Senjecas - with

Pronunciation table

p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ǫ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural	V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = knment	Q = interrogative particle
2s/p = second person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	QUOT = direct quotation
3p/m = third person proximal/medial	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FRQ = frequentative	M = masculine	REL = relativizer
4 = fourth person	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	FUT = future	PP = patient (past) participle	RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	EP = epenthesis	IMP = imperative	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)			IND = indicative	PST = past

• 1. þóósa - against

(nu) nu-ża̋mum þóósa e-ṡa̋ta:

He was fighting with his brother.

n-u	nu=ża̋m-um	þóósa	e=ṡa̋t-a
3-N.s	his=brother-A.s	against	PST=fight-IND

• 2. súna - in the company of

(nu) nu-vı̋lon súna e-ǧe̋ma:

He came with his friends.

n-u	nu=vı̋l-on	súna	e=ǧe̋m-a
3-N.s	his=friend-A.p	with	PST=come-IND

• 3. éta - in addition to; as an accessory to

ȝunta̋ðlu xirős éta mőrem e-sa̋a:

The cowboy bought the horse (along) with the saddle.

ȝun-ta̋ð-l-u	xir-ős	éta	mőr-em	e=sa̋-a:
cow-herd-AG-N.s	saddle-G.s	with	horse-A.s	PST=buy-IND

• 4. ríza - in support of

m̃us i-daarős éna tús ríza e̋sa:

We are with you in this task.

m̃-us	i=daar-ős	éna	t-ús	ríza	e̋s-a
1p.N	this=task-G.s	in	2s-G	with	be-IND

• 5. xéma - by means or agency of

siimlős xéma nom sı̋ı̋me:

Cut that with a knife.

siim-l-ős	xéma	n-om	sı̋ı̋m-e
cut-INS-G.s	with	3-A.s	cut-IMP

• 6. šéða - Having as a possession, attribute or characteristic.

mu-gűsu nihős šéða m̃ı̋ru e̋sa:

My uncle is the man with the beard.

mu=gűs-u	nih-ős	šéða	m̃ı̋r-u	e̋s-a
my=uncle-N.s	beard-G.s	with	man-N.s	be-IND

• 7. éȝa – in the charge or keeping of

mu dislűs éȝa i-mı̋þom u-te̋m̃a:

I will leave this letter with the guard.

m-u	dis-l-űs	éȝa	i=mı̋þ-om	u=te̋m̃-a
1s-N	guard-AG-G.s	with	this=letter-A.s	FUT=leave-IND

• 8. n̨áxa – in spite of

mőre ne-m̃alta̋s n̨áxa m̃e̋ƣom da̋bu fe̋e̋a:

With all its strength the horse could not pull the wagon.

mőr-e	ne=m̃alt-a̋s	n̨áxa	m̃e̋ƣ-om	da̋b-u	fe̋e̋-a
horse-N.s	its=strength-G.s	with	wagon-A.s	pull-SUP	be.unable-IND

• 9. méta – at the same time as

m̃ús ṡum̃aaȝa̋' suule̋s méta e̋e̋ge:

Let's get up tomorrow morning with the sun.

m̃-ús	ṡum̃-aaȝ-a̋-'	suul-e̋s	méta	e̋e̋g-e
1p-N	tomorrow-morning-G.s-ELIS	sun-G.s	with	arise-IMP

• 10. ha – as a result or a consequence of

ǧe̋nus naaa̋s ha e-ðe̋la—méti e-na̋ka ve̋rem:

The women trembled with fear when they saw the bear.

ǧe̋n-us	naa-a̋s	ha	e=ðe̋l-a	méti	ve̋r-em	e=na̋k-a
woman-N.p	fear-G.s	with/because	PST=tremble-IND	when	bear-A.s	PST=see-IND

• 11. túȝa – in relation to

pa̋l̨u sŭsűpo dinős túȝa sa̋a̋aþu ɪ̋lu e-ke̋la:

The girl had to be satisfied with the last prize.

pa̋l̨-u	sŭ~sűpo-Ø	din-ős	túȝa	sa̋a̋-a-þ-u	ɪ̋l-u	e=ke̋l-a
girl-N.s	ELAT~last-ABS	prize-G.s	with	satisfy-IND-PP-N.s	become-SUP	PST=had.to-IND

• 12. móóda – in a manner characterized by

raaðta̋s móóda ȝa̋hm̃um nı̋ı̋xe:

Serve the Lord with gladness.

raaðt-a̋s	móóda	ȝa̋hm̃-um	nı̋ı̋x-e
gladness-G.s	with	Lord-A.s	serve-IMP