Senjecas - break: Difference between revisions

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==Pronunciation table==
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
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|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
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|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|
|VBLZ = verbalizer
|}
|}


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!ur=éȝ-u||ii=eȝ-ús||o||eȝu=k̬e̋t-om||e=lı̋ð-a
!ur=éȝ-u||ii=eȝ-ús||o||eȝu=k̬e̋t-om||e=lı̋ð-a
|-
|-
|M=he-N.s||F=she-G.s||to||his=promise-A.s||PST=break-IND
|M=3p-N.s||F=3p-G.s||to||his=promise-A.s||PST=break-IND
|}
|}


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*'''9.''' '''pa̋xa''' - interrupt (a fall) by inserting something so that the falling object not hit something else beneath
*'''9.''' '''pa̋xa''' - interrupt (a fall) by inserting something so that the falling object not hit something else beneath
*He survived the jump out the window because the bushes below broke his fall.
*He survived the jump out the window because the bushes below broke his fall.
*'''éȝu tűngom úúda ı̋tom e-t̬ı̋ɫa—hi ne̋ri dűűsis eȝ u-főőlom e-pa̋xa:'''
*'''éȝu tűngom úúda ı̋tom e-t̬ı̋ɫa—hi ne̋ri dűűsis eȝu-főőlom e-pa̋xa:'''


:{|
:{|
!éȝ-u||tűng-om||úúda||ı̋t-om||e=t̬ı̋ɫ-a||hi||ne̋ri-Ø||dűűs-is||eȝu=főől-om||e=pa̋x-a
!éȝ-u||tűng-om||úúda||ı̋t-om||e=t̬ı̋ɫ-a||hi||ne̋ri-Ø||dűűs-is||eȝu=főől-om||e=pa̋x-a
|-
|-
|he-N.s||window-A.s||out.of||jump-A.s||PST=survive-IND||because||below-ABS||bush-N.p||his=fall-A.s||PST=stop-IND
|3p-N.s||window-A.s||out.of||jump-A.s||PST=survive-IND||because||below-ABS||bush-N.p||his=fall-A.s||PST=stop-IND
|}
|}


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*'''11.''' '''de̋usa''' - pass the most dangerous part of the illness
*'''11.''' '''de̋usa''' - pass the most dangerous part of the illness
*His fever broke at dawn.
*His fever broke at dawn.
*'''vu-ðe̋ɫo vaiƣa̋s e-de̋usa:'''
*'''eȝu-ðe̋ɫo vaiƣa̋s e-de̋usa:'''
:{|
:{|
!su=ðe̋ɫ-o||vaiƣ-a̋s||e=de̋us-a
!eȝu=ðe̋ɫ-o||vaiƣ-a̋s||e=de̋us-a
|-
|-
|his=fever-N.s||dawn-G.s||PST=stop-IND
|his=fever-N.s||dawn-G.s||PST=stop-IND

Revision as of 09:08, 11 August 2018

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) COL = collective EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PST = past
2s/p = second person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix Q = interrogative particle
ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future OCC = occupation suffix RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis INC = inchoative PRF = perfect SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative ELT = elative IND = indicative PRV = privative prefix VBLZ = verbalizer


Transitive

  • 1. le̋ma - separate into two or more pieces
  • She broke the cup.
  • éȝu gı̋ndom e-le̋ma:
éȝ-u gı̋nd-om e=le̋m-a
she-N.s cup-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 2. le̋ma - crack or fracture under a physical strain
  • The boy slipped on the ice and broke (his) leg.
  • hűsu ȝe̋gom éna e-pı̋za da la̋kom e-le̋ma:
hűs-u ȝe̋g-om éna e=pı̋z-a da la̋k-om e=le̋m-a
boy-N.s ice-A.s on PST=slip-IND and leg-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 3. pűla - divide something into smaller units
  • The merchant broke the bundle into smaller parcels.
  • k̬a̋pu pĭpı̋no de̋e̋gon éna műűtom e-pűla:
k̬a̋p-u pĭ~pı̋no-Ø de̋e̋g-on éna műűt-om e=pűl-a
merchant-N.s ELT~small-ABS parcel-A.p into bundle-A.s PST=divide-IND


  • 4. dusre̋e̋da - crush the spirit
  • This method of torture will surely break the prisoner.
  • gunős i-mőődo kísu kőlaþum u-dusre̋e̋da:
gun-ős i=mőőd-o kísu kőlaþ-um u=dus=re̋e̋d-a
torture-G.s this=method-N.s surely prisoner-A.s FUT=dis-=cheer-IND


  • 5. dőma - cause to lose the will
  • You have to break a horse before you can ride.
  • tu mőrem dőmu ke̋la—fési mı̋mu ma̋ƣa:
t-u mőr-em dőm-u ke̋l-a fési mı̋m-u ma̋ƣ-a
2s-N horse-A.s break-SUP must-IND before ride-SUP be.able-IND


  • 6. ðe̋ża - interrupt; destroy the continuity of; dissolve or terminate
  • The explosion broke the silence.
  • na̋bo sa̋a̋mom e-ðe̋ża:
na̋b-o sa̋a̋m-om e=ðe̋ż-a
explosion-N.s silence-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 7. lı̋ða - violate, not adhere to
  • He broke his promise to her.
  • ur-éȝu ii-eȝús o eȝu-k̬e̋tom e-lı̋ða:
ur=éȝ-u ii=eȝ-ús o eȝu=k̬e̋t-om e=lı̋ð-a
M=3p-N.s F=3p-G.s to his=promise-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 8. m̃ine̋uda - stop, or to cause to stop, functioning properly or altogether
  • Did you break the churn?
  • tu k̨őőrlom m̃ine̋udame:
t-u k̨őőr-l-om m̃i=ne̋ud-a=me
2s-N churn-INS-A.s CONV=utilize-IND=Q


  • 9. pa̋xa - interrupt (a fall) by inserting something so that the falling object not hit something else beneath
  • He survived the jump out the window because the bushes below broke his fall.
  • éȝu tűngom úúda ı̋tom e-t̬ı̋ɫa—hi ne̋ri dűűsis eȝu-főőlom e-pa̋xa:
éȝ-u tűng-om úúda ı̋t-om e=t̬ı̋ɫ-a hi ne̋ri-Ø dűűs-is eȝu=főől-om e=pa̋x-a
3p-N.s window-A.s out.of jump-A.s PST=survive-IND because below-ABS bush-N.p his=fall-A.s PST=stop-IND


Intransitive

  • 10. őna - be overwhelmed with sorrow or grief
  • My heart is breaking.
  • mu-sűðo őna:
mu=sűð-o őn-a
my=heart-N.s be.overwhelmed.with.grief-IND


  • 11. de̋usa - pass the most dangerous part of the illness
  • His fever broke at dawn.
  • eȝu-ðe̋ɫo vaiƣa̋s e-de̋usa:
eȝu=ðe̋ɫ-o vaiƣ-a̋s e=de̋us-a
his=fever-N.s dawn-G.s PST=stop-IND


  • 12. vı̋ra - collapse into surf
  • I see waves breaking on the shore.
  • mu k̨űdom éna vı̋ranto da̋lo' na̋ka:
m-u k̨űd-om éna vı̋r-a-nto-Ø da̋l-o-' na̋k-a
1s-N shore-A.s on collapse-IND-AP-ABS wave-A.p-ELIS see-IND


  • 13. þűka - end of a storm or spell of weather
  • I hope this hot weather breaks before our trip.
  • mu—tı̋ı̋þo i-la̋þo m̃u-taƣős fésa þűku—ı̋ṡa:
m-u tı̋ı̋þo-Ø i=la̋þ-o m̃u=taƣ-ős fésa þűk-u ı̋ṡ-a
1s-N hot-ABS this=weather-N.s our=trip-G.s before finish-SUP hope-IND


  • 14. żűka - interrupt or cease one's work or occupation temporarily
  • Let's (take a) break, then start again.
  • m̃ú żűke: pósu náánu tőde:
m̃-ú żűk-e pósu náánu tőd-e
1p-V pause-IMP then again begin-IMP
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