Carune

Carune
Pronounced:	/karune/
Timeline and Universe:	none
Species:	Human
Spoken:	Carune
Total speakers:	23 million
Writing system:	Latin
Genealogy:	Indo-European  Italic   Romance    Italo-Western     Italo-Dalmation      Carune
Typology
Morphological type:	inflecting, fusional
Morphosyntactic alignment:	Accusative-Dative
Basic word order:	SVO
Credits
Creator:	Sectori
Created:	December 2005

Carune was my first, pitiful attempt at a romlang. It has since seen two major revisions. This page reflects the most recent version of Carune starting at the top and moving down as I revise it.

Phonology

Carune has seven vowel phonemes and eighteen consonant phonemes.

Vowels

Vowels
	Front		Near-front		Central		Near-back		Back
High	i									u
Near-high
High-mid			e							o
Mid
Low-mid			e							o
Near-low
Low					a

Consonants

Consonants
	Bilabial		Labiod.		Dental		Alveolar		Post-alv.		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasal		m						n				gn
Plosive	p	b					t	d					c(h)	g(h)
Fricative			f	v			s
Affricate					z						c(i)	g(i)
Trill								r
Lateral Approximant								l				gl

Notes

<e> is realized as [e] when it descends from Latin OE Ē I and as [ɛ] when it descends from Latin AE E. Stressed <e> is [ɛ]. <o> is realized as [o] when it descends from Latin AU Ō U and as [ɔ] when it descends from Latin O. Stressed <o> is [ɔ].

<c> is realized as [k] before <a o u>, and as [tʃ] before <i e>. <g> is realized as [g] before <a o u>, and as [dʒ] before <i e>. <ch> is always [k], and <gh> is always [g]. <ci gi> before <a o u> are realized as affricates without pronouncing <i>. Multiple vowels are usually realized as diphthongs.

Stress

Stress in Carune may be unmarked or marked. Marked stress is shown by a grave accent, e.g. parlarì [parlaˈri]. Unmarked stress falls as follows:

• If the word ends in a vowel or n, stress falls on the penultimate syllable, e.g. parlare [parˈlare].
• Otherwise, stress falls on the ultimate syllable.

Allophony

There are three main allophonic variations that occur in spoken Carune:

• word-final /a/ is realized as [ǝ] in polysyllabic words where it is unstressed, e.g. vita "life" /ˈvita/ realized as [ˈvitǝ]
• intervocalic /s/ is often realized as [z], e.g. usare "use" /uˈsarɛ/ realized as [uˈzarɛ]
• intervocalic /ts/ is generally realized as [dz], e.g. sezi "sixteen" /sɛtsi/ realized as [sɛdzi]

It should also be noted that word-final -e often elides when unstressed, especially before a vowel.