Germanic languages: Difference between revisions
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* [[West Germanic]] | * [[West Germanic]] | ||
** [[High German]] | ** [[High German]] | ||
***[[Old High German]] | |||
***[[Middle High German]] | |||
***[[New High German]] | |||
** [[Low German]] | ** [[Low German]] | ||
** [[Dutch]] | ** [[Dutch]] | ||
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***[[Middle English]] | ***[[Middle English]] | ||
***[[Modern English]] | ***[[Modern English]] | ||
***[[Scots]] | |||
*[[North Germanic]] | *[[North Germanic]] | ||
**[[Old Norse]] | **[[Old Norse]] | ||
| Line 37: | Line 41: | ||
****[[Icelandic]] | ****[[Icelandic]] | ||
****[[Norwegian]] | ****[[Norwegian]] | ||
***[Old East Norse]] | ***[[Old East Norse]] | ||
****[[Swedish]] | ****[[Swedish]] | ||
****[[Danish]] | ****[[Danish]] | ||
*[[East Germanic]] | |||
**[[Gothic]] | |||
---- | ---- | ||
Revision as of 21:43, 29 May 2008
Sound Changes from PIE to Common Germanic
These may not be 100% accurate.
- ḱ, ǵ, ǵʰ → k, g, gʰ
Grimm's law
- bʰ, dʰ, gʰ, gʷʰ → β, ð, ɣ, β/ɣ
- b, d, g, gʷ → p, t, k, kʷ/k
- p, t, k, kʷ → f, θ, x, xʷ
Verner's law
- f, θ, s, x, xʷ → β, ð, z, ɣ, ɣʷ (except initially or following IE stress)
Vowel changes
- aː → oː
- e → i
- eː → æː
- ei → iː
- eːi → eː (?)
- oi → ai
- oːi → oː (?)
- aːi → oː (?)
- eu → iu
- ou → au
Listing of Germanic Languages
This article is a stub. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so.
