ʾAšdu Yat-Vṛḵaž: Difference between revisions

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!Close
!Close
| i
| i
| ɨ
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| u
| u
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   |-
   |-
   | ɛ
   | ɛ
   | e
   | ĕ
   | b'''e'''t
   | b'''e'''t
   |-
   |-
   | e
   | e
   | ē
   | e
   | b'''a'''y, f'''a'''ce
   | b'''a'''y, f'''a'''ce
   |-
   |-
   | ɔ
   | ɔ
   | o
   | ŏ
   | '''o'''r, f'''o'''r, c'''o'''t
   | '''o'''r, f'''o'''r, c'''o'''t
   |-
   |-
   | o
   | o
   | ō
   | o
   | r'''oa'''d  
   | r'''oa'''d  
   |-
   |-
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   |-
   | u
   | u
   | ū
   | u
   | z'''oo'''
   | z'''oo'''
   |-
   |-
   | ɨ
   |-
   | i
   | i
  | ros'''e'''s
  |-
   | i
   | i
  | ī
   | b'''ee'''
   | b'''ee'''
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   |-
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  |-
  |-
  | iər
  | iər
  | īr
  | ir
  | '''ear''', f'''ear'''   
  | '''ear''', f'''ear'''   
  |-
  |-
  | eər
  | eər
  | ēr
  | er
  | '''air''', f'''air'''
  | '''air''', f'''air'''
  |-
  |-

Revision as of 18:47, 15 April 2014

Vrkhazhi (YŠKK YT-VṚḴẔKM Yaškik Yat-Vṛḵaẕīkam) is a Northern Hašakaṃ language of the Athimošiye language family. The earliest form of this language, Ancient Vrkhazhi was spoken around 10 000 years ago.

Phonology

Vowels

Normal Vowel Phonemes
Front Central Back
Close i u
Close-mid e o
Mid ə
Open-mid ɛ ɔ
Open a
Long Vowel Phonemes
Front Back
Close iː uː
Close-mid eː oː
Open aː
Orthography of Vowel Phonemes
IPA Letter Example
Monopthongs
a a bra,father, cot, bad
ɛ ĕ bet
e e bay, face
ɔ ŏ or, for, cot
o o road
ə ë under
u u zoo
i i bee
Followed by an R...
IPA letters Example
iər ir ear, fear
eər er air, fair
ɔər or for, pour

Consonants

Consonant Phonemes
Bilabial Alveolar (Alveolo)-

Palatal

Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal Normal m [m] n [n]
Pre-aspirated hn [ʰn]
Stop Normal p [p] b [b] t [t] d [d] k [k] g [g] q [q] ʾ [ʔ]
Pre-aspirated hp [ʰp] ht [ʰt] hk [ʰk] hq [ʰq]
Dark ṗ [pˤ] ḅ [bˤ] ṭ [tˤ] ḍ [dˤ]
Affricate ḏ [ʦ] č [ʧ~ʨ] j [ʤ~ʥ]
Fricative Normal f [ɸ] v [β] s [s] z [z] š [ʃ~ɕ] ẕ [ʒ~ʑ] ḵ [x] ğ [ɣ] ḫ [χ] h [h]
Dark ṣ [sˤ] ẓ [zˤ]
Approximant r [ɹ~ɾ] y [j] w [w]
Trill rr [r] ṟ [ʀ]
Lateral Approximant l [l]
Lateral Fricative ḻ [ɬ~ɬʲ]
Orthography of Consonant Phonemes
Letter Phoneme Example (in English)
ʾ ʔ uh-oh
Ḵ ḵ x Scottish loch
V v β vet
H h h hall
D d d dog
Ḏ ḏ ʦ beds or bets
B b b ball
S s s sun
Ẕ ẕ ʒ pleasure
Y y j yes
K k k kick
G g g game
L l l lose
M m m mall
N n n no
Ğ ğ ɣ like /x/ but voiced
P p p ball
J j ʤ judge
R r ɹ~ɾ run
Rr rr r trilled /ɹ/
F f ɸ fun
Š š ʃ shun
W w w water
T t t tall
Č č ʧ cheese
Z z z zoo
Ḻ ḻ ɬ no English equivalent
Ḫ ḫ χ no English equivalent
Q q q no English equivalent
Ṟ ṟ ʀ French trois
Ṛ ṛ r̩~ɹ̩ ladder
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