Cernelian/3rd declension: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "Nominals ending in soft ''-∅''. Because in Proto-Finnic this type ends in ''-i'' which transparent in vowel harmony (''łólcho'' "in the stupid one"...") |
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|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Dative | ! colspan="2" | Dative | ||
| ''- | | ''-ią'' | ||
| ''-ią'' | | ''-ią'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Vocative | ! colspan="2" | Vocative | ||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''- | | style="background:#ddd" | ''-cho'' | ||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''-ie'' | | style="background:#ddd" | ''-ie'' | ||
|} | |||
Examples: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ ''tuć'' "girl" | |||
! | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''tuć'' | |||
| rowspan="2" style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''ie''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| rowspan="2" style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''ię''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''tuc'''iedzię''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| ''tuc'''ią''''' | |||
| ''tuc'''ią''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Locative | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''cho''''' | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''iszo''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Ablative | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''sto''''' | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''isto''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''ło''''' | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''iło''''' | |||
|- | |||
! Vocative | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''cho''''' | |||
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''ie''''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 01:31, 18 October 2021
Nominals ending in soft -∅. Because in Proto-Finnic this type ends in -i which transparent in vowel harmony (łólcho "in the stupid one" vs. nirsze "in the dull one"), it split into four subtypes. While in other Finnic languages e-stem is more alive, i-stem is much alive here and the e-stem of 3rd declension simply died. The only remnant of e-stem here is the nominative (incl. accusative and vocative) plurals.
Type 3A
Nominals with stems ending in -b, -ć, -dź, -j, -m, -ń, -p, -ś, -w, and -ź (all letters containing acute accent like -dź always written -Ci(V)- before vowels). It has back vowel harmony.
| Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -∅ | -ie | |
| Accusative | Inanimate | ||
| Animate | -ię | ||
| Genitive | -iedzię | ||
| Dative | -ią | -ią | |
| Locative | -cho | -iszo | |
| Ablative | -sto | -isto | |
| Instrumental | -ło | -iło | |
| Vocative | -cho | -ie | |
Examples:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuć | tucie |
| Accusative | tucię | |
| Genitive | tuciedzię | |
| Dative | tucią | tucią |
| Locative | tućcho | tuciszo |
| Ablative | tućsto | tucisto |
| Instrumental | tućło | tuciło |
| Vocative | tućcho | tucie |
