User:Ahzoh: Difference between revisions
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| Line 359: | Line 359: | ||
{| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="more ▼" data-collapsetext="less ▲" style="text-align: center;" | {| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="more ▼" data-collapsetext="less ▲" style="text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan=" | ! colspan="7" style="background-color:#dedede; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 19em;" | Conjugation (strong, a-class) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="7" style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | '''P-R-Ḫ''' (speak, say) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | Infinitive | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | Infinitive | ||
| Line 382: | Line 382: | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Commissive | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Commissive | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Counterfactual | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Counterfactual | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Jussive | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Long Jussive | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff; width: 7em;" | Short Jussive | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 1.sg | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 1.sg | ||
| Line 390: | Line 391: | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫni'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫni'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫanni'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫanni'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''--'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 2.sg | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 2.sg | ||
| Line 397: | Line 399: | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫma'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫma'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫamma'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫamma'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫū'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 3.sg | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 3.sg | ||
| Line 404: | Line 407: | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫta'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫta'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫatta'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫatta'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫā'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 1.pl | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 1.pl | ||
| Line 411: | Line 415: | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫti'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫti'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫatti'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫatti'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''--'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 2.pl | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 2.pl | ||
| Line 418: | Line 423: | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫman'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫman'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫamman'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫamman'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫūna'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 3.pl | ! style="background-color:#cdcdcd; border:3px solid #ffffff;" | 3.pl | ||
| Line 425: | Line 431: | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫtan'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''yapraḫtan'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫattan'' | | style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫattan'' | ||
| style="border:3px solid #ffffff;" | ''parḫāna'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 11:29, 25 August 2024
Creator of Vrkhazhian, Onschen and Hussite
𞤹𞤸𞤪
WIP Vrkhazhian Case System
| Animate | Inanimate | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feminine | Masculine | Neuter | |||||||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | ||
| Nominative | -um | -ūwa | -im | -īya | -am | -āya | -as | -āya | |
| Vocative | -u | -i | -a | ||||||
| Accusative | -us | -ūsa | -is | -īsa | -as | -āsa | |||
| Ergative | -un | -ūna | -in | -īna | -an | -āna | -an | -āna | |
| Genitive | -uḫ | -ūwa | -iḫ | -īya | -aḫ | -āya | -aḫ | -āya | |
| Locative | -ūti | -īti | -āti | -āti | |||||
| Equative | -ūli | -īli | -āli | -āli | |||||
| Animate | Inanimate | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feminine | Masculine | Neuter | |||||||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | ||
| Nominative | -∅ | -ū | -∅ | -ī | -∅ | -ā | -∅ | -ā | |
| Oblique | |||||||||
| Genitive | -u | -i | -a | -a | |||||
| Locative | -ūti | -īti | -āti | -āti | |||||
| Equative | -ūli | -īli | -āli | -āli | |||||
WIP Verb System
| Strong Verbs | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ḫaśāras | namāras | parāḫas | |
| "???" | "be evil" | "speak, say" | |
| 1sg | ḫaśurni | namirni | paraḫni |
| 2sg | ḫaśurma | namirma | paraḫma |
| 3sg | ḫaśurta | namirta | paraḫta |
| 1pl | ḫaśurti | namirti | paraḫti |
| 2pl | ḫaśurman | namirman | paraḫman |
| 3pl | ḫaśurtan | namirtan | paraḫtan |
| I-Weak Verbs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| yaźābas | wasāḫas | ˀalādas | ??? | |
| "???" | "be loyal" | "fight" | "???" | |
| 1sg | yaźubni | wasiḫni | ˀalanni | ??? |
| 2sg | yaźumma | wasiḫma | ˀaladma | ??? |
| 3sg | yaźubta | wasiḫta | ˀalatta | ??? |
| 1pl | yaźubti | wasiḫti | ˀalatti | ??? |
| 2pl | yaźumman | wasiḫman | ˀaladman | ??? |
| 3pl | yaźubtan | wasiḫtan | ˀalattan | ??? |
| II-Weak Verbs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dâlas | tâlas | ṣâbas | lêbas | |
| "dig, reveal" | "destroy" | "kill" | "give" | |
| 1sg | dūlni | tīlni | ṣābni | lēbni |
| 2sg | dūlma | tīlma | ṣāmma | lēmma |
| 3sg | dūlta | tīlta | ṣābta | lēbta |
| 1pl | dūlti | tīlti | ṣābti | lēbti |
| 2pl | dūlman | tīlman | ṣāmman | lēmman |
| 3pl | dūltan | tīltan | ṣābtan | lēbtan |
| III-Weak Verbs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ??? | rasâs | malâs | kemâs | |
| "???" | "be good" | "heal" | "go up, rise" | |
| 1sg | ??? | rasīni | malāni | kemēni |
| 2sg | ??? | rasīma | malāma | kemēma |
| 3sg | ??? | rasīsa | malāsa | kemēsa |
| 1pl | ??? | rasīti | malāti | kemēti |
| 2pl | ??? | rasīman | malāman | kemēman |
| 3pl | ??? | rasīsan | malāsan | kemēsan |
Active Voice
| Conjugation (strong, a-class) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-R-Ḫ (speak, say) | ||||||
| Infinitive | parḫas | |||||
| Participle | parraḫam | |||||
| Predicative | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Long Jussive | Short Jussive |
| 1.sg | paraḫni | napraḫni | tapraḫni | yapraḫni | parḫanni | -- |
| 2.sg | paraḫma | napraḫma | tapraḫma | yapraḫma | parḫamma | parḫū |
| 3.sg | paraḫta | napraḫta | tapraḫta | yapraḫta | parḫatta | parḫā |
| 1.pl | paraḫti | napraḫti | tapraḫti | yapraḫti | parḫatti | -- |
| 2.pl | paraḫman | napraḫman | tapraḫman | yapraḫman | parḫamman | parḫūna |
| 3.pl | paraḫtan | napraḫtan | tapraḫtan | yapraḫtan | parḫattan | parḫāna |
| Conjugation (I-y weak, a-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Y-N-D (catch) | |||||
| Noun | yandas | ||||
| Adjective | yannadam | ||||
| Predicative | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | yananni | nīnanni | tīnanni | yīnanni | yandanni |
| 2.sg | yanadma | nīnadma | tīnadma | yīnadma | yandamma |
| 3.sg | yanatta | nīnatta | tīnatta | yīnatta | yandatta |
| 1.pl | yanatti | nīnatti | tīnatti | yīnatti | yandatti |
| 2.pl | yanadman | nīnadman | tīnadman | yīnadman | yandamman |
| 3.pl | yanattan | nīnattan | tīnattan | yīnattan | yandattan |
| Conjugation (II-ˀ weak, a-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ṣ-ˀ-B (kill) | |||||
| Noun | ṣābas | ||||
| Adjective | ṣabbam | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | ṣābni | naṣābni | taṣābni | yaṣābni | ṣābanni |
| 2.sg | ṣāmma | naṣāmma | taṣāmma | yaṣāmma | ṣābamma |
| 3.sg | ṣābta | naṣābta | taṣābta | yaṣābta | ṣābatta |
| 1.pl | ṣābti | naṣābti | taṣābti | yaṣābti | ṣābatti |
| 2.pl | ṣāmman | naṣāmman | taṣāmman | yaṣāmman | ṣābamman |
| 3.pl | ṣābtan | naṣābtan | taṣābtan | yaṣābtan | ṣābattan |
| Conjugation (III-y weak, i-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-S-Y (be good, be moral) | |||||
| Noun | rāsas | ||||
| Adjective | rassâm | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | rasīni | narsīni | tarsīni | yarsīni | rāsanni |
| 2.sg | rasīma | narsīma | tarsīma | yarsīma | rāsamma |
| 3.sg | rasīsa | narsīsa | tarsīsa | yarsīsa | rāsatta |
| 1.pl | rasīti | narsīti | tarsīti | yarsīti | rāsatti |
| 2.pl | rasīman | narsīman | tarsīman | yarsīman | rāsamman |
| 3.pl | rasīsan | narsīsan | tarsīsan | yarsīsan | rāsattan |
Causative Voice
| Conjugation (strong, a-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-R-Ḫ (speak, say) | |||||
| Noun | supruḫas | ||||
| Adjective | sipirraḫam | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | sipraḫni | nisipraḫni | tisipraḫni | yisipraḫni | sipraḫanni |
| 2.sg | sipraḫma | nisipraḫma | tisipraḫma | yisipraḫma | sipraḫamma |
| 3.sg | sipraḫta | nisipraḫta | tisipraḫta | yisipraḫta | sipraḫatta |
| 1.pl | sipraḫti | nisipraḫti | tisipraḫti | yisipraḫti | sipraḫatti |
| 2.pl | sipraḫman | nisipraḫman | tisipraḫman | yisipraḫman | sipraḫamman |
| 3.pl | sipraḫtan | nisipraḫtan | tisipraḫtan | yisipraḫtan | sipraḫattan |
| Conjugation (I-y weak, a-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Y-N-D (catch) | |||||
| Noun | ??? | ||||
| Adjective | ??? | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | sīnanni | nisīnanni | tisīnanni | yisīnanni | sīnadanni |
| 2.sg | sīnadma | nisīnadma | tisīnadma | yisīnadma | sīnadamma |
| 3.sg | sīnatta | nisīnatta | tisīnatta | yisīnatta | sīnadatta |
| 1.pl | sīnatti | nisīnatti | tisīnatti | yisīnatti | sīnadatti |
| 2.pl | sīnadman | nisīnadman | tisīnadman | yisīnadman | sīnadamman |
| 3.pl | sīnattan | nisīnattan | tisīnattan | yisīnattan | sīnadattan |
| Conjugation (II-ˀ weak, a-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ṣ-ˀ-B (kill) | |||||
| Noun | ??? | ||||
| Adjective | ??? | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | siṣābni | niṣṣābni | tiṣṣābni | yiṣṣābni | siṣābanni |
| 2.sg | siṣāmma | niṣṣāmma | tiṣṣāmma | yiṣṣāmma | siṣābamma |
| 3.sg | siṣābta | niṣṣābta | tiṣṣābta | yiṣṣābta | siṣābatta |
| 1.pl | siṣābti | niṣṣābti | tiṣṣābti | yiṣṣābti | siṣābatti |
| 2.pl | siṣāmman | niṣṣāmman | tiṣṣāmman | yiṣṣāmman | siṣābamman |
| 3.pl | siṣābtan | niṣṣābtan | tiṣṣābtan | yiṣṣābtan | siṣābattan |
| Conjugation (III-y weak, i-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-S-Y (be good, be moral) | |||||
| Noun | ??? | ||||
| Adjective | ??? | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | sirsāni | nisirsāni | tisirsāni | yisirsāni | sirsanni |
| 2.sg | sirsāma | nisirsāma | tisirsāma | yisirsāma | sirsamma |
| 3.sg | sirsāsa | nisirsāsa | tisirsāsa | yisirsāsa | sirsatta |
| 1.pl | sirsāti | nisirsāti | tisirsāti | yisirsāti | sirsatti |
| 2.pl | sirsāman | nisirsāman | tisirsāman | yisirsāman | sirsamman |
| 3.pl | sirsāsan | nisirsāsan | tisirsāsan | yisirsāsan | sirsattan |
Applicative Voice
| Conjugation (strong, a-class) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-R-Ḫ (speak, say) | |||||
| Noun | mupruḫas | ||||
| Adjective | mipirraḫam | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | mipraḫni | nimipraḫni | timipraḫni | yimipraḫni | mipraḫanni |
| 2.sg | mipraḫma | nimipraḫma | timipraḫma | yimipraḫma | mipraḫamma |
| 3.sg | mipraḫta | nimipraḫta | timipraḫta | yimipraḫta | mipraḫatta |
| 1.pl | mipraḫti | nimipraḫti | timipraḫti | yimipraḫti | mipraḫatti |
| 2.pl | mipraḫman | nimipraḫman | timipraḫman | yimipraḫman | mipraḫamman |
| 3.pl | mipraḫtan | nimipraḫtan | timipraḫtan | yimipraḫtan | mipraḫattan |
Attributive
| Conjugation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Noun | ??? | ||||
| Adjective | ??? | ||||
| Active | Actual | Potential | Commissive | Counterfactual | Jussive |
| 1.sg | parraḫni | naparraḫni | taparraḫni | yaparraḫni | parraḫanni |
| 2.sg | parraḫma | naparraḫma | taparraḫma | yaparraḫma | parraḫamma |
| 3.sg | parraḫta | naparraḫta | taparraḫta | yaparraḫta | parraḫatta |
| 1.pl | parraḫti | naparraḫti | taparraḫti | yaparraḫti | parraḫatti |
| 2.pl | parraḫman | naparraḫman | taparraḫman | yaparraḫman | parraḫamman |
| 3.pl | parraḫtan | naparraḫtan | taparraḫtan | yaparraḫtan | parraḫattan |
Verbs
| Weakness | Realis | Irrealis | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strong | PaRáḪ- | -PRáḪ- | PaRḪ-á- |
| Initial Weak | PaRáḪ- | -RáḪ- | PaRḪ-á- |
| Middle Weak | Pā́Ḫ- | -Pā́Ḫ- | PāḪ-á- |
| Final Weak | PaRā́- | -PRā́- | PāR-á- |
| Weakness | Realis | Irrealis | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strong | PaRRáḪ- | -PaRRáḪ- | PaRRaḪ-á- |
| Initial Weak | PaRRáḪ- | -RRáḪ- | PaRRaḪ-á- |
| Middle Weak | PấḪ- | -PấḪ- | PaḪḪ-á- |
| Final Weak | PaRRā́- | -PaRRā́- | PaRR-á- |
Deverbatives
| Weakness | Abs. | Cons. | Poss. (Sg.) | Poss. (Pl.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strong | PáRḪ-as | PáRaḪ | PaRáḪ- | PaRḪ-ā́- |
| Initial Weak | PáRḪ-as | PáRaḪ | PaRáḪ- | PaRḪ-ā́- |
| Middle Weak | Pā́Ḫ-as | Pā́Ḫ | Pā́Ḫ- | PāḪ-ā́- |
| Final Weak | Pā́R-as | Pā́R | Pā́R- | PāR-ā́- |
| Weakness | Abs. | Cons. | Poss. (Sg.) | Poss. (Pl.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strong | PaRā́Ḫ-as | PáRāḪ | PaRā́Ḫ- | PaRāḪ-ā́- |
| Initial Weak | PaRā́Ḫ-as | PáRāḪ | PaRā́Ḫ- | PaRāḪ-ā́- |
| Middle Weak | PấḪ-as | PấḪ | PấḪ- | PâḪ-ā́- |
| Final Weak | PaR-ấs | PáRā | PaR-ấ- | |
| Weakness | Abs. | Cons. | Poss. (Sg.) | Poss. (Pl.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strong | PáRRaḪ-as | PáRRaḪ | PaRRáḪ- | PaRRaḪ-ā́- |
| Initial Weak | PáRRaḪ-as | PáRRaḪ | PaRRáḪ- | PaRRaḪ-ā́- |
| Middle Weak | PáḪḪ-as | Pā́Ḫ | PáḪḪ-a | PaḪḪ-ā́- |
| Final Weak | PaRR-ấs | PáRRa | PaRR-ấ- | |
Voice
| Voice | Role/Marking | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Accusative | Instrumental | |
| Active (Intransitive) | Subject | N/A | N/A |
| Active (Monotransitive) | Subject | Object | N/A |
| Active (Ditransitive) | Subject | Primary Object | Secondary Object |
| Causative/Instrumental | Causer | Causee/Instrument | Object |
Morpheme Chain
Verbal morpheme chain (if relativizer is a prefix):
| Clausal Proclitics | Relativizer | Tense/Mood | Stem | Imperative | Subject | Negation | Subject Plural (2nd and 3rd) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voice | Root | |||||||
| various | iC- | na-, ta-, ḫa- | s(i)-, ???- | R₁(a)R₂aR₃ R₁(a)R₂uR₃ R₁(a)R₂iR₃ |
-aC- / -ā- | various | -si | -n |
Verbal morpheme chain (if relativizer is a stem):
| Clausal Proclitics | Tense/Mood | Stem | Imperative | Subject | Negation | Subject Plural (2nd and 3rd) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voice | Root | |||||||
| various | na-, ta-, ḫa- | s(i)-, ???- | Predicative | R₁(a)R₂aR₃ R₁(a)R₂uR₃ R₁(a)R₂iR₃ |
-aC- / -ā- | various | -si | -n |
| Relative | R₁aR₂R₂aR₃ R₁aR₂R₂uR₃ R₁aR₂C₂iR₃ | |||||||
Verbal morpheme chain (if person prefixes):
| Clausal Proclitics | Relativizer | Subject | Stem | Subject Plural (2nd and 3rd) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voice | Root | |||||
| various | iC- | various | s(i)-, ???- | Nonfuture | R₁R₂aR₃ R₁R₂uR₃ R₁R₂iR₃ |
-ā |
| Future | R₁aR₂R₂aR₃ R₁aR₂R₂uR₃ R₁aR₂C₂iR₃ | |||||
Ch'adic
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | sibilant | lateral | |||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ ⟨n̮⟩ | ||||||
| Stop | fortis | p | t | t͡s ⟨c⟩ | t͡ɬ ⟨ć⟩ | t͡ʃ ⟨č⟩ | k | ʡ | ʔ |
| emphatic | pʼ ⟨ṗ⟩ | tʼ ⟨ṭ⟩ | t͡sʼ ⟨c̣⟩ | t͡ɬʼ ⟨ć̣⟩ | t͡ʃʼ ⟨č̣⟩ | kʼ ⟨ḳ⟩ | |||
| lenis | b | d | d͡z ⟨ʒ⟩ | d͡ɮ ⟨ʒ́⟩ | d͡ʒ ⟨ǯ⟩ | g | |||
| Fricative | f | s | ɬ ⟨ś⟩ | ʃ ⟨š⟩ | x ⟨ḫ⟩ | ħ ⟨ḥ⟩ | h | ||
| Approximant | w | j ⟨y⟩ | |||||||
| Liquid | r | l | |||||||
| Status Absolutus | Status Constructus | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Feminine | -u | -un | -u | -ū |
| Masculine | -i | -in | -i | -ī |
| Neuter | -ar | -aran | -a | -ā |
| Inanimate | -aš | -ašan | ||
