Tauro-Piscean language: Difference between revisions
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Note that modern Piscean used few of the above tenses, but due to their useful functions, those that were not used have been revived from Old Piscean usage and adapted for Tauro-Piscean. | Note that modern Piscean used few of the above tenses, but due to their useful functions, those that were not used have been revived from Old Piscean usage and adapted for Tauro-Piscean. Verb inflection instructions follow (note that 'infinitive stem' refers to the removal of '-an', '-ian' or '-s' and addition of '-'. '-e' or '-' respectively): | ||
===Present simple=== | |||
Refer to [[Piscean_language#Verbs#Indicative#Non-past_singular|indicative non-past]] | |||
===Present continuous=== | ===Present continuous=== | ||
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To form the present perfect in plural, do as above, but use '-ten'. | To form the present perfect in plural, do as above, but use '-ten'. | ||
===Preterite=== | |||
Refer to [[Piscean_language#Verbs#Indicative#Past_singular|indicative past]] | |||
===Imperfect=== | ===Imperfect=== | ||
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To form the pluperfect in plural, do as above, but use '-uten' and '-juten' in place of '-ut' and '-jut' respectively. | To form the pluperfect in plural, do as above, but use '-uten' and '-juten' in place of '-ut' and '-jut' respectively. | ||
===Future=== | |||
Refer to [[Piscean_language#Verbs#Indicative#Non-past_singular|indicative non-past]] | |||
===Future perfect=== | ===Future perfect=== | ||
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To form the pluperfect in plural, do as above, but use '-inen' and '-jinen' in place of '-in' and '-jin' respectively. | To form the pluperfect in plural, do as above, but use '-inen' and '-jinen' in place of '-in' and '-jin' respectively. | ||
===Grammatical moods=== | |||
The document [[Piscean_language|''Piscean language'']] also shows how to inflect all verb stems to reflect grammatical mood. | |||
Revision as of 07:21, 9 December 2007
| Spreec täropisceesum | |
|---|---|
| Pronounced: | [spɹek tɛəɹopiskesum] |
| Timeline and Universe: | Present, this universe |
| Species: | Human |
| Spoken: | People's Democratic Republic of New Pisces and Taurus |
| Total speakers: | 2 |
| Writing system: | Partridgo-Andersonic alphabet |
| Genealogy: | Indo-European Multi-Western |
| Typology | |
| Morphological type: | Inflecting |
| Morphosyntactic alignment: | Nominative-accusative |
| Basic word order: | V2 |
| Credits | |
| Creator: | Anderson, Partridge |
| Created: | 27 November 2007 |
The Tauro-Piscean language belongs to S.C. Anderson and L.J. Partridge, residents of the territories claimed by the New Pisces and Taurus micronation. Throughout its history, Piscean has belonged to several branches of the Indo-European language family, including Italic and West Germanic. Due to the awkward classification, a new pseudo-branch of Indo-European languages has been created by Anderson: 'Multi-Western', after the languages spoken in western Europe that have inspired Piscean. Tauro-Piscean is essentially the modern Piscean dialect, with some revived features from its history, and the newly developing - now ingested - language Taurusian. Since an agreement on 27 November 2007, Anderson (Piscean) and Partridge (Taurusian) have agreed to work on a joint language and now both moderate the Piscean Lexicon.
Writing system
Effectively, Tauro-Piscean implements an enhanced version of the Andersonic alphabet, the Partridgo-Andersonic alphabet, one in which formerly Partridgic letters are used alongside the original Andersonic letters. When written in the Latin alphabet, Tauro-Piscean contains double consonants; however, in the correct alphabet, any double consonants are replaced with a single Partridgic letter. Also, Tauro-Piscean vowels written in the Latin alphabet with acute accents or circumflexes to mark atypical stress - á, é, í, ó, ú, ĵ - are replaced with Partridgic vowels.
- bb, cc, dd, ff, gg, ll, mm, nn, pp, rr, ss, tt, vv, xx, zz respectively:
- á, é, í, ó, ú, ĵ respectively:
Vocabulary of Tauro-Piscean
Words from Piscean
Due to Piscean's history of borrowing from different Germanic and Romance languages, modern Piscean has 'recessive' vocabulary, i.e. it has words that mean the same as one another in their source languages, but now have different meanings in Tauro-Piscean. For example, there are four words that originally translated as 'day':
- Dominant: 'Deej' (Germanic) - 'day'
- Recessive 1: 'Tag' (Germanic) - 'typical day'
- Recessive 2: 'Scharne (Romance) - 'personal holiday'
- Recessive 3: 'Pee' (Germanic) - 'bank holiday'
The last form was imported into early Old Piscean from modern English ('pé', a corruption of 'day'); the third, into middle Old Piscean from French/Italian ('jarna', compare 'jour' and 'giorno'); the second, into late Old Piscean from German ('Tag'); the first, into modern Piscean from Old English (reformed spelling: 'daeg'). Therefore, Tauro-Piscean could now be compared to English, albeit the language of Anderson and Partridge arguably has a much more consistent method of assigning vocabulary. See also: Piscean language
Reform 07/12/07
The Reform of December has meant that in Tauro-Piscean, the letter G in words of Old English origin will be replaced by the letter J. Previously, in Piscean, some were replaced, but the substitution is now made complete. Observe:
- Godendeej (modern Piscean) > Jodendeej (Tauro-Piscean)
- frignan (modern Piscean) > frijnan (Tauro-Piscean)
- geond (modern Piscean) > jeond (Tauro-Piscean)
Words from Taurusian
Tauro-Piscean, in addition to Romance and Germanic influences, is influced by Taurusian. Taurusian vocabulary is invented spontaneously by Partridge and, as a result of which, can cater for unique words among the Piscean language that often help to make communication quicker and less ambiguous. Observe (Piscean elements of infinitives are enclosed in square brackets):
- pars [bean] - to have mixed emotions
- Hijfíĵs - someone that opposes one's ideas or mannerisms
- Dijnumm - AstroTurf, flat 'artificial turf' used for sports
- Hupíjcort - cross-country running
- Runndajvu - motocross
- Ruscgonstull - registration at regular intervals to affirm attendance
- Cornipáznaj - compact disc (CD)
- Hijvidrool - digital versatile disc (DVD)
- Bude - box set
- lijtáccan - to be taken lightly
- ruffär - shaky/sketchy
- Waterdogg - subwoofer
Tenses of Tauro-Piscean
| Tense | Piscean 'faran' | English 'to go' |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple | Icc far | I go |
| Present continuous | Icc farong | I am going |
| Present perfect | Icc neef fart | I have gone |
| Preterite | Icc farede | I went |
| Imperfect | Icc farot | I used to go |
| Past continuous | Icc wojz fart | I was going |
| Pluperfect | Icc gefarut | I had gone |
| Future | Icc will faran | I will go |
| Future perfect | Icc ajzfarin | I will have gone |
Note that modern Piscean used few of the above tenses, but due to their useful functions, those that were not used have been revived from Old Piscean usage and adapted for Tauro-Piscean. Verb inflection instructions follow (note that 'infinitive stem' refers to the removal of '-an', '-ian' or '-s' and addition of '-'. '-e' or '-' respectively):
Present simple
Refer to indicative non-past
Present continuous
To form the present continuous in singular, add '-ong' to an infinitive stem that ends in a consonant or '-ng' to one that ends in a vowel.
To form the present continuous in plural, do as above, but use '-ongen' and '-ngen' respectively.
Present perfect
To form the present perfect in singular, use the word 'neef' before an infinitive stem that has '-t' attached to it.
To form the present perfect in plural, do as above, but use '-ten'.
Preterite
Refer to indicative past
Imperfect
To form the imperfect in singular, add '-ot' to an infinitive stem that ends in a consonant or '-jot' to one that ends in a vowel.
To form the imperfect in plural, do as above, bue use '-oten' and '-joten' respectively.
Past continuous
To form the past continuous in singular and plural, follow the same instructions as for present perfect, but substitute the word 'wojz' for 'neef'.
Pluperfect
To form the pluperfect in singular, prefix 'ge-' and suffix '-ut' to an infinitive stem that ends in a consonant. If it starts with a consonant, use 'gej-' instead of 'ge-'. For one that ends in a vowel, suffix '-jut' instead of '-ut'.
To form the pluperfect in plural, do as above, but use '-uten' and '-juten' in place of '-ut' and '-jut' respectively.
Future
Refer to indicative non-past
Future perfect
To form the future perfect in singular, prefix 'ajz-' and suffix '-in' to an infinitive stem that ends in a consonant. For one that ends in a vowel, replace '-in' with '-jin'.
To form the pluperfect in plural, do as above, but use '-inen' and '-jinen' in place of '-in' and '-jin' respectively.
Grammatical moods
The document Piscean language also shows how to inflect all verb stems to reflect grammatical mood.
