Proto-Phwaim: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! rowspan= | !rowspan=2 COLSPAN=2| | ||
! colspan="2" | Front | ! colspan="2" | Front | ||
! colspan="2" | Back | ! colspan="2" | Back | ||
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! <small>rounded</small> | ! <small>rounded</small> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Close | !rowspan=2| Close | ||
! <small>Short</small> | |||
| '''i''' [i] | | '''i''' [i] | ||
| '''ü''' [y] | | '''ü''' [y] | ||
| '''ï''' [ɯ] | | '''ï''' [ɯ] | ||
| '''u''' [u] | | '''u''' [u] | ||
|- align=center | |||
! <small>Long</small> | |||
| '''í''' [iː] | |||
| '''ű''' [yː] | |||
| '''i̋''' [ɯː] | |||
| '''ú''' [uː] | |||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Close-mid | ! Close-mid | ||
Revision as of 07:47, 29 September 2016
Proto-Phwaim is a fictional language by Polka Dot. Proto-Phwaim is the reconstructed ancestor of the Phim-Hwan languages, a family spoken for the most part in the central region of Ryusi. It is estimated to have been spoken around 10.000 HW.
Phonology
The reconstructed consonant phoneme inventory of Proto-Phwaim is shown in the table below:
Consonants
| Bilabial | Dental, Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal(ized) | Velar | Uvular | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central | Lateral | |||||||
| Nasals | m [m] | n [n] | ń [ɲ] | ŋ [ŋ] | ||||
| Stops | Aspirated | ph [pʰ] | th [tʰ] | kh [kʰ] | ||||
| Voiceless | p [p] | t [t] | k [k] | |||||
| Voiced | b [b] | d [d] | g [g] | |||||
| Affricates | Aspirated | čh [t͡ʃʰ] | ćh [t͡ɕʰ] | |||||
| Voiceless | č [t͡ʃ] | ć [t͡ɕ] | ||||||
| Voiced | ǧ [d͡ʒ] | ǵ [d͡ʑ] | ||||||
| Fricatives | Voiceless | s [s] | ṣ [ɬ] | š [ʃ] | x[χ] | |||
| Palatalized | s' [sʲ] | ṣ' [ɬʲ] | š' [ʃʲ] | x'[χʲ] | ||||
| Voiced | z [z] | ẓ [ɮ] | ž [ʒ] | ḥ[ʁ] | ||||
| Approximants | v [w] | y [j] | ||||||
| Liquids | r [r] | l [l] | r' [rʲ] l' [ʎ] | |||||
Vowels
The vowel phonemes are shown in the table below:
| Front | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | ||
| Close | Short | i [i] | ü [y] | ï [ɯ] | u [u] |
| Long | í [iː] | ű [yː] | i̋ [ɯː] | ú [uː] | |
| Close-mid | e [e] | ö [ø] | ë [ɤ] | o [o] | |
| Open | ä [æ] | a [ɑ] | |||
Morphology
Nouns
Proto-Phwaim had 13 cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, locative, ablative, instrumental, comitative, terminative, Illative, allative, equative, partitive), two systems of number (singular-dual–plural and collective–singulative) and two genders (human vs nonhuman). A noun stem can take up to 2 types of suffixes:
stem + (number) + (case)
