Labels for local cases: Difference between revisions
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Please don't remove the title attributes from the cells. | Please don't remove the title attributes from the cells. They are not only helpful when viewing the table, which doesn't fit in one screen for most people, but above all they are indispensable for navigating in the table when editing it: by looking at the header cell describing the type of location and the title attribute you will easily be able to see in which row and column you are. Without them you will easily get lost, since the same English prepositions are used as descriptors in several places. | ||
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{| class="gridtable small sans align-top-left" border="1" cellpadding="5 | {| class="gridtable small sans align-top-left" border="1" cellpadding="5" | ||
! | ! | ||
! colspan="1" | Type of location | ! colspan="1" | Type of location | ||
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! title="type of location" | citerior | ! title="type of location" | citerior | ||
| title="A. at rest" | on this side of | | title="A. at rest" | on this side of | ||
| class="morpho-label" | | | class="morpho-label" | ?cislocative | ||
| title="B. motion to" | to this side of | | title="B. motion to" | to this side of | ||
| class="morpho-label" | | | class="morpho-label" | ?cislative | ||
| title="C. motion from" | from this side of | | title="C. motion from" | from this side of | ||
| class="morpho-label" | | | class="morpho-label" | <nowiki>*?ecislative</nowiki> | ||
| title="D. motion past" | on this side of | | title="D. motion past" | on this side of | ||
| class="morpho-label" | | | class="morpho-label" | | ||
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{{note|translative}} {{morpho-label|translative}} is more familiar as the label for a case indicating "a change into a state", e.g. in Finnish, but it seems correct to use this label also for "motion through something", at least in terms of the general meaning of Latin ''trans''. | {{note|translative}} {{morpho-label|translative}} is more familiar as the label for a case indicating "a change into a state", e.g. in Finnish, but it seems correct to use this label also for "motion through something", at least in terms of the general meaning of Latin ''trans''. | ||
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Revision as of 04:12, 19 March 2007
Labels for local cases[1]
Please mark tentative or doubtful labels with a query (e.g. ?translative ) and newly coined labels with an asterisk (e.g. *preterlative !
| Type of location | A. at rest | B. motion to | C. motion from | D. motion past | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | general | at | locative | to | lative | from | separative | past | *preterlative[2] |
| 2. | proximate | near (to) | adessive | near | allative | from near | ablative | near | |
| 3. | interior | in(side) | inessive | in(to) | illative | out of | elative | through | ?translative[3] |
| 4. | exterior | outside | up to | ?terminative | away from | ?egressive | past | prolative | |
| 5. | anterior | in front of | in front of | from in front of | in front of | ||||
| 6. | posterior | behind | behind | from behind | behind | ||||
| 7. | superior | above/over | *supraessive | above | *supralative | from above | *desuperlative | over | |
| 8. | superior-contact | on | superessive | on(to) | sublative | off | over | ||
| 8a. | surface | on | on(to) | off | delative | over/across | |||
| 9. | inferior | below/under | *subteressive, *infraessive | below/under | *subterlative, *infralative | from under | *desubterlative, *deinfralative | under | |
| 10. | inferior-contact | under | subessive | under | from under | under | |||
| 11. | lateral | beside | apudessive | beside | from beside | past | |||
| 12. | lateral-contact | on | pertingent | on(to) | off | over, along | prolative | ||
| 13. | citerior | on this side of | ?cislocative | to this side of | ?cislative | from this side of | *?ecislative | on this side of | |
| 14. | citerior-contact | on this side of | to this side of | from this side of | on this side of | ||||
| 15. | ulterior | beyond | beyond | from beyond | beyond | ||||
| 16. | ulterior-contact | on the other side of/across | across | from across | on the other side of | ||||
| 17. | medial (2) | between | between | from between | between | ||||
| 18. | medial (3+) | among | among | from among | through | prolative | |||
| 19. | circumferential | - | - | - | round | ||||
| 20. | citerior-anterior | opposite | opposite | from opposite | on the other side | ||||
| 21. | interior (long object) | through/along | |||||||
| 22. | exterior (long object) | past/along | prosecutive | ||||||
| 23. | superior | along (above) | |||||||
| 24. | superior-contact (long object) | along (on top of) | |||||||
| 24a. | surface (long object) | along | ?vialis | ||||||
| 25. | inferior (long object) | along (under) | |||||||
| 26. | inferior-contact (long object) | along (under) | |||||||
Notes
^ This is based on a table of possible local semantic functions in the The Lingua Descriptive Studies Questionnaire, section 2.1.1.5.
^ A more conservative label for "general motion past" might be perlative
which more specifically labels motion "over/across a surface" (8a.d.). Such homonymies arise because the more general and more specific cases seldom occur simultaneously in a single language, so that linguists and grammarians have found no need to distinguish them.
^ translative
is more familiar as the label for a case indicating "a change into a state", e.g. in Finnish, but it seems correct to use this label also for "motion through something", at least in terms of the general meaning of Latin trans.
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