Senjecas - sound: Difference between revisions

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===Pronunciation table===
===Pronunciation table===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
::{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
!p
!p
!b
!b
!f
!f
!v
!v
!ƿ
!m̃
!m
!m
|
|
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!þ
!þ
!ð
!ð
!ł
!ɫ
!l
!l
|
|
|
|
!c
!ṡ
!ƶ
!ż
!s
!s
!z
!z
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!g
!g
!x
!x
!ᵹ
!ƣ
!h
!h
!ȝ
!ȝ
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|
|
!š
!š
!ṡ
!s̨
|
|
|
|
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!e
!e
!a
!a
!ɔ
!õ
!o
!o
!u
!u
|
|
|
|
!ı
!ĭ
!ɛ
!ĕ
!y
!ŭ
|-
|-
|/p/
|/p/
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|/ɸ/
|/ɸ/
|/β/
|/β/
|/m̊/
|/m̥/
|/m/
|/m/
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|/ɪ/
|/ĭ/
|/ɛ/
|/ĕ/
|/ʊ/
|/ʊ/
|}
===Glossing abbreviations===
::{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|QUOT = direct quotation
|-
|3p/m = third person [[Wikipedia:Demonstrative#distal and proximal demonstratives|proximal/medial]]
|ADV = adverb
|DIM = diminutive
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|REL = [[Wikipedia:Relativizer|relativizer]]
|-
|4 = [[Wikipedia:Obviative|fourth person]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|FUT = future
|PP = patient (past) participle
|RPRF = recent perfective
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IMP = imperative
|PRF = perfect
|SBJ = subjunctive
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|
|
|IND = indicative
|PST = past
|
|}
|}




===Verb===
===Verb===
*1. '''ðų̋pa''' - said of a whale diving
*1. '''ðűűpa''' - said of a whale diving
 
::'''ze̋e̋me: aƣne̋ƣe ðűűpa:'''
::'''zę̋me: aᵹne̋ᵹe ðų̋pa:'''
::Look out!  The whale is sounding.
::Look out!  The whale is sounding.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!zę̋m-e||aᵹne̋ᵹ-e||ðų̋p-a
!ze̋e̋m-e||aƣne̋ƣ-e||ðűűp-a
|-
|-
|look.out-IMP||whale-NOM.SG||sound-IND
|beware-IMP||whale-N.s||dive-IND
|}
|}


*2. '''sa̋pa''' - ascertain, examine, try, test, probe  
*2. '''sa̋pa''' - ascertain, examine, try, test, probe  
::'''múm num e-sapantűm—nu fa̋a̋ram e-me̋e̋ƣa:'''
::When I sounded him (out), he was in favor of the sale.


::'''ƿús num e-sapantűs. nu fą̋ram e-mę̋ᵹa:'''
::{| Class=wikitable
::When we sounded him (out), he was in favor of the sale.
!m-úm||n-um||e=sap-a-nt-űm||n-u||fa̋a̋r-am||e=me̋e̋ƣ-a
 
::{|Class=wikitable
!ƿ-ús||n-um||e=sap-a-nt-űm||n-u||fą̋r-am||e=mę̋ᵹ-a
|-
|-
|1p-GEN||3-ACC.SG||PST=sound-IND-AP-GEN.PL||3-NOM.SG||sale-ACC.SG||PST=favor-IND
|1s-G||3-A.s||PST-test-IND-AP-G.s||3.s-N||sale-A.s||PST=favor-IND
|}
|}


3. '''me̋a''' - ascertain the depth of water with a device


::'''ną̋ɱlus te̋laþo ðųős xéma hurős ca̋ltam e-me̋a:'''
*3. '''me̋a''' - ascertain the depth of water with a device
::'''na̋a̋m̃lus te̋laþo ðuuős xéma hurős ṡa̋ltam e-me̋a:'''
::Mariners would sound the depth of the water with a weighted rope.
::Mariners would sound the depth of the water with a weighted rope.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!ną̋ɱl-us||te̋l-a-þo-Ø||ðų-ős||xéma||hur-ős||ca̋lt-am||e=me̋-a
!na̋a̋m̃-l-us||te̋l-a-þo-Ø||ðuu-ős||xéma||hur-ős||ṡa̋lt-am||e=me̋-a
|-
|-
|mariner-NOM.PL||weigh-IND-PP-ABS||rope-GEN.SG||with||water-GEN.SG||depth-ACC.SG||PST=sound-IND
|sail-AG-N.s||weigh-IND-PP-ABS||rope-G.s||with||water-G.s||depth=A.s||PST=measure-IND
|}
|}


===Noun===
===Noun===
4. '''še̋no''' - sensation perceived by the ear  
*4. '''še̋no''' - sensation perceived by the ear
 
::'''mu m̃e̋e̋som úúda ǧe̋manto la̋ro še̋nom ve̋na:'''
::'''mu ƿę̋som ų́da ǧe̋manto la̋ro še̋nom ve̋na:'''
::I hear a pleasant sound coming from the house.
::I hear a pleasant sound coming from the house.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!m-u||ƿę̋s-om||ų́da||ǧe̋m-a-nto-Ø||la̋ro-Ø||še̋n-om||ve̋n-a
!m-u||m̃e̋e̋s-om||úúda||ǧe̋m-a-nto-Ø||la̋ro-Ø||še̋n-om||ve̋n-a
|-
|-
|1s-NOM||house-ACC.SG||from||come-IND-AP-ABS||pleasant-ABS||sound-ACC.SG||hear-IND
|1s-N||house-A.s||out.of||come-IND-AP-ABS||pleasant-ABS||sound-A.s||hear-IND
|}
|}


5. '''martı̋ȝo''' - a long, narrow body of water between two land masses, inlet, strait


::'''ƿus vaiᵹa̋' se̋mto f̣oþős martı̋ȝom u-ta̋ra:'''
*5. '''martı̋ȝo''' - a long, narrow body of water between two land masses, inlet, strait
::'''m̃us vaiƣa̋' þűnta f̨oþa̋s martı̋ȝom u-ta̋ra:'''
::We will cross the sound at the first light of dawn.
::We will cross the sound at the first light of dawn.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!ƿ-us||vaiᵹ-a̋-'||se̋mto-Ø||f̣oþ-ős||martı̋ȝ-om||u=ta̋r-a
!m̃-us||vaiƣ-a̋s||þűnta-Ø||f̨oþ-a̋s||martı̋ȝ-om||u=ta̋r-a
|-
|-
|1p-NOM||dawn-GEN.SG-EL||first-ABS||light-GEN.SG||sound-ACC.SG||FUT=cross-IND
|1p-N||dawn-G.s||first-ABS||light-G.s||sound-A.s||FUT=cross-IND
|}
|}


===Adjective===
===Adjective===
6. '''są̋ni''' - healthy  
*6. '''sa̋a̋ni''' - healthy
 
::'''nu bűzu tááda sa̋a̋ne mőrem e-sa̋a:'''
::'''nu bűzu táda są̋ne mőrem e-sa̋a:'''
::He bought a sound horse for plowing.
::He bought a sound horse for plowing.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!n-u||bűz-u||táda||są̋ne-Ø||mőr-em||e=sa̋-a
!n-u||bűz-u||tááda||sa̋a̋ne-Ø||mőr-em||e=sa̋-a
|-
|-
|3-NOM.SG||plow-SUP||for||sound-ABS||horse-ACC.SG||PST=buy-IND
|3-N.s||plow-SUP||in.order||healthy-ABS||horse-A.s||PST=buy-IND
|}
|}


7. '''ka̋ili''' – safe and sound


*7. '''ka̋ili''' – safe and sound
::'''nu ka̋ilu e-nőma:'''
::'''nu ka̋ilu e-nőma:'''
::He came home safe and sound.
::He came home safe and sound.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!n-u||ka̋il-u||e=nőm-a
!n-u||ka̋il-u||e=nőm-a
|-
|-
|3-NOM.SG||safe.and.sound-NOM.SG||PST=home-IND
|3s.N||unhurt-N.s||PST-come.home-IND
|}
|}


8. '''ce̋ti''' - complete, solid, secure


::'''nu šǫ́ðvi e-fǫ̋la—hi šįrfa̋los ce̋tos e-vűa ne:'''
*8. '''ṡe̋ti''' - complete, solid, secure
::'''nu šóóðvi e-főőla. hi šiirfa̋los ṡe̋tos e-vűűa ne:'''
::He fell through because the floorboards were not sound.
::He fell through because the floorboards were not sound.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!n-u||šǫ́ð-vi||e=fǫ̋l-a||hi||šįr- fa̋l-os||ce̋t-os||e=vű-a||ne
!n-u||šóóð-vi||e=főől-a||hi||šiir-fa̋l-os||ṡe̋t-os||e=vűű-a||ne
|-
|-
|3-NOM.SG||through-ADV||PST=fall-IND||because||floor-board-NOM.PL||sound-NOM.PL||PST=be-IND||not
|3s.N||through-ADV||PST=fall-IND||because||floor-board-G.p||solid-G.p||PST=be-IND||not
|}
|}


9. '''ᵹoše̋pa''' - quiet and deep of sleep


::'''bą̋lu la̋ltam e-ᵹoše̋pa:'''
*9. '''ƣoše̋pa''' - quiet and deep of sleep
::'''ba̋a̋lu la̋a̋tam e-ƣoše̋pa:'''
::The baby slept soundly through the night.
::The baby slept soundly through the night.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!bą̋l-u||la̋lt-am||e=ᵹo=še̋p-a
!ba̋a̋l-u||la̋a̋t-am||e=ƣo=še̋p-a
|-
|-
|baby-NOM.SG.||night-ACC.SG||PST=INTNS=sleep-IND
|baby-N.s||night-A.s||PST=INT=sleep-IND
|}
|}


10. '''fe̋di''' - heavy, laid on with force


::'''ša̋inu þǫslűs o fe̋do ᵹotų̋gom e-tų̋ga:'''
*10. '''fe̋di''' - heavy, laid on with force
::'''ša̋inu þooslűs o fe̋do ƣotűűgom e-tűűga:'''
::The champion gave his adversary a sound beating.
::The champion gave his adversary a sound beating.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!ša̋in-u||þǫsl-űs||o||fe̋do-Ø||ᵹo=tų̋g-om||e=tų̋g-a
!ša̋in-u||þoos-l-űs||o||fe̋do-Ø||ƣo=tűűg-om||e=tűűg-a
|-
|-
|champion-NOM.SG||adversary-GEN.SG||to||sound-ABS||INTNS=strike-ACC.SG||PST=strike-IND
|champion-N.s||opose-AG-N.s||to||heavy-ABS||INT=hit-A.s||PST=hit-IND
|}
|}


11. '''þę̋xi''' - founded in law, legal, valid


::'''zɔ̋ðlu nąlős túȝa þę̋xo ȝőɱom űda:'''
*11. '''þe̋e̋xi''' - founded in law, legal, valid
::'''zõ̋ðlu naalős túȝa þe̋e̋xo ȝőm̃om űd-a:'''
::The farmer has a sound title to the land.
::The farmer has a sound title to the land.


::{|Class=wikitable
::{| Class=wikitable
!zɔ̋ðl-u||nąl-ős||túȝa||þę̋xo||ȝőɱ-om||űd-a
!zõ̋ð-l-u||naal-ős||túȝa||þe̋e̋xo-Ø||ȝőm̃-om||űd-a
|-
|-
|farmer-NOM.SG||land-GEN.SG||to||sound-ABS||title-ACC.SG||have-IND
|farm-AG-N.s||land-G.s||with.respect.to||founded-ABS||law-A.s||possess-IND
|}
|}

Revision as of 07:58, 21 July 2017

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a õ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ĭ/ /ĕ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument Q = interrogative particle
2s/p = second person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) DES = desiderative F = feminine INT = intensive prefix QUOT = direct quotation
3p/m = third person proximal/medial ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FRQ = frequentative M = masculine REL = relativizer
4 = fourth person AG = agent ELIS = elision FUT = future PP = patient (past) participle RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle EP = epenthesis IMP = imperative PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) IND = indicative PST = past


Verb

  • 1. ðűűpa - said of a whale diving
ze̋e̋me: aƣne̋ƣe ðűűpa:
Look out! The whale is sounding.
ze̋e̋m-e aƣne̋ƣ-e ðűűp-a
beware-IMP whale-N.s dive-IND


  • 2. sa̋pa - ascertain, examine, try, test, probe
múm num e-sapantűm—nu fa̋a̋ram e-me̋e̋ƣa:
When I sounded him (out), he was in favor of the sale.
m-úm n-um e=sap-a-nt-űm n-u fa̋a̋r-am e=me̋e̋ƣ-a
1s-G 3-A.s PST-test-IND-AP-G.s 3.s-N sale-A.s PST=favor-IND


  • 3. me̋a - ascertain the depth of water with a device
na̋a̋m̃lus te̋laþo ðuuős xéma hurős ṡa̋ltam e-me̋a:
Mariners would sound the depth of the water with a weighted rope.
na̋a̋m̃-l-us te̋l-a-þo-Ø ðuu-ős xéma hur-ős ṡa̋lt-am e=me̋-a
sail-AG-N.s weigh-IND-PP-ABS rope-G.s with water-G.s depth=A.s PST=measure-IND


Noun

  • 4. še̋no - sensation perceived by the ear
mu m̃e̋e̋som úúda ǧe̋manto la̋ro še̋nom ve̋na:
I hear a pleasant sound coming from the house.
m-u m̃e̋e̋s-om úúda ǧe̋m-a-nto-Ø la̋ro-Ø še̋n-om ve̋n-a
1s-N house-A.s out.of come-IND-AP-ABS pleasant-ABS sound-A.s hear-IND


  • 5. martı̋ȝo - a long, narrow body of water between two land masses, inlet, strait
m̃us vaiƣa̋' þűnta f̨oþa̋s martı̋ȝom u-ta̋ra:
We will cross the sound at the first light of dawn.
m̃-us vaiƣ-a̋s þűnta-Ø f̨oþ-a̋s martı̋ȝ-om u=ta̋r-a
1p-N dawn-G.s first-ABS light-G.s sound-A.s FUT=cross-IND


Adjective

  • 6. sa̋a̋ni - healthy
nu bűzu tááda sa̋a̋ne mőrem e-sa̋a:
He bought a sound horse for plowing.
n-u bűz-u tááda sa̋a̋ne-Ø mőr-em e=sa̋-a
3-N.s plow-SUP in.order healthy-ABS horse-A.s PST=buy-IND


  • 7. ka̋ili – safe and sound
nu ka̋ilu e-nőma:
He came home safe and sound.
n-u ka̋il-u e=nőm-a
3s.N unhurt-N.s PST-come.home-IND


  • 8. ṡe̋ti - complete, solid, secure
nu šóóðvi e-főőla. hi šiirfa̋los ṡe̋tos e-vűűa ne:
He fell through because the floorboards were not sound.
n-u šóóð-vi e=főől-a hi šiir-fa̋l-os ṡe̋t-os e=vűű-a ne
3s.N through-ADV PST=fall-IND because floor-board-G.p solid-G.p PST=be-IND not


  • 9. ƣoše̋pa - quiet and deep of sleep
ba̋a̋lu la̋a̋tam e-ƣoše̋pa:
The baby slept soundly through the night.
ba̋a̋l-u la̋a̋t-am e=ƣo=še̋p-a
baby-N.s night-A.s PST=INT=sleep-IND


  • 10. fe̋di - heavy, laid on with force
ša̋inu þooslűs o fe̋do ƣotűűgom e-tűűga:
The champion gave his adversary a sound beating.
ša̋in-u þoos-l-űs o fe̋do-Ø ƣo=tűűg-om e=tűűg-a
champion-N.s opose-AG-N.s to heavy-ABS INT=hit-A.s PST=hit-IND


  • 11. þe̋e̋xi - founded in law, legal, valid
zõ̋ðlu naalős túȝa þe̋e̋xo ȝőm̃om űd-a:
The farmer has a sound title to the land.
zõ̋ð-l-u naal-ős túȝa þe̋e̋xo-Ø ȝőm̃-om űd-a
farm-AG-N.s land-G.s with.respect.to founded-ABS law-A.s possess-IND
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