Valware - Telugu: Difference between revisions
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==Pronunciation table== | ==Pronunciation table== | ||
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
!Latin | ! Latin | ||
!a | ! a | ||
!v | ! v | ||
!e | ! e | ||
!i | ! i | ||
!y | ! y | ||
!l | ! l | ||
!m | ! m | ||
!n | ! n | ||
!ń | ! ń | ||
!o | ! o | ||
!r | ! r | ||
!s | ! s | ||
!t | ! t | ||
!u | ! u | ||
!w | ! w | ||
!f | ! f | ||
!h | ! h | ||
!ʻ | ! ʻ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!IPA | ! Telugu | ||
|/a/ | | అ | ||
|/β/ | | భ | ||
|/e/ | | ఎ | ||
|/i/ | | ఇ | ||
|/j/ | | య | ||
|/l/ | | ల | ||
|/m/ | | మ | ||
|/n/ | | న | ||
|/ŋ/ | | ఙ | ||
|/o/ | | కొ | ||
|/ɾ/ | | ర | ||
|/s/ | | స | ||
|/t/ | | త | ||
|/u/ | | ఉ | ||
|/w/ | | వ | ||
|/φ/ | | ఫ | ||
|/h/ | | హ | ||
|/Ɂ/ | | క | ||
|- | |||
! IPA | |||
| /a/ | |||
| /β/ | |||
| /e/ | |||
| /i/ | |||
| /j/ | |||
| /l/ | |||
| /m/ | |||
| /n/ | |||
| /ŋ/ | |||
| /o/ | |||
| /ɾ/ | |||
| /s/ | |||
| /t/ | |||
| /u/ | |||
| /w/ | |||
| /φ/ | |||
| /h/ | |||
| /Ɂ/ | |||
|} | |} | ||
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! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| m /m/ ~ /ɱ/<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup><br>'''మ''' | | m /m/ ~ /ɱ/<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup><br>'''మ''' | ||
| n /n/<br>'''న''' | | n /n/<br>'''మ న''' | ||
| | | | ||
| ń /ŋ/<br>'''ఙ''' | | ń /ŋ/<br>'''మ న ఙ''' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| w /w/<br>'''వ'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | | w /w/<br>'''వ'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | ||
| l /l/<br>'''ల''' | | l /l/<br>'''వ ల''' | ||
| r /ɾ/<br>'''ర'''<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> | | r /ɾ/<br>'''ర'''<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> | ||
| y /j/<br>'''య''' | | y /j/<br>'''య''' | ||
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===Notes=== | ===Notes=== | ||
*{{Color|red|1}} /m/ becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> /m/ becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/. | ||
*{{Color|red|2}} The voiceless palatal stop /k/ is assigned the | *<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The voiceless palatal stop /k/ is assigned to the glottal stop /ʔ/. | ||
*{{Color|red|3}} The voiceless bilabial aspirated stop /pʰ/ is assigned the | *<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The voiceless bilabial aspirated stop /pʰ/ is assigned to the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/. | ||
*{{Color|red|4}} The voiced bilabial aspirated stop /bʰ/ is assigned the | *<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The voiced bilabial aspirated stop /bʰ/ is assigned to the voiced bilabial fricative /β/. | ||
*{{Color|red|5}} The labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is assigned the | *<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is assigned to the bilabial approximant /w/. | ||
*{{Color|red|6}} The alveolar trill /r/ is assigned the | *<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> The voiced alveolar trill /r/ is assigned to the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/. | ||
*{{Color|red|7}} The [[Wikipedia:Virama|virama]] mutes the vowel of a consonant | *<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Virama|virama]] mutes the vowel of a consonant so that only the consonant is pronounced. It is used when a nasal is the coda, ''e.g.'', '''యన''', '''yana''', lake; '''యన్ ల''', '''yanla''', child. | ||
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| e /e/<br>'''ఎ''' | | e /e/<br>'''ఎ''' | ||
| | | | ||
| o /o/<br>'''కొ''' | | o /o/<br>'''ఎ కొ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Open | ! Open | ||
Revision as of 17:17, 1 April 2020
Pronunciation table
| Latin | a | v | e | i | y | l | m | n | ń | o | r | s | t | u | w | f | h | ʻ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Telugu | అ | భ | ఎ | ఇ | య | ల | మ | న | ఙ | కొ | ర | స | త | ఉ | వ | ఫ | హ | క |
| IPA | /a/ | /β/ | /e/ | /i/ | /j/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /o/ | /ɾ/ | /s/ | /t/ | /u/ | /w/ | /φ/ | /h/ | /Ɂ/ |
- The letters of the alphabet are arranged in a modified Cyrillic order.
Consonants
| labial | dental | alveolar | palatal | glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasals | voiceless | |||||
| voiced | m /m/ ~ /ɱ/1 మ |
n /n/ మ న |
ń /ŋ/ మ న ఙ |
|||
| Stops | voiceless | t /t/ త |
ʻ /ʔ/ క2 | |||
| voiced | ||||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f /φ/ ఫ3 |
s /s/ స |
|||
| voiced | v /β/ భ4 |
|||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | h /h/ హ | ||||
| voiced | w /w/ వ5 |
l /l/ వ ల |
r /ɾ/ ర6 |
y /j/ య |
Notes
- 1 /m/ becomes the labiodental /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
- 2 The voiceless palatal stop /k/ is assigned to the glottal stop /ʔ/.
- 3 The voiceless bilabial aspirated stop /pʰ/ is assigned to the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
- 4 The voiced bilabial aspirated stop /bʰ/ is assigned to the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
- 5 The labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is assigned to the bilabial approximant /w/.
- 6 The voiced alveolar trill /r/ is assigned to the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/.
- 7 The virama mutes the vowel of a consonant so that only the consonant is pronounced. It is used when a nasal is the coda, e.g., యన, yana, lake; యన్ ల, yanla, child.
Vowels
Independent form
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ ఇ |
u/u/ ఉ | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ ఎ |
o /o/ ఎ కొ | |
| Open | a /ä/ అ |
Diacritic form with <క>, <ʻ>
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ కి |
u /u/ కు | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ కె |
o /o/ కొ | |
| Open | a /ä/ క |
