Lâmian: Difference between revisions
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Lâmian nouns are inflected by case and number.This is shown by pre- and suffixes, what are added in the following order:<br><br> | Lâmian nouns are inflected by case and number.This is shown by pre- and suffixes, what are added in the following order:<br><br> | ||
'''Case prefix - root - definite article/possesive suffix/demonstrative suffix - case suffix - plural suffix - other suffixes'''<br> | '''Case prefix - root - definite article/possesive suffix/demonstrative suffix - case suffix - plural suffix - other suffixes'''<br> | ||
===Case=== | ====Case==== | ||
Lâmian nouns are declined by 9 cases: | Lâmian nouns are declined by 9 cases: | ||
{| | {| | ||
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|}<br> | |}<br> | ||
<sup>1: A few nouns have this nominative suffix, but they are exeptions.</sup> | <sup>1: A few nouns have this nominative suffix, but they are exeptions.</sup> | ||
===Plural=== | ====Plural==== | ||
The plural is marked with the suffix '''-ane''':<br> | The plural is marked with the suffix '''-ane''':<br> | ||
'''hauri -> hauraine''' ''bulls''<br> | '''hauri -> hauraine''' ''bulls''<br> | ||
'''lôr -> lôrane''' ''signs'' | '''lôr -> lôrane''' ''signs'' |
Revision as of 02:58, 8 June 2007
Lâmian(lâm.:Leithet) | |
---|---|
Pronounced: | léy-thet |
Timeline and Universe: | Alternate Earth, ~4000-2500 BC |
Species: | Human |
Spoken: | South Germany |
Total speakers: | at least 500.000 |
Writing system: | none (but a modified Latin one in this grammar) |
Genealogy: | isolated |
Typology | |
Morphological type: | agglutinative |
Morphosyntactic alignment: | Nominative-Accusative |
Basic word order: | SOV |
Credits | |
Creator: | Ell Crasses |
Created: | June 2007 |
Lâmian was an isolated language spoken by the ancient tribes of the Lâmians, before the IE tribes came into Europe and destroyed their culture.
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
Stops, voiceless | p | t | c | |||||
Stops, voiced | b | d | g | |||||
Fricatives, voiceless | f | th | s | sh | ch | h | ||
Fricatives, voiced | v | dh | z | |||||
Nasals | m | n | ŋ | |||||
Lateral | l | |||||||
Flap | r | |||||||
Semivowels | w | i/j/ |
Double consonants are spoken a bit longer.
Vowels
front | central | back | |
high | i î | u û | |
mid | e ê | o ô | |
low | a/ɑ/ â/ɑ:/ |
The diphtongs are the follow: ei, ai, au
Phontactics
The following syllable structures are allowed:
CV, CVV, CVC, CVVC, CCV, CCVV, CCVC, CCVVC, CVCC, CCVCC.
A syllable must not begin and end with two plosives:
tept, pte, tkatp
But two fricatives can do this:
fthei air
Accent
The Lâmian accent is usually on the first syllable. But if there is a long vowel or a diphtong in a syllable, this syllable is stressed:
e'ôrane swords
son'naiwesh at the snake
If there are more long vowels or diphtongs in a word, the syllable with the first is stressed:
'leithîm of a language
Sandhi
a | â | e | ê | i | î | o | ô | u | û | |
a | â | â | e | ê | ai | ê | au | ô | au | û |
â | â | â | â | ê | â | ê | â | ô | â | ô |
e | ê | â | ê | ê | ei | î | o | ô | ô | û |
ê | ê | ê | ê | ê | ê | î | ê | â | ê | ô |
i | ai | â | ei | ê | î | î | e | ô | î | û |
î | î | ê | î | î | î | î | î | ê | î | ê |
o | au | â | o | ê | e | î | ô | ô | ô | û |
ô | ô | â | ô | ê | ô | ê | ô | ô | ô | û |
u | au | â | ô | ê | î | î | ô | ô | û | û |
û | û | ô | û | ô | û | ê | û | û | û | û |
Examples:
ri you + -uk and -> rîk and you
kerî shield + -et our + îm GEN + -ane PL -> kerîtîmane of our shields
If a diphtong collides with a vowel, the vowel disappears:
lothei hut + -ûta AKK/ALL -> lotheita (to) a hut
If a diphtong collides with another diphtong, a w seperates the two diphtongs:
methau moon + -ai the -> methauwai the moon
Morphology
Nouns
Lâmian nouns are inflected by case and number.This is shown by pre- and suffixes, what are added in the following order:
Case prefix - root - definite article/possesive suffix/demonstrative suffix - case suffix - plural suffix - other suffixes
Case
Lâmian nouns are declined by 9 cases:
pre-/suffix | case |
0/-î1 | nominative |
-îm | genitive |
-er | dative |
-ûta | accusative, allative |
-esh | locative |
-rim | ablative |
-îru | partitive |
ha-...-û | the focus or the theme of a sentence (name?, jap. -wa) |
1: A few nouns have this nominative suffix, but they are exeptions.
Plural
The plural is marked with the suffix -ane:
hauri -> hauraine bulls
lôr -> lôrane signs