Liwadi: English-Liwadi a-f: Difference between revisions

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==Table of Phonemes==
==Table of Phonemes==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1300px;"
 
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1600px;"
! MOA
! MOA
! colspan="3" | nasals
! colspan="3" | nasals
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!
!
| /i/
| /i/
| /ɪ/
| /e/
| /e/
| /ɛ/
| /ä/
| /ä/
| /o/
| /o/
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!
!
| I i
| I i
| ı
| E e
| E e
| ė
| A a
| A a
| O o
| O o
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!
!
| ی   
| ی   
|
| ه
| ه
|
| ا
| ا
| ۉ
| ۉ
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!
!
| i<br>ى
| i<br>ى
| ı
| e<br>ه
| e<br>ه
| ė<br>
| a<br>ا
| a<br>ا
| o<br>ۉ
| o<br>ۉ
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*all, ''det.'' '''tur'''.
*all, ''det.'' '''tur'''.
*alphabetize, ''vb.'' '''manaŋ'''.
*alphabetize, ''vb.'' '''manaŋ'''.
**alphabet, '''nėmanaŋ'''.
**alphabet, '''nımanaŋ'''.
*also, ''adv.'' '''din'''.
*also, ''adv.'' '''din'''.
*although, ''cnj.'' '''yiri'''.
*although, ''cnj.'' '''yiri'''.
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*and, ''cnj.'' '''he'''.
*and, ''cnj.'' '''he'''.
*angry, be , ''vb.'' '''dabag'''.
*angry, be , ''vb.'' '''dabag'''.
:*anger, '''tėdabag'''.
:*anger, '''tıdabag'''.
:*angry, ''adj.'' '''dibig'''.
:*angry, ''adj.'' '''dibig'''.
*animal, '''ʻiŋiʻ'''.
*animal, '''ʻiŋiʻ'''.
||||
||||
*any, ''det.'' '''śon'''.
*any, ''det.'' '''śon'''.
*approach,
*as (''same way''), ''cnj.'' '''tanu'''.
*as (''same way''), ''cnj.'' '''tanu'''.
*ash(es), '''akal'''.
*ash(es), '''akal'''.
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*bake, ''vb.'' '''akaʻ'''
*bake, ''vb.'' '''akaʻ'''
*bathe, ''vb.'' '''laŋaš'''.
*bathe, ''vb.'' '''laŋaš'''.
:*bath, '''nėlaŋaš'''.
:*bath, '''nılaŋaš'''.
*be, ''vb.'' '''ʻawaʻ'''.
*be, ''vb.'' '''ʻawaʻ'''.
*because, ''cnj.'' '''te'''.
*because, ''cnj.'' '''te'''.
*bed, go to, ''vb.'' '''halaz'''.
*bed, go to, ''vb.'' '''halaz'''.
||
||
*bed, '''nėhalaz'''.
*bed, '''nıhalaz'''.
*begin, ''vb.'' '''paŋar'''.
*begin, ''vb.'' '''paŋar'''.
*belt, '''ŋidul'''.
*belt, '''ŋidul'''.
*big, ''adj.'' '''dibur'''.
*big, ''adj.'' '''dibur'''.
:*bigness, '''tėdibur'''.
:*bigness, '''tıdibur'''.
*birth, give, ''vb.'' '''warab'''.
*birth, give, ''vb.'' '''warab'''.
:*birth, '''nėwarab'''; birthday, '''~ wun'''.
:*birth, '''nıwarab'''; birthday, '''~ wun'''.
*bite, ''vb.'' '''madaz'''.  
*bite, ''vb.'' '''madaz'''.  
|||
|||
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*bloom, ''vb.'' '''kalaŋ'''.
*bloom, ''vb.'' '''kalaŋ'''.
:*bloom, '''kaliŋ'''.
:*bloom, '''kaliŋ'''.
*blue, ''adj.'' '''śarip'''.
*blue, ''adj.'' '''tiŋur'''.
*boat, '''zeliʻ'''.
*boat, '''zeliʻ'''.
*born, be, '''asab'''.
*born, be, '''asab'''.
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:*breakfast, eat, ''vb.'' '''gutal aŋar'''.
:*breakfast, eat, ''vb.'' '''gutal aŋar'''.
*breathe, ''vb.'' '''maśan'''.
*breathe, ''vb.'' '''maśan'''.
:*breath, '''nėmaśan'''.
:*breath, '''nımaśan'''.
*brew, ''vb.'' '''tanal'''.
*brew, ''vb.'' '''tanal'''.
|||||
|||||
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*brother, '''itot'''.
*brother, '''itot'''.
*build, ''vb.'' '''gamaʻ'''.
*build, ''vb.'' '''gamaʻ'''.
:*building, '''nėgamaʻ'''.
:*building, '''nıgamaʻ'''.
*burn, ''vb.'' '''zalak'''.
*burn, ''vb.'' '''zalak'''.
*bury, ''vb.'' '''tagal'''.
*bury, ''vb.'' '''tagal'''.
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|
|
*call, ''vb.'' '''talaŋ'''.
*call, ''vb.'' '''talaŋ'''.
*change, ''vb.'' '''
*child, '''warib'''.
*child, '''warib'''.
*circle, '''hadur'''.
*circle, '''hadur'''.
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*cloth, '''toniś'''.
*cloth, '''toniś'''.
*clothing, '''rugoś'''.
*clothing, '''rugoś'''.
*cold, ''adj.'' '''tul'''.
|||
|||
*cold, ''adj.'' '''tul'''.
*color, '''šagih'''.
*color, '''šagih'''.
*come, ''vb.'' '''agaŋ'''.
*come, ''vb.'' '''agaŋ'''.
*comet, '''śigep'''.
*comet, '''śigep'''.
||||
*comfortable, ''adj.'' '''muʻiŋ'''.
*comfortable, ''adj.'' '''muʻiŋ'''.
*continue to, ''vb.'' '''naśat'''.
*continue to, ''vb.'' '''naśat'''.
||||
*cook, ''vb.'' '''gaśar'''.
*cook, ''vb.'' '''gaśar'''.
*correct, ''adj.'' '''miŋum'''.
*correct, ''adj.'' '''miŋum'''.
|||||
*cotton, '''topim'''.
*cotton, '''topim'''.
*count, ''vb.'' '''namaʻ'''.
*count, ''vb.'' '''namaʻ'''.
*cover, ''vb.'' '''tazaʻ'''.
|||||
*create, ''vb.'' '''wašal'''.
*create, ''vb.'' '''wašal'''.
*cross,  ''vb.'' '''hagal'''.
*cross,  ''vb.'' '''hagal'''.
||||||
*cup, '''tuz'''.
*cup, '''tuz'''.
*cut, ''vb.'' '''ŋapaŋ'''.
*cut, ''vb.'' '''ŋapaŋ'''.
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*day, '''wun'''.
*day, '''wun'''.
||
||
*deed, '''nėkahal'''.
*deed, '''nıkahal'''.
*depart, ''vb.'' '''hasag'''.
*depart, ''vb.'' '''hasag'''.
:*departure, '''tėhasag'''.
:*departure, '''tıhasag'''.
*describe, ''vb.'' '''yazak'''.
*describe, ''vb.'' '''yazak'''.
:*description, '''tėyazak'''.
:*description, '''tıyazak'''.
|||
|||
*desire, ''vb.'' '''lašaʻ'''.
*desire, ''vb.'' '''lašaʻ'''.
*die, ''vb.'' '''napaŋ'''.
*die, ''vb.'' '''napaŋ'''.
:*death, '''tėnapaŋ'''.
:*death, '''tınapaŋ'''.
*dig, ''vb.'' '''ŋakal'''.
*dig, ''vb.'' '''ŋakal'''.
*dirt, '''hikil'''.
*dirt, '''hikil'''.
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:*dirty, ''adj.'' '''hokol'''.
:*dirty, ''adj.'' '''hokol'''.
*distant, ''adj.'' '''liŋut'''.
*distant, ''adj.'' '''liŋut'''.
*do, ''vb.'' '''kahal'''.
*do, ''vb.'' '''kahar'''.
*door, '''barup'''.
*door, '''barup'''.
*down, ''adv.'' '''nipi'''.
|||||
*drum, '''pigir'''.
*drum, '''pigir'''.
||||
*dry, ''adj.'' '''wigaś'''; dry season, '''~ nozan'''.
*dry, ''adj.'' '''wigaś'''; dry season, '''~ nozan'''.
*dust, '''igit'''.
*dust, '''igit'''.
:*dusty, ''adj.'' '''ogot '''.
:*dusty, ''adj.'' '''ogot '''.
*dwell, ''vb.'' '''adal'''.
*dwell, ''vb.'' '''adal'''.
||||||
*dye, '''šagiŋ'''.
*dye, '''šagiŋ'''.
|}
|}
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{|
{|
|
|
*earth, '''ališ'''; earthquake, '''~ nėlahab'''.
*earth, '''ališ'''; earthquake, '''~ nılahab'''.
*east, '''neziŋ'''.
*east, '''neziŋ'''.
*eat, ''vb.'' '''aŋar'''.
*eat, ''vb.'' '''aŋar'''.
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|||
|||
*enough, ''det.'' '''biʻe'''.
*enough, ''det.'' '''biʻe'''.
*even, ''adj.'' '''ŋirut'''.
*evening, '''alog'''.
*evening, '''alog'''.
||||
*every (each), ''det.'' '''tur'''.
*every (each), ''det.'' '''tur'''.
||||
:*everyone,  ''det.'' '''turin'''.
:*everyone,  ''det.'' '''turin'''.
:*everything,  ''det.'' '''tur bigil'''.
:*everything,  ''det.'' '''tur bigil'''.
|||||
*evil, ''adj.'' '''śilel'''.
*evil, ''adj.'' '''śilel'''.
|||||
*exhale, ''vb.'' '''maśak'''.
*exhale, ''vb.'' '''maśak'''.
|}
|}
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||
||
*fear, ''vb.'' '''kaŋab'''.
*fear, ''vb.'' '''kaŋab'''.
:*fear, '''tėkaŋab'''.
:*fear, '''tıkaŋab'''.
*feed, ''vb.'' '''aŋar'''.
*feed, ''vb.'' '''aŋar'''.
*fell, ''vb.'' '''talap'''.
*fell, ''vb.'' '''talap'''.
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|||||
|||||
*flow, ''vb.'' '''salan'''.
*flow, ''vb.'' '''salan'''.
:*fluid, '''nėsalan'''.
:*fluid, '''nısalan'''.
*fly, ''vb.'' '''apaz'''.
*fly, ''vb.'' '''apaz'''.
*food, '''nėmaŋar'''.
*food, '''nımaŋar'''.
*four, '''iḷgi'''.
*four, '''liguŋ'''.
||||||
||||||
*free, ''adj.'' '''ŋukeś'''.
*free, ''adj.'' '''ŋukeś'''.

Latest revision as of 11:22, 26 June 2023

Table of Phonemes

MOA nasals stops sibilants fricatives approximants tap affricate vowels
IPA /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /ʔ/ /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ɸ/ /β/ /θ/ /ð/ /χ/ /ɣ/ /h/ /ɬ/ /w/ /j/ /l/ /ɾ/ /ʦ/ /i/ /ɪ/ /e/ /ä/ /o/ /u/
Latin M m N n Ŋ ŋ P p B b T t D d K k G g ʻ S s Z z Š š ṗ ḃ ṫ ḋ ḳ ġ H h ḷ W w Y y L l R r Ś ś I i ı E e A a O o U u
Arabic م ن گ ٮ
1 		ﺏ ط
2 		ظ ک
3 		ݢ ع
4 		ص
5 		ض ڝ ٺ ٻ د ذ ٯ ڧ ح
6 		ݪ و
7 		ي ل
8 		ر ج ی ه ا ۉ ۆ
Name Mi
مى 		Ne
نه 		Ŋo
گۉ 		Pi
ٮى 		Bi
بى 		Te
طه 		De
ظه 		Ko
کۉ 		Go
ݢۉ 		ʻu
عۆ 		Sa
صا 		Za
ضا 		Ša
ڝا 		Ṗi
ٺى 		Ḃi
ٻى 		Ṫe
ده 		Ḋe
ذه 		Ḳo
ٯۉ 		Ġo
ڧۉ 		Hu
حۆ 		Ḷe
ݪه 		Wi
وى 		Yo
ىۉ 		Le
له 		Ra
را 		Śa
جا 		i
ى 		ı e
ه 		a
ا 		o
ۉ 		u
ۆ


A

  • a, an, det. yu, ya.
  • able, be vb. waŋar.
  • act, vb. kahar.
  • air, iyel.
  • alike, adj. bunaʻ.
  • all, det. tur.
  • alphabetize, vb. manaŋ.
    • alphabet, nımanaŋ.
  • also, adv. din.
  • although, cnj. yiri.
  • and, cnj. he.
  • angry, be , vb. dabag.
  • anger, tıdabag.
  • angry, adj. dibig.
  • animal, ʻiŋiʻ.
  • any, det. śon.
  • approach,
  • as (same way), cnj. tanu.
  • ash(es), akal.
  • ashen, adj. ikil.
  • autumn, zapiŋ.
  • autumnal, adj. zipiŋ.

B

  • bad, be, vb. laśaś.
  • bad, adj. liśiś.
  • bake, vb. akaʻ
  • bathe, vb. laŋaš.
  • bath, nılaŋaš.
  • be, vb. ʻawaʻ.
  • because, cnj. te.
  • bed, go to, vb. halaz.
  • bed, nıhalaz.
  • begin, vb. paŋar.
  • belt, ŋidul.
  • big, adj. dibur.
  • bigness, tıdibur.
  • birth, give, vb. warab.
  • birth, nıwarab; birthday, ~ wun.
  • bite, vb. madaz.
  • black, adj. śiŋul.
  • blacken, vb. śaŋal.
  • blind, adj. hegal.
  • bloom, vb. kalaŋ.
  • bloom, kaliŋ.
  • blue, adj. tiŋur.
  • boat, zeliʻ.
  • born, be, asab.
  • bowl, taŋil.
  • boy, miŋil.
  • brave, ineš.
  • breakfast, gutal maŋar.
  • breakfast, eat, vb. gutal aŋar.
  • breathe, vb. maśan.
  • breath, nımaśan.
  • brew, vb. tanal.
  • bridge, daśel.
  • brother, itot.
  • build, vb. gamaʻ.
  • building, nıgamaʻ.
  • burn, vb. zalak.
  • bury, vb. tagal.

C

  • call, vb. talaŋ.
  • change, vb.
  • child, warib.
  • circle, hadur.
  • claw, pukal.
  • clay, ŋunal.
  • climb, vb. haraʻ.
  • cloth, toniś.
  • clothing, rugoś.
  • cold, adj. tul.
  • color, šagih.
  • come, vb. agaŋ.
  • comet, śigep.
  • comfortable, adj. muʻiŋ.
  • continue to, vb. naśat.
  • cook, vb. gaśar.
  • correct, adj. miŋum.
  • cotton, topim.
  • count, vb. namaʻ.
  • cover, vb. tazaʻ.
  • create, vb. wašal.
  • cross, vb. hagal.
  • cup, tuz.
  • cut, vb. ŋapaŋ.

D

  • danger, zatim.
  • dangerous, adj. zitim.
  • dark, adj. ikar.
  • daughter, gilap.
  • day, wun.
  • deed, nıkahal.
  • depart, vb. hasag.
  • departure, tıhasag.
  • describe, vb. yazak.
  • description, tıyazak.
  • desire, vb. lašaʻ.
  • die, vb. napaŋ.
  • death, tınapaŋ.
  • dig, vb. ŋakal.
  • dirt, hikil.
  • dirty, adj. hokol.
  • distant, adj. liŋut.
  • do, vb. kahar.
  • door, barup.
  • down, adv. nipi.
  • drum, pigir.
  • dry, adj. wigaś; dry season, ~ nozan.
  • dust, igit.
  • dusty, adj. ogot .
  • dwell, vb. adal.
  • dye, šagiŋ.

E

  • earth, ališ; earthquake, ~ nılahab.
  • east, neziŋ.
  • eat, vb. aŋar.
  • egg, vb. gešiʻ.
  • eight, śenum.
  • empty, adj. laʻet.
  • enough, det. biʻe.
  • even, adj. ŋirut.
  • evening, alog.
  • every (each), det. tur.
  • everyone, det. turin.
  • everything, det. tur bigil.
  • evil, adj. śilel.
  • exhale, vb. maśak.

F

  • fall (down), vb. makar.
  • family, śekiŋ.
  • far, adj. liŋut.
  • fat, śonim.
  • father, ŋigoʻ
  • fear, vb. kaŋab.
  • fear, tıkaŋab.
  • feed, vb. aŋar.
  • fell, vb. talap.
  • female, miś.
  • few, det. iŋib.
  • fewer, det. kiŋup.
  • fight, vb. raŋan.
  • find, vb. našaŋ.
  • finish, vb. danal.
  • fire, ŋaś ماٮ.
  • firepit, salar.
  • five, niŋaś.
  • float, vb. ašak.
  • floor, lešik
  • flow, vb. salan.
  • fluid, nısalan.
  • fly, vb. apaz.
  • food, nımaŋar.
  • four, liguŋ.
  • free, adj. ŋukeś.
  • friend, ŋigal.
  • full, adj. nira.


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