Senjecas - so: Difference between revisions

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===Glossing abbreviations===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = knment
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|QUOT = direct quotation
|-
|3p/m = third person [[Wikipedia:Demonstrative#distal and proximal demonstratives|proximal/medial]]
|ADV = adverb
|DIM = diminutive
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|REL = [[Wikipedia:Relativizer|relativizer]]
|-
|4 = [[Wikipedia:Obviative|fourth person]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|FUT = future
|PP = patient (past) participle
|RPRF = recent perfective
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IMP = imperative
|PRF = perfect
|SBJ = subjunctive
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|
|
|IND = indicative
|PST = past
|
|}
|}




===Conjunction===
===Conjunction===
*1. '''tą̋di''' - In order that
*1. '''táádi''' - In order that
::'''tu-nomva̋gom þűke. tą́di bu a̋tuke̬ le̋iduke̬ mą̋ga:'''
::'''tu-nomva̋gom þűke. táádi bu a̋tuke̬ le̋iduke̬ ma̋a̋ga:'''
::Do your homework so (that) you can go out and play.
::Do your homework so (that) you can go out and play.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!tu=nom-va̋g-om||þűk-e||tą́di||bu||a̋t-u=ke̬||le̋id-u=ke̬||mą̋g-a
!tu=nom-va̋g-om||þűk-e||táádi||bu||a̋t-u=ke̬||le̋id-u=ke̬||ma̋a̋g-a
|-
|-
|your=home-assignment-ACC.SG||finish-IMP||so||out||go-SUP=and||play-SUP=and||be.able-IND
|your=home-assignment-A.s||finish-IMP||so||out||go-SUP=and||play-SUP=and||be.able-IND
|}
|}


*2a. '''ną́ru''' (''with past tense'') – With the result that; for that reason, therefore
 
::'''mu éstu gɔ̋fu e-vų̋a. ną́ru mımę̋o e̋dom e-ı̋ga:'''
*2a. '''nááru''' (''with past tense'') – With the result that; for that reason, therefore
::'''mu éstu gõ̋fu e-vűűa. nááru mĭme̋e̋o e̋dom e-ı̋ga:'''
::I was still hungry, so I asked for more food.
::I was still hungry, so I asked for more food.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!m-u||éstu||gɔ̋f-u||e=vų̋-a||ną́ru||mı~mę̋o-Ø||e̋d-om||e=ı̋g-a
!m-u||éstu||gfõ̋-u||e=vűű-a||nááru||mĭ~me̋e̋o-Ø||e̋d-om||e=ı̋g-a
|-
|-
|1s-NOM||still||hungry-NOM.SG||PST=be.IND||so||CPAR~more-ABS||food-ACC.SG||PST=ask.for-IND
|1s-N||still||hungry-N.s||PST=be.IND||so||ELAT~more-ABS||food-A.s||PST=ask.for-IND
|}
|}


*2b. '''są́ru''' (''with present and future tenses'') – With the result that; for that reason, therefore
 
::'''mu éstu gɔ̋fu vų̋a. są́ru mımę̋o e̋dom u-ı̋ga:'''
*2b. '''sááru''' (''with present and future tenses'') – With the result that; for that reason, therefore
::'''mu éstu gõ̋fu vűűa. sááru mĭme̋e̋o e̋dom u-ı̋ga:'''
::I'm still hungry, so I'll ask  for more food.
::I'm still hungry, so I'll ask  for more food.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!m-u||éstu||gɔ̋f-u||vų̋-a||są́ru||mı~mę̋o-Ø||e̋d-om||u=ı̋g-a
!m-u||éstu||gõ̋f-u||vűű-a||sááru||mĭ~me̋e̋o-Ø||e̋d-om||u=ı̋g-a
|-
|-
|1s-NOM||still||hungry-NOM.SG||be.IND||so||CPAR~more-ABS||food-ACC.SG||FUT=ask.for-IND
|1s-NOM||still||hungry-N.s||be.IND||so||ELAT~more-ABS||food-A.s||FUT=ask.for-IND
|}
|}


===Adverb===
===Adverb===
*3. '''kéþu'''- To the (explicitly stated) extent that.
*3. '''kéþu'''- To the (explicitly stated) extent that.
::'''le̋iðlu kéþu dűbu e-e̋sa. ṗűvi nes ávu þum e-kų̋sa:'''
::'''le̋iðlu kéþu dűbu e-e̋sa. ƥúvi þus áv̈i num e-kűűsa:'''
:: The actor was so good (that) they hired him immediately.
:: The actor was so good (that) they hired him immediately.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!le̋ið-l-u||kéþu||dűb-u||e=e̋s-a||ṗűvi||n-es||áv-u||þ-um||e=kų̋s-a
!le̋ið-l-u||kéþu||dűb-u||e=e̋s-a||ƥúvi||n-us||áv-vi||þ-um||e=kűűs-a
|-
|-
|act-AG-NOM.SG||so||good-NOM.SG||PST-be-IND||that||3-NOM.PL||immediate-ADV||4-ACC.SG||PST=hire-IND
|act-AG-N.s||so||good-N.s||PST-be-IND||that||3-N.p||immediate-ADV||4-A.s||PST=hire-IND
|}
|}


*4. '''ítu''' – In a particular manner.
*4. '''ítu''' – In a particular manner.
::'''ébi tu nom na̋mo. toáru ítu tę̋e:'''
::'''ébi tu nom name̋ȝa—toáru ítu te̋e̋e:'''
::If you mean that, then say so.
::If you mean that, then say so.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!ébi||t-u||n-om||na̋m-o||toáru||ítu||tę̋-e
!ébi||t-u||n-om||nam-e̋ȝa||toáru||ítu||te̋e̋-e
|-
|-
|if||2s-NOM||3-ACC.SG||mean-SBJ||then||so||say-IMP
|if||2s-N||3-A.s||mean-SBJ||then||so||say-IMP
|}
|}


*5. '''épi''' - In the same manner or to the same extent as aforementioned.
*5. '''épi''' - In the same manner or to the same extent as aforementioned.
::'''(kísu) épi šę̋va ȝe̋ka tús o e̋sa. épi mús o e̋sa:'''
::'''(kísu) épi še̋e̋va ȝe̋ka tús o e̋sa. épi mús o e̋sa:'''
::(Just) as you have free speech, so have I.
::(Just) as you have free speech, so have I.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!kísu||épi||šę̋va-Ø||ȝe̋k-a||t-ús||o||e̋s-a||épi||m-ús||o||e̋s-a
!kísu||épi||še̋e̋va-Ø||ȝe̋k-a||t-ús||o||e̋s-a||épi||m-ús||o||e̋s-a
|-
|-
|just||as||free-ABS||speech-NOM.SG||2s-GEN||to||be-IND||so||1s-GEN||to||be-IND
|just||as||free-ABS||speech-N.s||2s-G||to||be-IND||so||1s-G||to||be-IND
|}
|}


===Adjective===
===Adjective===
*6. '''ƿę̋ri''' – True, accurate.
*6. '''m̃e̋e̋ri''' – True, accurate.
::'''tei tu nom tıtę̋i. no ƿę̋ro e̋sa:'''
::'''ȝa tu nom tĭte̋e̋a—no m̃e̋e̋ro e̋sa:'''
::What you have said is so.
::What you have said is so.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!tei||t-u||n-om||tı~tę̋-i||n-o||ƿę̋r-o||e̋s-a
!ȝa||t-u||n-om||tĭ~te̋e̋-i||n-o||m̃e̋e̋r-o||e̋s-a
|-
|-
|REL||2s-NOM||3-ACC.SG||PRF~say-REL||3-NOM.SG||so-NOM.SG||be-IND
|REL||2s-N||3-A.s||PRF~say-IND||3-N.s||so-N.s||be-IND
|}
|}


*7. '''ı̋ti''' – In that state, with that attribute.
*7. '''ı̋ti''' – In that state, with that attribute.
::'''są́mi ƿę̋so te̋po vų̋a. sǫ́lvi pa̋xo ðurős ha ı̋to u-še̋da:'''
::'''sáámi m̃e̋e̋so te̋po vűűa. pa̋xo ðurős ha ı̋to u-še̋da:'''
::Although the house is warm, it will remain so only with the door closed.
::Although the house is warm, it will remain so only with the door closed.


:{| Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!są́mi||ƿę̋s-o||te̋p-o||vų̋-a||sǫ́lvi||pa̋xo-Ø||ður-ős||ha||ı̋t-o||u=še̋d-a
!sáámi||m̃e̋e̋s-o||te̋p-o||vűű-a||pa̋xo-Ø||ður-ős||ha||ı̋t-o||u=še̋d-a
|-
|-
|although||house-NOM.SG||warm-NOM.SG||be-IND||closed-ABS||door-GEN.SG||with||so-NOM.SG||FUT=remain-IND
|although||house-N.s||warm-N.s||be-IND||closed-ABS||door-G.s||with||so-N.s||FUT=remain-IND
|}
|}

Revision as of 07:51, 21 July 2017

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a õ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ĭ/ /ĕ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = knment Q = interrogative particle
2s/p = second person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) DES = desiderative F = feminine INT = intensive prefix QUOT = direct quotation
3p/m = third person proximal/medial ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FRQ = frequentative M = masculine REL = relativizer
4 = fourth person AG = agent ELIS = elision FUT = future PP = patient (past) participle RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle EP = epenthesis IMP = imperative PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) IND = indicative PST = past


Conjunction

  • 1. táádi - In order that
tu-nomva̋gom þűke. táádi bu a̋tuke̬ le̋iduke̬ ma̋a̋ga:
Do your homework so (that) you can go out and play.
tu=nom-va̋g-om þűk-e táádi bu a̋t-u=ke̬ le̋id-u=ke̬ ma̋a̋g-a
your=home-assignment-A.s finish-IMP so out go-SUP=and play-SUP=and be.able-IND


  • 2a. nááru (with past tense) – With the result that; for that reason, therefore
mu éstu gõ̋fu e-vűűa. nááru mĭme̋e̋o e̋dom e-ı̋ga:
I was still hungry, so I asked for more food.
m-u éstu gfõ̋-u e=vűű-a nááru mĭ~me̋e̋o-Ø e̋d-om e=ı̋g-a
1s-N still hungry-N.s PST=be.IND so ELAT~more-ABS food-A.s PST=ask.for-IND


  • 2b. sááru (with present and future tenses) – With the result that; for that reason, therefore
mu éstu gõ̋fu vűűa. sááru mĭme̋e̋o e̋dom u-ı̋ga:
I'm still hungry, so I'll ask for more food.
m-u éstu gõ̋f-u vűű-a sááru mĭ~me̋e̋o-Ø e̋d-om u=ı̋g-a
1s-NOM still hungry-N.s be.IND so ELAT~more-ABS food-A.s FUT=ask.for-IND


Adverb

  • 3. kéþu- To the (explicitly stated) extent that.
le̋iðlu kéþu dűbu e-e̋sa. ƥúvi þus áv̈i num e-kűűsa:
The actor was so good (that) they hired him immediately.
le̋ið-l-u kéþu dűb-u e=e̋s-a ƥúvi n-us áv-vi þ-um e=kűűs-a
act-AG-N.s so good-N.s PST-be-IND that 3-N.p immediate-ADV 4-A.s PST=hire-IND


  • 4. ítu – In a particular manner.
ébi tu nom name̋ȝa—toáru ítu te̋e̋e:
If you mean that, then say so.
ébi t-u n-om nam-e̋ȝa toáru ítu te̋e̋-e
if 2s-N 3-A.s mean-SBJ then so say-IMP


  • 5. épi - In the same manner or to the same extent as aforementioned.
(kísu) épi še̋e̋va ȝe̋ka tús o e̋sa. épi mús o e̋sa:
(Just) as you have free speech, so have I.
kísu épi še̋e̋va-Ø ȝe̋k-a t-ús o e̋s-a épi m-ús o e̋s-a
just as free-ABS speech-N.s 2s-G to be-IND so 1s-G to be-IND


Adjective

  • 6. m̃e̋e̋ri – True, accurate.
ȝa tu nom tĭte̋e̋a—no m̃e̋e̋ro e̋sa:
What you have said is so.
ȝa t-u n-om tĭ~te̋e̋-i n-o m̃e̋e̋r-o e̋s-a
REL 2s-N 3-A.s PRF~say-IND 3-N.s so-N.s be-IND


  • 7. ı̋ti – In that state, with that attribute.
sáámi m̃e̋e̋so te̋po vűűa. pa̋xo ðurős ha ı̋to u-še̋da:
Although the house is warm, it will remain so only with the door closed.
sáámi m̃e̋e̋s-o te̋p-o vűű-a pa̋xo-Ø ður-ős ha ı̋t-o u=še̋d-a
although house-N.s warm-N.s be-IND closed-ABS door-G.s with so-N.s FUT=remain-IND
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