Þolb

Þolb vocabulary

Language is ergative:

absolutive: no ending ergative: -eþ

adjective ending -r

there are no prepostions. these are done with adverbs.

Word order: V-E-A

• Walm gelþ kolm halbeþ melmr.
• (past) walk house man toward
• The man walked into the house.

• Walm gelþ kolm balþteþ grûmpr.
• The girl walked inside the house.

Overview

Þolb is an ergative-absolutive language. Word order is generally Patient-Verb-Agent.

Nouns - ðâpþtpontek

Nouns are divided into several classes, depending on the type of item. Each class has a special set of pronouns. Ony classes one and two have a first person pronoun. Several of the classes have special words that may belong only to those classes, as well as special affixes. Some words may fall into several classes.

Nouns have four cases: Ergative, absolutive, genetive and dative.

1. Divine/humans of a higher status - twilmerd

This class is used to describe the divine as well as those of a higher social status than oneself, usually royalty. This is the smallest class of nouns.

Prefixes

• Plural marker = wen-
• Ergative marker = keþ-
• Genetive marker = þû-
• Dative marker = tir-

Pronouns

Absolutive

• First person = waþelb
• Second person = nurlemp
• Third person = klondrempt

Ergative

• First person = keþwaþelb
• Second person = keþnurlemp
• Third person = keþklondrempt

Genetive

• First person = þûwaþelb
• Second person = þûnurlemp
• Third person = þûklondrempt

Dative

• First person = tirwaþelb
• Second person = tirnurlemp
• Third person = tirklondrempt

Special words

• kþeltomp - man or woman, person
• þmeltilb - God
• þkwelmport - King
• twilmerd - important person/VIP

2. Humans

• Plural marker = w
• Ergative marker = k
• Genetive marker = þ
• Dative marker = t

Pronouns

Absolutive

• First person = þkwâm
• Second person = meþt
• Third person = klont

Ergative

• First person = k þkwâm
• Second person = k meþ
• Third person = k klont

Genetive

• First person = þ þkwâm
• Second person = þ meþt
• Third person = þ klont

Dative

• First person = t þkwâm
• Second person = t meþt
• Third person = t klont

Verbs - ðâpþthempt

Compared to the complex class system of nouns, verbs are relatively simple. Verbs fall into two types, transitive and intransitive.

There is no tense in the language, but aspect. Aspect and mood are expressed by a word at the beginning of the sentence. These words may be combined together, with a hyphen.

verbs	perfective	continuous	habitually	negative
imperative	mok	þkek	hem	lâmp
would	mâr	þâr	hâr	lâr
negative	mek	þek	hek	lek
positive	milk	þilk	hilk	lilk
want	milþ	þilþ	hilþ	lilþ
must	mump	þump	hump	lump
can	muþ	þuþ	huþ	luþ
need	menð	þenð	henð	lenð
become	morm	þorm	horm	lorm
make	meþt	þeþt	heþt	leþt

Alphabet - kormpbarþt

a â b d ð e g h k l m n ng o p r t þ u û w y

Examples

• Darm halb remp.
• The man has arrived.

• Þkek meþt wipt þkwâm.
• I love you.