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| = Adpositions = | | = Adpositions = |
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| * '''nahe''' is used to express inside:
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| ** (The cat is in the box.)
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| ** (The cake is inside that bag.)
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| ** (The scissors are in the drawer.)
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| ** (Bob's in the library.)
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| ** (The computer supplies are in Room 307.)
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| * '''maye''' is used for among:
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| Yamamoto sensei wa gakusei no naka de ninkimono desu. (Mr. Yamamoto is popular among the students.)
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| Kono kasa no naka kara erande kudasai. (Please choose from among these umbrellas.)
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| Soto is used for the outside of things or places:
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| Kodomotachi wa soto de asonde iru. (The kids are playing outside.)
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| Neko o soto ni dashite kureru? (Would you let the cat out?)
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| Ayako wa taiikukan no soto de taberu no ga suki. (Ayako likes eating outside the gym.)
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| Ue is for things sitting on things, the top of things, as well as above things:
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| Jisho wa tsukue no ue ni aru. (The dictionary is on the desk.)
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| Tokei wa tsukue no ue ni kakemashou. (Let's hang the clock [on the wall] above the desk.)
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| Ki no ue made nobotta. (We climbed to the top of the tree.)
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| Shita is the opposite of ue:
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| Inu wa teeburu no shita ni iru. (The dog is under the table.)
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| Ano hon no shita ni sen en satsu ga aru. (There's a thousand-yen bill under that book.)
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| Mae is used for in front of:
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| Eki no mae de matte ne. (Wait in front of the station, okay?)
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| Jitensha wa ie no mae ni oite kudasai. (Please park your bicycle in front of the house.)
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| Ushiro or ura is used for behind:
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| Kuruma wa ie no ura ni aru. (The car is behind the house.)
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| Hako no ushiro ni nezumi ga iru. (There's a mouse behind the box.)
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| Soba, yoko, or tonari are used for next to:
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| Shako wa ie no soba ni aru. (The garage is next to the house.)
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| Miki wa tonari no ie ni sunde imasu. (Miki lives in the house next door.)
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| Gakkou no yoko ni kouba ga aru. (There's a factory next to the school.)
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| Aida shows that something is between two other things:
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| Yuubinkyoku wa toshokan to eigakan no aida ni aru. (The post office is between the library and the movie theater.)
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| Watashi no kasa wa reizouko to kabe no aida ni atta. (My umbrella was between the refrigerator and the wall.)
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| Mawari is used for around a thing or area:
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| Kare no ie no mawari ni tambo ga aru. (There are rice paddies around his house.)
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| Bokutachi wa Awaji Shima no mawari o doraibu shita. (We drove around Awaji Island.)
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| Ni shows motion directed towards something:
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| Kouen ni ikimashou. (Let's go to the park.)
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| Sono okane wa fuutou no naka ni irete ne. (Put that money in the envelope, okay?)
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| Ashita Osaka ni iku. (I'm going to Osaka tomorrow.)
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| Ni is also used for in, on, at specific times, days, dates, seasons, etc:
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| Rokuji ni kite ne. (Come at 6:00, okay?)
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| Senshuu no kayoubi ni tsuita. (I arrived last Tuesday.)
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| Sen kyuuhyaku hachijuu ichi nen ni nihon ni kita. (I came to Japan in 1981.)
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| Kara shows motion from something:
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| Kono hon o amerika kara motte kita. (I brought this book from America.)
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| Ano hako kara ringo o totte kudasai. (Please take an apple from that box.)
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| Chikai or chikaku ni is used for near:
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| Kuukou wa chikai. (The airport is nearby.)
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| Watashitachi no ie no chikaku ni takusan no mise ga aru. (Near our house there are many stores.)
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| Tooi (pronounced like "toy") or tooku ni is used for far:
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| Eki wa koko kara tooi. (The train station is far from here.)
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| Kare wa tooku ni sunde imasu. (He lives far away.)
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| Mukai is used for opposite something:
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| Honya wa kouen no mukai ni aru. (The bookstore is opposite the park.)
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| Kanojo wa gakkou no mukai ni sunde imasu. (She lives across from the school.)
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| While mukou is used for beyond:
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| Minato wa hoteru no mukou ni aru. (The harbor is beyond the hotel.)
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| Shokudou wa kaigishitsu no mukou ni arimasu. (The cafeteria is on the other side of the conference room.)
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