Senjecas - ahead: Difference between revisions

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m (→‎Pronunciation chart: Orthography revision.)
m (Grammar corrections. Style revison. Glossing table updated.)
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===Pronunciation table===
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
:{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
!p
!p
!b
!b
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===Glossing abbreviations===
==Glossing abbreviations==
::{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
:{|
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
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|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|PST = past
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|CONV = conversive
|F = feminine
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|INT = intensive prefix
|QUOT = direct quotation
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|-
|-
|3p/m = third person [[Wikipedia:Demonstrative#distal and proximal demonstratives|proximal/medial]]
|
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DIM = diminutive
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|M = masculine
|REL = [[Wikipedia:Relativizer|relativizer]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
|-
|-
|4 = [[Wikipedia:Obviative|fourth person]]
|
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|FUT = future
|PP = patient (past) participle
|OCC = occupation suffix
|RPRF = recent perfective
|RPRF = recent perfective
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|IMP = imperative
|PRF = perfect
|PP = patient (past) participle
|SBJ = subjunctive
|SBJ = subjunctive
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|
|
|
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PST = past
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|
|
|}
|}




===Adverb===
==Adverb==
*1. '''réiþim'''- beyond the head of the ship, toward the prow
*'''1.''' '''réiþim'''- beyond the head of the ship, toward the prow
::'''őra m̃a̋ka réiþim:'''
*Full steam ahead!
::Full steam ahead!
*'''őra m̃a̋ka réiþim:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!őra-Ø||m̃a̋k-a||réiþim
!őra-Ø||m̃a̋k-a||réiþim
|-
|-
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*2. ''' n̨ófþi''' - in or to the front; in advance; ahead
*'''dı̋mo ṡa n̨óófþi ðe̋e̋a:'''
::'''dı̋mo ṡa n̨ófþi ðe̋e̋a:'''
*'''2.''' ''' n̨óófþi''' - in or to the front; in advance; ahead
::The island lies just ahead.
*The island lies just ahead.
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!dı̋m-o||ṡa||n̨ófþi||ðe̋e̋-a
!dı̋m-o||ṡa||n̨ófþi||ðe̋e̋-a
|-
|-
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*3. '''n̨ófþi''' - in the direction one is facing or moving
*'''3.''' '''n̨óófþi''' - in the direction one is facing or moving
::'''tu ṡa n̨ófþi fa̋a̋kon na̋ku ma̋a̋ƣƣa:'''
*Just ahead you can see the cliffs.
::Just ahead you can see the cliffs.
*'''tu ṡa n̨ófþi fa̋a̋kon na̋ku ma̋ƣa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!t-u||ṡa||n̨óófþi||fa̋a̋k-on||na̋k-u||ma̋ƣ-a
!t-u||ṡa||n̨ófþi||fa̋a̋k-on||na̋k-u||ma̋a̋ƣ-a
|-
|-
|2s-N||just||ahead||cliff-A.p||see-SUP||be.able-IND
|2s-N||just||ahead||cliff-A.p||see-SUP||be.able-IND
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*4. '''pósu''' - in the future, preceding, afterwards
*'''4.''' '''pósu''' - in the future, preceding, afterwards
::'''ka̋la ke̋e̋sas pós' u-vűűla:'''
*There will be hard times ahead.
:: There will be hard times ahead.
*'''ka̋la ke̋e̋sas pós' u-vűűla:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!ka̋la-Ø||ke̋e̋s-as||pós-'||u=vűűl-a
!ka̋la-Ø||ke̋e̋s-as||pós-'||u=vűűl-a
|-
|-
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*5. '''mĭme̋m̃u''' - having progressed more.
*'''5.''' '''mĭme̋m̃u''' - having progressed more.
::'''su-dokű' sóma luxsaar̈a̋s túȝa mĭme̋m̃u vűűa:'''
*He is ahead of his class in math.
::He is ahead of his class in math.
*'''eȝu-dokű' sóma luxsaar̈a̋s túȝa mĭme̋m̃aþu vűűa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!eȝu=dok-ű-'||sóma||luxsaar̈-a̋s||túȝa||mĭ ~me̋m̃-a-þ-u||vűű-a
!su=dok-ű-'||sóma||luxsaar̈-a̋s||túȝa||mĭ ~me̋m̃-a-þ-u||vűű-a
|-
|-
|his=class-G.s-ELIS||than||math-G.s||with.respect.to||ELT~advance-IND-PP-N.s||be-IND
|his=class-G.s-ELIS||than||math-G.s||with.respect.to||ELT~advance-IND-PP-N.s||be-IND
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===Postposition===
==Postposition==
*6. '''n̨ópa''' - in front of, before
*'''6.''' '''n̨óópa''' - in front of, before
::'''ra̋ȝo núm n̨ópa sésvi e-ðe̋e̋a:'''
*A hill loomed ahead of them.
::A hill loomed ahead of them.
*'''ra̋ȝo eȝúm n̨óópa šínvi e-ðe̋e̋a:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!ra̋ȝ-o||eȝ-úm||n̨óópa||šín-vi||e=ðe̋e̋-a
!ra̋ȝ-o||n-úm||n̨ópa||šín-vi||e=ðe̋e̋-a
|-
|-
|hill-N.s||3-G.p||ahead.of||threatening-ADV||PST=lie-IND
|hill-N.s||they-G.p||ahead.of||threatening-ADV||PST=lie-IND
|}
|}




*7. '''n̨ópa''' - in advance of
*'''7.''' '''n̨óópa''' - in advance of
::'''ı̋ı̋ƣa b̨őlan b̨őlantu. su-m̃a̋lum n̨ópa e-ta̋ƣa:'''
*He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements
::He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements
*'''ı̋ı̋ƣa b̨őlan b̨őlantu. eȝu-m̃a̋l̤um n̨óópa e-ta̋ƣa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!ı̋ı̋ƣa-Ø||b̨ől-an||b̨ől-a-ntu-Ø||eȝ-u||m̃a̋l-l-um||n̨óópa||e=ta̋ƣ-a
!ı̨̋ƣa-Ø||b̨ől-an||b̨ől-a-ntu-Ø||su=m̃a̋l-um||n̨ópa||e=ta̋ƣ-a
|-
|-
|necessary-ABS||arrangement-A.p||arrange-IND-AP-ABS||his=master-A.s||in.advance.of||PST=travel-IND
|necessary-ABS||arrangement-A.p||arrange-IND-AP-ABS||he-N.s||strengthen-AG-A.s||in.advance.of||PST=travel-IND
|}
|}




*8. '''n̨ópa''' - preceding; before
*'''8.''' '''n̨óópa''' - preceding; before
::'''tús n̨ópa pı̋ðo ta̋ƣom ƣe̋va:'''
*You have a long trip ahead of you.
::You have a long trip ahead of you.
*'''tús n̨óópa pı̋ðo ta̋ƣom ƣe̋va:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!t-ús||n̨óópa||pı̋ðo-Ø||ta̋ƣ-om||ƣe̋v-a
!t-ús||n̨ópa||pı̋ðo-Ø||ta̋ƣ-om||ƣe̋v-a
|-
|-
|2s-G||ahead.of||long-ABS||trip-A.s||have-IND
|2s-G||ahead.of||long-ABS||trip-A.s||have-IND
|}
|}

Revision as of 06:47, 19 March 2018

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PST = past
2s/p = second person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix Q = interrogative particle
ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future OCC = occupation suffix RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis INC = inchoative PRF = perfect SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) ELT = elative IND = indicative PRV = privative prefix


Adverb

  • 1. réiþim- beyond the head of the ship, toward the prow
  • Full steam ahead!
  • őra m̃a̋ka réiþim:
őra-Ø m̃a̋k-a réiþim
all-ABS power-N.s ahead


  • dı̋mo ṡa n̨óófþi ðe̋e̋a:
  • 2. n̨óófþi - in or to the front; in advance; ahead
  • The island lies just ahead.
dı̋m-o ṡa n̨ófþi ðe̋e̋-a
island-N.s just ahead lie-IND


  • 3. n̨óófþi - in the direction one is facing or moving
  • Just ahead you can see the cliffs.
  • tu ṡa n̨ófþi fa̋a̋kon na̋ku ma̋ƣa:
t-u ṡa n̨óófþi fa̋a̋k-on na̋k-u ma̋ƣ-a
2s-N just ahead cliff-A.p see-SUP be.able-IND


  • 4. pósu - in the future, preceding, afterwards
  • There will be hard times ahead.
  • ka̋la ke̋e̋sas pós' u-vűűla:
ka̋la-Ø ke̋e̋s-as pós-' u=vűűl-a
hard-ABS time-N.p ahead-ELIS PST=there.be-IND


  • 5. mĭme̋m̃u - having progressed more.
  • He is ahead of his class in math.
  • eȝu-dokű' sóma luxsaar̈a̋s túȝa mĭme̋m̃aþu vűűa:
eȝu=dok-ű-' sóma luxsaar̈-a̋s túȝa mĭ ~me̋m̃-a-þ-u vűű-a
his=class-G.s-ELIS than math-G.s with.respect.to ELT~advance-IND-PP-N.s be-IND


Postposition

  • 6. n̨óópa - in front of, before
  • A hill loomed ahead of them.
  • ra̋ȝo eȝúm n̨óópa šínvi e-ðe̋e̋a:
ra̋ȝ-o eȝ-úm n̨óópa šín-vi e=ðe̋e̋-a
hill-N.s they-G.p ahead.of threatening-ADV PST=lie-IND


  • 7. n̨óópa - in advance of
  • He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements
  • ı̋ı̋ƣa b̨őlan b̨őlantu. eȝu-m̃a̋l̤um n̨óópa e-ta̋ƣa:
ı̋ı̋ƣa-Ø b̨ől-an b̨ől-a-ntu-Ø eȝ-u m̃a̋l-l-um n̨óópa e=ta̋ƣ-a
necessary-ABS arrangement-A.p arrange-IND-AP-ABS he-N.s strengthen-AG-A.s in.advance.of PST=travel-IND


  • 8. n̨óópa - preceding; before
  • You have a long trip ahead of you.
  • tús n̨óópa pı̋ðo ta̋ƣom ƣe̋va:
t-ús n̨óópa pı̋ðo-Ø ta̋ƣ-om ƣe̋v-a
2s-G ahead.of long-ABS trip-A.s have-IND
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