Sarim: Difference between revisions
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|'''Plosive/Affricate''' | |'''Plosive/Affricate''' | ||
|''' | |'''b''' /p/ '''p''' /pʰ/ | ||
|''' | |'''d''' /t/ '''t''' /tʰ/ | ||
| | | | ||
|''' | | | ||
|'''g''' /k/ '''k''' /kʰ/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Fricative''' | |'''Fricative''' | ||
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|'''th''' /θ/ | |'''th''' /θ/ | ||
|'''s''' /s/ | |'''s''' /s/ | ||
| | |'''hy''' /ç/ | ||
| | | | ||
|'''h''' /h/ | |'''h''' /h/ | ||
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|'''n''' /n/ | |'''n''' /n/ | ||
|'''ny''' /ɲ/ | |'''ny''' /ɲ/ | ||
| | |'''ŋ''' /ŋ/ | ||
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<table><tr><td>'''i''' /i/ '''ī''' /i:/ </td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>'''u''' /u/ '''ū''' /u:/</td></tr> | <table><tr><td>'''i''' /i/ '''ī''' /i:/ </td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>'''u''' /u/ '''ū''' /u:/</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr> | <tr><td>'''e''' /ɛ/ '''ē''' /e:/ </td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>'''o''' /ɒ/ '''ō'''/o:/</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>'''a''' / | <tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>'''a''' /ɐ/ '''ā''' /ɐ:/</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></table> | ||
Sarim also has the dipthongs '''ai au ei au oi ou''' /ai au ei eu oi ou/, all falling. | |||
===Syllable Structure=== | ===Syllable Structure=== | ||
Revision as of 10:41, 6 April 2009
Sarim is one of the larger languages of the Ke:tic family. It is a strongly head-initial, largely isolating language.
Phonology
Phoneme Inventory
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
| Plosive/Affricate | b /p/ p /pʰ/ | d /t/ t /tʰ/ | g /k/ k /kʰ/ | |||
| Fricative | th /θ/ | s /s/ | hy /ç/ | h /h/ | ||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ny /ɲ/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | ||
| Liquid | r /ɾ/ l /l/ | y /j/ | w /w/ |
Vowels
| i /i/ ī /i:/ | u /u/ ū /u:/ | ||||||
| e /ɛ/ ē /e:/ | o /ɒ/ ō/o:/ | ||||||
| a /ɐ/ ā /ɐ:/ |
Sarim also has the dipthongs ai au ei au oi ou /ai au ei eu oi ou/, all falling.
Syllable Structure
Sarim has a (C)(C)V(C) syllable structure. Onset clusters are made up of one of /m n p t k b d g s h/ + /r/. Word-internally, only /n/ or /s/ can occur in coda position. Word-finally, /n m r l t d θ s h/ may occur. Note that /h/ does not occur following a consonant.
Allophony
- /n/ assimilates to the point of articulation of any following consonant, e.g. /np/ [mp]. Note that /m ŋ/ do not assimilate to the same point of articulation.
- /k g/ are realised as [ʨ ʥ] before /i/.
- /h/ often strengthens to [x] between vowels.
- /r/ is realised as a tap [ɾ], except word-finally, where it weakens to an approximant [ɹ].
- The three short vowels are generally realised as [ɪ æ ʊ]. Word-final /a/ is realised as [ə]. The long vowels are realised close the their cardinal values, although note that word-final long vowels may be realised as short, e.g. /ari/ [æ'ɾɪ] /ari:/ [æri].
- Short /ai au/ are realised [əj əw].
