Valware - Telugu: Difference between revisions

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{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!  
!  
!
! labial
! labial
! dental
! dental
! alveolar
! alveolar
! palatal
! palatal
! velar
! glottal
! glottal
|-
|-
! nasal
! rowspan="2" | Nasals
| /m/<br>'''మ'''<br>m
! voiceless
| /n/<br>'''న'''<br>n
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| /ŋ/<br>''''''<br>ń
|
|
|-
! voiced
| m /m/ ~ /ɱ/<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup><br>''''''
| n /n/<br>'''న'''
|  
|  
| ń /ŋ/<br>'''ఙ'''
|
|-
|-
! voiceless stop
! rowspan="2" | Stops
! voiceless
|  
|  
| /t/<br>'''త'''<br>t
| t /t/<br>'''త'''
|
|  
|  
| ʻ /ʔ/<br>'''క'''<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
|-
! voiced
|  
|  
|  
|  
| /Ɂ/<br>'''క'''<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup><br>ʻ
|-
! voiceless fricative
| /φ/<br>'''ఫ'''<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup><br>f
|  
|  
| /s/<br>'''స'''<br>s
|  
|  
|  
|  
| /h/<br>'''హ'''<br>h
|-
|-
! voiced fricative
! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
| /β/<br>''''''<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup><br>v
! voiceless
|  
| f /φ/<br>''''''<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
|  
|
| s /s/<br>'''స'''
|
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
! voiced approximant
! voiced
| /w/<br>''''''<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup><br>w
| v /β/<br>''''''<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
|
|
|  
|
| /j/<br>'''య'''<br>y
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! tap
! rowspan="2" | Sonorants
! voiceless
|  
|  
|  
|  
| /ɾ/<br>'''ర'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup><br>r
|
|
|
|  
|
| h /h/<br>'''హ'''
|-
|-
! voiced lateral approximant
! voiced  
|  
| w /w/<br>'''వ'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
|  
| l /l/<br>'''ల'''
| /l/<br>'''ల'''<br>l
| r /ɾ/<br>'''ర'''<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
|  
| y /j/<br>'''య'''
|  
|
|  
|}
|}


===Notes===
===Notes===
*1. The voiceless palatal stop /k/ is reassigned the value /ʔ/.
*{{Color|red|1}} /m/ becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
*2. The voiceless bilabial aspirated stop /pʰ/ is reassigned the value /φ/.
*{{Color|red|2}} The voiceless palatal stop /k/ is assigned the value /ʔ/.
*3. The voiced bilabial aspirated stop /bʰ/ is reassigned the value /β/.
*{{Color|red|3}} The voiceless bilabial aspirated stop /pʰ/ is assigned the value /φ/.
*4. The labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is reassigned the value /w/.
*{{Color|red|4}} The voiced bilabial aspirated stop /bʰ/ is assigned the value /β/.
*5. The alveolar trill /r/ is reassigned the value /ɾ/.
*{{Color|red|5}} The labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is assigned the value /w/.
*6. The [[Wikipedia:Virama|virama]] mutes the vowel of a consonant, so that only the consonant is pronounced. It is used when a nasal is the coda, ''e.g.'', '''యన''', 'yana', lake; '''యన్ ల''', 'yanla', child.
*{{Color|red|6}} The alveolar trill /r/ is assigned the value /ɾ/.
*{{Color|red|7}} The [[Wikipedia:Virama|virama]] mutes the vowel of a consonant, so that only the consonant is pronounced. It is used when a nasal is the coda, ''e.g.'', యన, '''yana''', lake; '''యన్ ల''', '''yanla''', child.




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|-
|-
! Close
! Close
| /i/<br>'''ఇ'''<br>i
| i /i/<br>'''ఇ'''
|
|
| /u/<br>'''ఉ'''<br>u
| u/u/<br>'''ఉ'''
|-
|-
! Close Mid
! Close Mid
| /e/<br>'''ఎ'''<br>e
| e /e/<br>'''ఎ'''
|  
|  
| /o/<br>''''''<br>o
| o /o/<br>'''కొ'''
|-
|-
! Open
! Open
|  
|  
| /ä/<br>'''అ'''<br>a
| a /ä/<br>'''అ'''
|
|
|}
|}
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|-
|-
! Close
! Close
| /i/<br>'''కి'''<br>i
| i /i/<br>'''కి'''
|
|
| /u/<br>'''కు'''<br>u
| u /u/<br>'''కు'''
|-
|-
! Close Mid
! Close Mid
| /e/<br>'''కె'''<br>e
| e /e/<br>'''కె'''
|  
|  
| /o/<br>'''కొ'''<br>o
| o /o/<br>'''కొ'''
|-
|-
! Open
! Open
|  
|  
| /ä/<br>'''క'''<br>a
| a /ä/<br>'''క'''
|
|
|}
|}

Revision as of 17:12, 5 March 2020

Pronunciation table

Latin a v e i y l m n ń o r s t u w f h ʻ
IPA /a/ /β/ /e/ /i/ /j/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /o/ /ɾ/ /s/ /t/ /u/ /w/ /φ/ /h/ /Ɂ/
  • The letters of the alphabet are arranged in a modified Cyrillic order.


Consonants

labial dental alveolar palatal glottal
Nasals voiceless
voiced m /m/ ~ /ɱ/1
n /n/
ń /ŋ/
Stops voiceless t /t/
ʻ /ʔ/
2
voiced
Fricatives voiceless f /φ/
3
s /s/
voiced v /β/
4
Sonorants voiceless h /h/
voiced w /w/
5
l /l/
r /ɾ/
6
y /j/

Notes

  • 1 /m/ becomes the labiodental /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
  • 2 The voiceless palatal stop /k/ is assigned the value /ʔ/.
  • 3 The voiceless bilabial aspirated stop /pʰ/ is assigned the value /φ/.
  • 4 The voiced bilabial aspirated stop /bʰ/ is assigned the value /β/.
  • 5 The labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is assigned the value /w/.
  • 6 The alveolar trill /r/ is assigned the value /ɾ/.
  • 7 The virama mutes the vowel of a consonant, so that only the consonant is pronounced. It is used when a nasal is the coda, e.g., యన, yana, lake; యన్ ల, yanla, child.


Vowels

Independent form

Front Central Back
Close i /i/
u/u/
Close Mid e /e/
o /o/
కొ
Open a /ä/

Diacritic form with <క>, <ʻ>

Front Central Back
Close i /i/
కి
u /u/
కు
Close Mid e /e/
కె
o /o/
కొ
Open a /ä/