Gwongbholü: Difference between revisions

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=== Stress ===
Stress in word roots fall on the heaviest syllable (each root can have a maximum of two syllables). {{IPA|/ʔ/}} and {{IPA|/h/}} add 1 weight unit (WE), all other consonants and vowels add 2 WE. If both syllables get the same sum, the one with more affricates is considered the heavier. If still both have equal status, the one with more aspiration is considered heavier. If yet both have the same value, the first syllable will get the stress.


=== Syllable structure ===
=== Syllable structure ===
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==== Onsets ====
==== Onsets ====
The below table shows the allowed two-consonant clusters. The rows stand for the first consonant, and the columns for the second. To be able to tell whether a three-consonant cluster is allowed, for example /kmb/, first check if the first two consonants can cluster {{IPA|→}} /km/ is an allowed cluster in this chart. Then check if the last two consonants can cluster {{IPA|→}} /mb/ is an allowed cluster. Therefore /kmb/ is also allowed.
The below table shows the allowed two-consonant clusters. The rows stand for the first consonant, and the columns for the second. To be able to tell whether a three-consonant cluster is allowed, for example /kmb/, first check if the first two consonants can cluster {{IPA|→}} /km/ is an allowed cluster in this chart. Then check if the last two consonants can cluster {{IPA|→}} /mb/ is an allowed cluster. Therefore /kmb/ is also allowed. The first consonant can't be the same as the last however.
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{| border=1 style="text-align: center; background: white; border: 1pt solid #000000;"
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: white;"| Allowed onset clusters (two consonants)
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: white;"| Allowed onset clusters (two consonants)
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== Grammars ==
[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Table]]

Revision as of 10:30, 27 February 2009

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Gwongbholü
Gwongbholü
Spoken in:
Conworld:
Total speakers:
Genealogical classification:
Gwongbholü
Basic word order: SOV
Morphological type:
Morphosyntactic alignment: fluid
Writing system:
Created by:
Qwynegold


Phonology and phonotactics


Consonants
Bilabial Labiod. Dental Alveolar Post-alv. Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasals m n ŋ
Plosives p pʰ b bʱ t tʰ d dʱ k kʰ g gʱ ʔ
Fricatives s z ʃ ʒ h
Affricates ts tsʰ dz dzʱ tʃ tʃʰ dʒ dʒʱ
Approximants j ɰ
Trill r
Lateral Approximant l


Vowels
Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
High i y u
Near-high
High-mid e o
Mid
Low-mid
Near-low
Low ɑ

Stress

Stress in word roots fall on the heaviest syllable (each root can have a maximum of two syllables). /ʔ/ and /h/ add 1 weight unit (WE), all other consonants and vowels add 2 WE. If both syllables get the same sum, the one with more affricates is considered the heavier. If still both have equal status, the one with more aspiration is considered heavier. If yet both have the same value, the first syllable will get the stress.

Syllable structure

The syllable structure is (C)(C)CV(C)(C) (note however that the first obligatory consonant may be [ʔ]).

Onsets

The below table shows the allowed two-consonant clusters. The rows stand for the first consonant, and the columns for the second. To be able to tell whether a three-consonant cluster is allowed, for example /kmb/, first check if the first two consonants can cluster → /km/ is an allowed cluster in this chart. Then check if the last two consonants can cluster → /mb/ is an allowed cluster. Therefore /kmb/ is also allowed. The first consonant can't be the same as the last however.

Allowed onset clusters (two consonants)
p pʰ b bʱ t tʰ d dʱ k kʰ ɡ ɡʱ ʔ m n ŋ s z ʃ ʒ h ts tsʰ dz dzʱ tʃ tʃʰ dʒ dʒʱ j ɰ r l
p                                                                   p
pʰ                                                                   pʰ
b                                                                   b
bʱ                                                                   bʱ
t                                                                   t
tʰ                                                                   tʰ
d                                                                   d
dʱ                                                                   dʱ
k                                                                   k
kʰ                                                                   kʰ
ɡ                                                                   ɡ
ɡʱ                                                                   ɡʱ
ʔ                                                                   ʔ
m                                                                   m
n                                                                   n
ŋ                                                                   ŋ
s                                                                   s
z                                                                   z
ʃ                                                                   ʃ
ʒ                                                                   ʒ
h                                                                   h
ts                                                                   ts
tsʰ                                                                   tsʰ
dz                                                                   dz
dzʱ                                                                   dzʱ
tʃ                                                                   tʃ
tʃʰ                                                                   tʃʰ
dʒ                                                                   dʒ
dʒʱ                                                                   dʒʱ
j                                                                   j
ɰ                                                                   ɰ
r                                                                   r
l                                                                   l
p pʰ b bʱ t tʰ d dʱ k kʰ ɡ ɡʱ ʔ m n ŋ s z ʃ ʒ h ts tsʰ dz dzʱ tʃ tʃʰ dʒ dʒʱ j ɰ r l

Codas

The coda can have any of the following phonemes: /p, pʰ, b, bʱ, t, tʱ, d, dʱ, k, kʰ, ɡ, ɡʱ, ʔ, m, n, ŋ, r, s, ts, tsʰ, dz, dzʱ, tʃ, tʃʰ, dʒ, dʒʱ, j or l/, or one the clusters below.

Allowed coda clusters
p pʰ b bʱ t tʰ d dʱ k kʰ ɡ ɡʱ ʔ m n ŋ s z ʃ ʒ h ts tsʰ dz dzʱ tʃ tʃʰ dʒ dʒʱ j ɰ r l
p                                                                   p
pʰ                                                                   pʰ
b                                                                   b
bʱ                                                                   bʱ
t                                                                   t
tʰ                                                                   tʰ
d                                                                   d
dʱ                                                                   dʱ
k                                                                   k
kʰ                                                                   kʰ
ɡ                                                                   ɡ
ɡʱ                                                                   ɡʱ
ʔ                                                                   ʔ
m                                                                   m
n                                                                   n
ŋ                                                                   ŋ
s                                                                   s
z                                                                   z
ʃ                                                                   ʃ
ʒ                                                                   ʒ
h                                                                   h
ts                                                                   ts
tsʰ                                                                   tsʰ
dz                                                                   dz
dzʱ                                                                   dzʱ
tʃ                                                                   tʃ
tʃʰ                                                                   tʃʰ
dʒ                                                                   dʒ
dʒʱ                                                                   dʒʱ
j                                                                   j
ɰ                                                                   ɰ
r                                                                   r
l                                                                   l
p pʰ b bʱ t tʰ d dʱ k kʰ ɡ ɡʱ ʔ m n ŋ s z ʃ ʒ h ts tsʰ dz dzʱ tʃ tʃʰ dʒ dʒʱ j ɰ r l

Grammars

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