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Ilya: Difference between revisions

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* '''gan''' - to see, seem, visual
* '''gan''' - to see, seem, visual
: '''ga-ya-n''' - I see
: '''gan-a''' - I see
: '''gan-i''' - I am seen
: '''gan-i''' - you see
: '''gayan-esh''' - I saw
: '''gan-esh-a''' - I saw
: '''gaya-ra-n''' - I may see
: '''gan-ar-a''' - I may see
: '''ka-gayan''' - I do not see
: '''gan-ak-a''' - I do not see
: '''me-ga-ha-n-ib''' - Are you seeing?
: '''gan-em-i''' - Are you seeing?
: '''ka-ga-qa-n-esh-e''' - /kagaʔaˈneʃe/ - <small>NEG-see.3SG.NOM-PST-3SG.ACC</small> - She did not see it.
: '''gan-esh-ak-u n-u''' - /kagaʔaˈneʃe/ - <small>see-PST-NEG-3SG ACC-3SG</small> - She did not see it.


== tenses ==
== verb modifiers ==


* non-past - '''-Ø'''
* negative mood - '''-ak-'''
* past - '''-esh'''
* future tense - '''Ø'''
 
* past tense - '''-esh'''
== aspects ==
* interrogative mood - '''-em'''
 
* intensifier; augmentative - '''-uly-'''
* perfective - '''-(i)wa'''
:: This suffix indicates that an action is completed. It is often translated by the English present perfect (''have done something'')
 
# '''ayyemwa''' - <small>eat.1p-PFV</small> - I have eaten.
 
* continuous - '''-ib'''
:: This suffix indicates that an action is ongoing.
 
# '''bennaqibah''' - <small>bite.3p-CONT-2p</small> - They are biting you.
# '''kashahabib''' - <small>NEG-fear.2p-CONT</small> - You do not fear.
 
== moods ==


= nouns =
= nouns =

Revision as of 17:25, 28 November 2015


  • á é í ó ú ñ š

sounds

  • q - /ʔ/
  • sh - /ʃ/
  • y - /j/

verbs

  • gan - to see, seem, visual
gan-a - I see
gan-i - you see
gan-esh-a - I saw
gan-ar-a - I may see
gan-ak-a - I do not see
gan-em-i - Are you seeing?
gan-esh-ak-u n-u - /kagaʔaˈneʃe/ - see-PST-NEG-3SG ACC-3SG - She did not see it.

verb modifiers

  • negative mood - -ak-
  • future tense - Ø
  • past tense - -esh
  • interrogative mood - -em
  • intensifier; augmentative - -uly-

nouns

  • miben - tooth; fang
  • mibenek - teeth; fangs


  • miben - the tooth [nominative / subject] NOM
  • mibenya - the tooth [oblique / dative / accusative] OBL
  • mibenin - of the tooth [genitive] GEN
  • mibenwa - with the tooth, and the tooth [instrumental / comitative] COM
  • mibenai - O the tooth [vocative] VOC
  • mibenta - on/in/at the tooth [locative] LOC

noun classes

  • wa-; ki- - people; places
  • ye-; sha- - trees; weather; natural phenomena
  • ke-; bu- - groups of objects; collective
  • ta-; qi- - tools; artifacts
  • mi-; sa- - body parts and functions
  • ne-; wi- - animals; noises
  • qa-; gi- - abstract; null

pronouns

  • nominative
    • first person [-yV-]
    • second person [-hV-]
    • third person [-CCa(q)-]
  • oblique
    • first person [-(y)i]
    • second person [-(h)a]
    • third person [-(q)e]
plural -k
dual -r(a)

locative affixes

  • a- - static location
  • ti- - inside of an object
  • pu- - under water
  • eya- - into water
  • qe- - on top of
  • te- - under
  • iwa- - through
  • li- - out of
  • she- - above or over
  • imwa- - in the air
  • de- - across


  • hi- - on / at / away from
  • yi- - along / back to
  • ki- - over there
  • pa- - to / towards