Central Lescealh Faraneit: Difference between revisions
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==Phonemes== | ==Phonemes== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! | |||
!Bilabial | |||
!Labio-Dental | |||
!Alveolar | |||
!Post-Alveolar | |||
!Retroflex | |||
!Velar | |||
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|'''Stop''' | |||
| align=center | {{IPA|p b}} | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|t d}} | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|k}} | |||
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|'''Nasal''' | |||
| align=center | {{IPA|m}} | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|n}} | |||
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|'''Fricative''' | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|f v}} | |||
| align=center | {{IPA|s z}} | |||
| align=center | {{IPA|ʃ ʒ}} | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|x}} | |||
|- | |||
|'''Approximant''' | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|ʁ}} | |||
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|'''Lateral Flap''' | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|l}} | |||
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| align=center | {{IPA|ɭ}} | |||
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==Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit== | ==Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit== |
Revision as of 16:16, 22 July 2008
Central Lescealh Faraneit was the dialect spoken under Harapah rule through out Lescealh. It was given various amounts of special treatment as a de facto lingua franca during that time period.
Phonemes
Bilabial | Labio-Dental | Alveolar | Post-Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stop | p b | t d | k | ||||||
Nasal | m | n | |||||||
Fricative | f v | s z | ʃ ʒ | x | |||||
Approximant | ʁ | ||||||||
Lateral Flap | l | ɭ |
Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit
- uq iq eq oq > ʊq ɪq ɛq ɔq
- q > k
- ç > ʃ
- ɔn ɛn an > an
- in ɪn un ʊn > ɪn ɪn ʊn ʊn
- ɔ o > o
- oʀ eʀ ɛʀ > ɔʀ ɛʀ ɛʀ
- iʀ ɪʀ uʀ ʊʀ > ɪʀ ɪʀ ʊʀ ʊʀ
- θ > DELETES
- ʊ > ə
- ɪ > ɨ
- iV ɨV eV ɛV > jV
- oV uV > wV
- aV əV > V
- ɛ a > æ ɑ
Development of Limited Vowel Harmony
Prior to the universal lenition of /ʊ/, a primitive form of vowel harmony emerged. /o ʊ u/ became /ø ʏ y/ prior to a syllable containing /i ɪ e ɛ/. From this initial system, /y ʏ/ merged to /y/, only for /y/ to simplify to /ui/ and /ø/ to /ue/.
Yet, within the verbal suffixes, this initial form was preserved, resulting in alternating forms depending on the last vowel in the verb's stem. For example,
Boaneicejeih. Boaneic-e-j-eih eat-PRES-REAL-1P I eat.
but
Boneicoejeih. Boneic-oe-j-eih eat-RPAST-REAL-1P I was eating.
as opposed to
Ceuzejeih. Ceuz-e-j-eih betray-PRES-REAL-1P I'm betraying (some one).
and
Ceuzojeih. Ceuz-o-j-eih betray-RPAST-REAL-1P I betrayed (some one).
This affect is not limited to tense markers, as it also affects the third person marker. For example:
Fascejoeh. Fasc-e-j-oeh write-PRES-REAL-3P (S)He writes.
as opposed to
Fascojoh. Fasc-o-j-oh write-RPAST-REAL-3P (S)He wrote.
Frequently the mutation on these two intersect. For example:
Feascuejoeh. Feasc-ue-j-oeh. teach-DPAST-REAL-3P (He/She/It/They) were teaching (some one).
Grammatical Peculiarities
Most notably rej, to have, is no longer irregularly conjugated, but instead incorporated into a genitive phrase. In SLF, one would say-
Rejeih teic. r-e-j-eih teic. have-PRES-REAL-1P goat I/We have (a/some) goat(s).
Instead, the only form used verbally in CeLF is-
Teicearejeaheaz. teic-ea-r-e-j-ea-heaz. goat-GEN-have-PRES-REAL-GEN-1P.S.GEN I have (a/some) goat(s).
Additionally, both zah (not) and sceatej (to be required) were cliticised as prefixes to other verbs, essentially operating as negative and necessitive mood markers. In both, they were heavily simplified in ad hoc form. For example, prior to /a e ɛ ə/ only the /z/ in zah is not deleted:
Zazojoh heim. z(a)-(h)az-o-j-oh heim. NEG-harm-RPAST-REAL-3P 1P.S.ACC. (He/She/It/They) harmed me.
from original Hazej. As for /i ɨ/, however,
Zayleitejeih molein. za-(ei)leit-e-j-eih molein. NEG-greet-PRES-REAL-1P 2P.PLUR.ACC I am not greeting you.
while /o u/,
Zawneujeih dekein. Za-(o)n-eu-j-eih dekein. NEG-see-RPAST-REAL-1P 3P.S.INANI.ACC I didn't see it.
Prior to consonants, however, the /a/ is preserved.
Sceatej simplifies much more regularly, becoming sc- when the verb begins with a vowel and scea- when the verb does not.
Sceadeuvijeih. Scea-deuv-i-j-eih. NEC-climb-FUT-REAL-1P I must go and climb.
Sceileitejih teibein. Sc-(h)eileit-e-j-ih teibein. NEC-greet-PRES-REAL-2P 3P.PLUR.ACC You must greet them.
As a result of the creation of a necessitive, the actual imperative mood (-t-) has become completely extinct in Central Lescealh. Similarly, subject-dropping to form an imperative has also declined, but not to nearly the same level.