂.
| |
| # Spectral output of the star: the red dwarf emits predominantly infrared and red light, with very little blue or violet.
| |
|
| |
| Consequence:
| |
| * Even with atmospheric scattering, there is insufficient blue light in the stellar spectrum to produce a blue sky.
| |
| * Day sky would likely appear:
| |
| ** Dark peach, dusky rose, or reddish beige near zenith,
| |
| ** Grading to deep salmon or mauve near the horizon,
| |
| ** A slight metallic sheen due to noble gas content and high pressure.
| |
|
| |
| Twilight & Limb Scattering:
| |
| * The terminator (twilight zone) sees a diffuse, ruddy light, scattering through haze and clouds into luminous reds, purples, and copper tones.
| |
| * Aurorae are spectacular on the night side, especially since stellar flares are frequent.
| |
|
| |
| ===== Sound Propagation =====
| |
| : ''Sound is profoundly affected by atmospheric pressure and composition.''
| |
|
| |
| Compared to Earth:
| |
| * Higher pressure → greater air density → faster transmission of sound and less attenuation.
| |
| * Argon and Xenon are heavy gases, which:
| |
| ** Lower the speed of sound relative to air at the same pressure (despite the pressure increase).
| |
| ** Shift resonance frequencies downward, resulting in deeper, rounder sounds.
| |
|
| |
| Consequences:
| |
| * Voices sound subtly lower-pitched and richer, especially for consonants and low vowels.
| |
| * Ambient sounds (wind, water, animals) would carry farther and sound more muffled or sonorous.
| |
| * Music or speech would resonate more warmly, especially indoors or in enclosed spaces.
| |
|
| |
| In short: it sounds like it’s wrapped in velvet.
| |
|
| |
| ===== Heat Transport to the Night Side =====
| |
| Mechanisms:
| |
| # Thick Atmosphere (1.6 atm) increases:
| |
| #* Advection efficiency: Warm air masses can move more heat horizontally.
| |
| #* Radiative time constant: The atmosphere holds heat longer before releasing it.
| |
| # Noble Gases (especially Kr/Xe):
| |
| #* High molecular mass → more IR opacity → trapping and radiating heat more evenly.
| |
| # Slow Rotation / Tidal Locking:
| |
| #* Global Hadley-like cells may dominate circulation, carrying warm air from the day side to the night side and descending it there.
| |
|
| |
| Result:
| |
| * The night side is not freezing. Temperatures differ by tens of degrees, not hundreds.
| |
| * There are still ice caps and a cold deserts at the anti-stellar point, but not a glaciated wasteland.
| |
|
| |
| ==== Magnetosphere ====
| |
| * Larger mass --> larger iron core, generating more internal heat
| |
| * Larger radius --> Vigorous convection in the core
| |
| * Tidal Flexing --> still drives magnetic activity
| |
|
| |
| # Aurorae at lower latitudes
| |
| ## higher magnetic rigidity, wider magnetotail, and greater reconnection energy.
| |
| ## Combined with a higher flux of stellar particles, this means:
| |
| ### Auroral ovals expand, reaching mid-latitudes sometimes equator.
| |
| ### The skies are alive with rippling green, violet, and crimson aurorae, especially on the night side.
| |
| ### Daily auroral activity occur during stellar flare cycles.
| |
| # Compasses
| |
| ## compasses respond more sharply, with:
| |
| ### Faster alignment.
| |
| ### Greater resistance to local perturbations.
| |
| ## However, frequent magnetic storms from stellar activity cause sudden declinations, reversals, or local anomalies. In short, lots of aurorae equals dead compasses at the same time.
| |
| # Magnetic Field Strength > 100 μT
| |
| # Electromagnetism is more basic than chemistry or almost any other natural philosophy
| |
|
| |
| ==== Substellar Point ====
| |
| The maximum incoming flux is very nearly the same as Earth's solar constant (≈1361 W/m²), but concentrated over one point rather than averaged over a rotating sphere. Temperatures should be above 500ºK most of the time.
| |
|
| |
| The magnetic north is also here, The thick atmosphere prevents too much loss here, but
| |
| * Charged particle influx
| |
| ** Maximized at the substellar point—intense auroral and energetic particle precipitation
| |
| * Atmospheric ionization
| |
| ** Constant production of high-energy ions and NOx compounds—possible UV fluorescence in upper sky
| |
| * Localized heating
| |
| ** Augments already extreme temperatures—600–700 K surface possible
| |
|
| |
| === Artificially Tethered Moon ===
| |
| * 670,000 km up
| |
| * 7805 km in radius = same as the planet
| |
| * 1.33º of the sky, same as the sun
| |
|
| |
| A network of tethers/tension lines from the moon to multiple anchor points on the planet’s surface (a tripod or hexapod structure), woven like hair
| |
| * Uses active tension management and orbital station-keeping to stabilize the moon
| |
| * Counterweights and inward-pointing mass drivers on the moon to oppose drift
| |
|
| |
| The tethers are not bearing the full weight, but merely damping drift, providing restoring force, and enabling long-term stability through active compensation. The moon
| |
| * Blocks the worst of the heat
| |
| * Blocks the worst of the solar radiation
| |
| The moon has
| |
| * low mass
| |
| * high albedo - enormous reflectivity
| |
| * scatters charges particles, UV, X-rays, auroral flux tubes
| |
| * sunward - crazy hot, high emissivity
| |
| * earthward - crazy cool, low emissivity
| |
| == Morphology == | | == Morphology == |
| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
