Nother/Drake phonology: Difference between revisions

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| /o/ || {{X|rtl=x|Drake|size=12|h|k|r}} || ''hokkere'' || /(h)okkère/ || "wisdom"
| /o/ || {{X|rtl=x|Drake|size=12|h|k|r}} || ''hokkere'' || /(h)okkère/ || "wisdom"
|-
|-
| /u/ || {{X|rtl=x|Drake|size=12|G|h|s}} || ''ġuhse'' || /ɣùhse/ || "he pours"
| /u/ || {{X|rtl=x|Drake|size=12|G|h|s}} || ''ġuhse'' || /ɣù(h)se/ || "he pours"
|-
|-
| /uː/ || {{x|rtl=x|Drake|size=12|s|v|n}} || ''sūne'' || /sûːne/ || "they"
| /uː/ || {{x|rtl=x|Drake|size=12|s|v|n}} || ''sūne'' || /sûːne/ || "they"

Revision as of 17:27, 12 September 2011

Vowels

Drake has a fairly standard set of vowel positions, /a e i o u/. The vowels /a i u/ may be short or long.

Vowels
Front Near-front Central Back
High i iː u uː
High-mid e o
Low a aː

Any vowel may also have creaky voice applied: /a̰ a̰ː ḛ ḭ ḭː o̰ ṵ ṵː/.

Examples
/a/ TlV ṭalā /θàlaː/ "into"
/aː/ xVnz ḳāneze /xaːnèze/ "three"
/e/ DGl ḍeġele /ðeɣèle/ "sacrificial animal"
/i/ n ni /ní/ "and"
/iː/ Gyn ġīno /ɣîːno/ "wine"
/o/ hkr hokkere /(h)okkère/ "wisdom"
/u/ Ghs ġuhse /ɣù(h)se/ "he pours"
/uː/ svn sūne /sûːne/ "they"

Consonants

Consonants
Bilabial Dental Alveolar Post-alv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive t d k g
Fricative θ ð s z ʃ ʂ ʐ x ɣ h
Affricate
Approximants j
Tap ɾ
Lateral Approximant l

It's unclear how /ʃ/ manages to survive on its own (or if it actually does exist as a phoneme), and whether the retroflex series is actually supposed to be retroflex; they might, perhaps, be palatal, but all I'm certain of is that my notes explicitly state them to be at a different POA than /ʃ/. Many (all?) consonants may be geminated.

Accent

Drake has a pitch accent on the penultimate syllable (2R). When the penult is long, it is a circumflex or falling accent; when it is short, it is grave; in monosyllables with an accent the accent is acute.