User:Masako/nkala: Difference between revisions
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== | == other modifiers == | ||
Various moods (or modals) are used to add nuance and subtlety. | Various moods (or modals), aspects, and syntactic markers are used to add nuance and subtlety. | ||
= lexicon = | = lexicon = | ||
Revision as of 10:34, 15 September 2016
sounds
vowels
| Short | Long | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Back | Front | Back | |
| Close | i | u | iː | uː |
| Open | ɐ ~ ə | aː | ||
nouns
pronouns
| Subject | Object | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG | wa- | mwa- |
| 2SG | ni- | ni- |
| 3SG | ∅ | (m)pu- |
| 1DU | pwá- | twá- |
| 2DU | pí- | (n)tí- |
| 3DU | ú- | tú- |
| 1PL | kwa- | skwa- |
| 2PL | (n)ki- | ski- |
| 3PL | ku- | sku- |
verbs
- Pronominal prefix - VERB STEM - tense/aspect-modal
tenses
There are three tenses...nonpast, past, and distant past.
| wanuyá | wa-nuy-á | 1S-eat-NPST | I eat. |
| ninuyí | ni-nuy-í | 2S-eat-PST | You ate. |
| pwánuyayí | pwá-nuy-ayí | 1DU-eat-DPST | We (two) ate long ago. |
other modifiers
Various moods (or modals), aspects, and syntactic markers are used to add nuance and subtlety.
lexicon
These are listed by stem, and do not distinguish nominal and verbal meanings or usages.
- kál - say; tongue; voice; language; talk
- káw - love; desire; dear; care
- kay - earth; ground; land
- kúp - show; evident; witness
- (t)lak - go; move; mobile
- mat - cut; kill; knife
- nak - season; suit; opportune
- nuy - eat; nourish; bread
- pun - vegetable; herb green
- (t)sat - meet; contact
- tan - limit; wall; city
- tum - serve; tend; attend
- túy - advise; prompt; urge
