Senjecas - Qinqming, Chinese: Difference between revisions

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==Glossing abbreviations==
==Glossing abbreviations==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
|PST = past
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|CONV = conversive
|CONV = conversive
|F = feminine
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|INT = intensive prefix
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|TRZ = transitivizer
|-
|-
|
|3 = 3rd person
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
|PST = past
|VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|DIM = diminutive
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|FUT = future
|OCC = occupation suffix
|LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|RPRF = recent perfective
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|IMP = imperative
|PP = patient (past) participle
|M = masculine
|SBJ = subjunctive
|QUOT = direct quotation
|
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRF = perfect
|OCC = occupation suffix
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|RPR = recent perfective
|
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PP = patient (past) participle
|VBLZ = verbalizer
|SBJ = subjunctive
|
|}
|}


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*'''miim̃lű' sűðo eȝu-ata̋s éna ȝa̋fa:'''
*'''miim̃lű' sűðo eȝu-ata̋s éna ȝa̋fa:'''
:{|
:{|
!miim̃l-ű-'||sűð-o||eȝu=at-a̋s||éna||ȝa̋f-a
!miim̃-l-ű-'||sűð-o||eȝu=at-a̋s||éna||ȝa̋f-a
|-
|-
|mourner-G.s-ELIS||heart-N.s||his=way-G.s||on||break-IND
|mourn-AG-G.s-ELIS||heart-N.s||his=way-G.s||on||break-IND
|}
|}




*Where can a winehouse be found to drown his sadness?
*Where can a winehouse be found to drown his sadness?
*'''m̃oinde̋mo xáru de̋saþo ı̋lu ma̋ƣa—táádi eȝu-se̋uƣtam ǧaðe̋ȝa:'''
*'''m̃oinde̋mo xáru de̋e̋saþo ı̋lu ma̋ƣa—táádi eȝu-se̋uƣtam ǧaðe̋ȝa:'''
:{|
:{|
!m̃oin-de̋m-o||xáru||de̋s-a-þ-o||ı̋l-u||ma̋ƣ-a||táádi||eȝu=se̋uƣt-am||ǧað-e̋ȝa
!m̃oin-de̋m-o||xáru||de̋e̋s-a-þ-o||ı̋l-u||ma̋ƣ-a||táádi||eȝu=se̋uƣt-am||ǧað-e̋ȝa
|-
|-
|wine-house-N.S||where||find-IND-PP-N.s||become-SUP||be.able-IND||in.order||his=sadness-A.s||drown-SBJ
|wine-house-N.S||where||find-IND-PP-N.s||become-SUP||be.able-IND||in.order.that||his=sadness-A.s||drown-SBJ
|}
|}




*A cowherd points to Almond Flower Village in the distance.
*A cowherd points to Almond Flower Village in the distance.
*'''m̃axkőőflu fɪ̋ro da̋bom míƣdalna̋nam sűűta⁝'''
*'''m̃axkőőflu fɪ̋ro da̋bom míƣdalna̋nom sűűta⁝'''
:{|
:{|
!m̃ax-kőőf-l-u||fɪ̋ro-Ø||da̋b-om||miƣdál-nan-om||sűűt-a
!m̃ax-kőőf-l-u||fɪ̋ro-Ø||da̋b-om||míƣdal-na̋n-om||sűűt-a
|-
|-
|cow-tend-AG-N.s||distant-ABS||village-A.s||almond-flower-A.s.||point.to-IND
|cow-tend-AG-N.s||distant-ABS||village-A.s||almond-flower-A.s.||point.to-IND
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*'''paavős méṡa ta̋ƣlus þűűnusk̬e a̋umusk̬e ka̋ȝa:'''
*'''paavős méṡa ta̋ƣlus þűűnusk̬e a̋umusk̬e ka̋ȝa:'''
:{|
:{|
!paav-ős||méṡa||ta̋ƣl-us||þűűn-us=k̬e||a̋um-us=k̬e||ka̋ȝ-a
!paav-ős||méṡa||ta̋ƣ-l-us||þűűn-us=k̬e||a̋um-us=k̬e||ka̋ȝ-a
|-
|-
|road-G.s||along||traveler-N.p||gloomy-N.p=and||miserable-G.p=and||look-IND
|road-G.s||along||travel-AG-N.p||gloomy-N.p=and||miserable-G.p=and||look-IND
|}
|}




*When I ask a shepherd boy where I can find a tavern,  
*When I ask a shepherd boy where I can find a tavern,  
*'''méti mu om̃taðlűs husűs o me̋ta—mum xáru saxm̃e̋e̋som de̋su ma̋ƣu'''—
*'''méti mu om̃taðlűs husűs o me̋ta—mum xáru saxm̃e̋e̋som de̋e̋su ma̋ƣu'''—
:{|
:{|
!méti||m-u||om̃taðl-űs||hus-űs||o||me̋t-a||m-um||xáru||sax-m̃e̋e̋s-om||de̋s-u||ma̋ƣ-u
!méti||m-u||om̃taðl-űs||hus-űs||o||me̋t-a||m-um||xáru||sax-m̃e̋e̋s-om||de̋e̋s-u||ma̋ƣ-u
|-
|-
|when||1s-N||shepherd-G.s||boy-G.s|| to||ask-IND||1s-A||where||beer-house-A.x||find-SUP||be.able-SUP
|when||1s-N||shepherd-G.s||boy-G.s|| to||ask-IND||1s-A||where||beer-house-A.x||find-SUP||be.able-SUP

Revision as of 12:32, 7 April 2019

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive


Text

Qing Ming (Chinese)

First Version

  • A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day;
  • ṡı̋no miim̃aha̋s kinőm sóma főőla:
ṡı̋n-o miim̃-ah-a̋s kin-őm sóma főől-a
drizzle-N.s mourn-day-G.s tear-G.p like fall-IND


  • The mourner's heart is breaking on his way.
  • miim̃lű' sűðo eȝu-ata̋s éna ȝa̋fa:
miim̃-l-ű-' sűð-o eȝu=at-a̋s éna ȝa̋f-a
mourn-AG-G.s-ELIS heart-N.s his=way-G.s on break-IND


  • Where can a winehouse be found to drown his sadness?
  • m̃oinde̋mo xáru de̋e̋saþo ı̋lu ma̋ƣa—táádi eȝu-se̋uƣtam ǧaðe̋ȝa:
m̃oin-de̋m-o xáru de̋e̋s-a-þ-o ı̋l-u ma̋ƣ-a táádi eȝu=se̋uƣt-am ǧað-e̋ȝa
wine-house-N.S where find-IND-PP-N.s become-SUP be.able-IND in.order.that his=sadness-A.s drown-SBJ


  • A cowherd points to Almond Flower Village in the distance.
  • m̃axkőőflu fɪ̋ro da̋bom míƣdalna̋nom sűűta⁝
m̃ax-kőőf-l-u fɪ̋ro-Ø da̋b-om míƣdal-na̋n-om sűűt-a
cow-tend-AG-N.s distant-ABS village-A.s almond-flower-A.s. point.to-IND


Second Version

  • It drizzles endless during the rainy season in spring,
  • kesa̋s ȝe̋e̋ram vŭműƣvi ṡı̋na:
kes-a̋s ȝe̋e̋r-am vŭ=műƣ=vi ṡı̋n-a:
spring-G.s season-A.s PRV=end-ADV drizzle-IND


  • Travelers along the road look gloomy and miserable.
  • paavős méṡa ta̋ƣlus þűűnusk̬e a̋umusk̬e ka̋ȝa:
paav-ős méṡa ta̋ƣ-l-us þűűn-us=k̬e a̋um-us=k̬e ka̋ȝ-a
road-G.s along travel-AG-N.p gloomy-N.p=and miserable-G.p=and look-IND


  • When I ask a shepherd boy where I can find a tavern,
  • méti mu om̃taðlűs husűs o me̋ta—mum xáru saxm̃e̋e̋som de̋e̋su ma̋ƣu—
méti m-u om̃taðl-űs hus-űs o me̋t-a m-um xáru sax-m̃e̋e̋s-om de̋e̋s-u ma̋ƣ-u
when 1s-N shepherd-G.s boy-G.s to ask-IND 1s-A where beer-house-A.x find-SUP be.able-SUP


  • he points at a distant hamlet nestling amidst apricot blossoms.
  • éȝu fı̋rom omén̈anőm méða dűpanto da̋vkom sűűta⁝
éȝ-u fı̋r-om omén-nan-őm méða dűp-a-nto-Ø da̋v-k-om sűűt-a
he-N.s distant-A.s apricot-blossom-G.p amidst nestle-IND-AP-ABS village-DIM-A.s point.at-IND
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