Garonnian/Verbs: Difference between revisions

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| ''-s''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-s''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-d''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-d''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-ms''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-ms''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-ds''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-ds''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-n''<sup>2</sup>
| ''-n''<sup>2</sup>
|-
|-
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|}
|}
First person singular of 2nd conjugation caused palatalization: ''t'' → ''z'' (''partir'' → ''por'''z''''' "I divide"), ''∅''<ref>From a lost consonant ''-n-''</ref> → ''nn'' (''heir'' → ''hinn'' "I finish"), ''v'' → ''g'' (''servir'' → ''siurg​̧'' "I serve").
First person singular of 2nd conjugation caused palatalization: ''t'' → ''z'' (''partir'' → ''por'''z''''' "I divide"), ''∅''<ref>From a lost consonant ''-n-''</ref> → ''nn'' (''heir'' → ''hinn'' "I finish"), ''v'' → ''g'' (''servir'' → ''siurg​̧'' "I serve").
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Imperfect tense
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" | Singular
! colspan="3" | Plural
|-
! First
! Second
! Third
! First
! Second
! Third
|-
! rowspan="2" | 1st
! Declarative
| ''-aa''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-aas''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-aad''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-oms''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-eds''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-aan''<sup>1</sup>
|-
! Interrogative
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-es''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-en''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-amus''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-adis''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup>
|-
! rowspan="2" | 2nd<br>3rd
! Declarative
| ''-ia''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-ias''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-iad''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-oms''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-eds''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-ian''<sup>1</sup>
|-
! Interrogative
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-es''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-en''<sup>4</sup>
| ''-imus''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-idis''<sup>1</sup>
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup>
|}


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
<references/>
<references/>

Revision as of 06:12, 19 January 2022

Verbs in Garonnian is a extremely complex subject, with being conjugated for 4 moods (indicative, conditional, subjunctive, and imperative), 6 tenses (present, imperfect, future, preterite, pluperfect, future perfect), 3 persons (first, second, third), numbers (singular, plural), and also polarity and interrogative conjugations. This page only discusses regular verbs, for irregular verbs (such as errs "to be", air "to have", and herz "to do"), see Garonnian/Irregular verbs.

Overview

  • First conjugation: Verbs ending in -er, the prototypical verb is parler "to speak". It is the most common conjugation group.
  • Second conjugation: Verbs ending in -ir, the prototypical verb is partir "to divide".
  • Third conjugation: Verbs ending in -r, but always subject to metathesis if the final consonant cluster deemed unpleasant (*hezr → herz "to do", *pierdr → prierd "to lose").[1]

Principal parts

To conjugate a verb, one needs 5 principal parts to complete them. It may differ according to conjugation groups.

Conjugation Present Imperfect Preterite Past participle
Singular Plural Singular Plural
I gemst- estm- estem- este- ested
II pert- part- part- part- partid

Indicative mood

Present tense
Singular Plural
First Second Third First Second Third
1st Declarative -∅3 -s2 -d2 -oms1 -eds1 -n2
Interrogative -ue1 -es1 -en1 -mus1 -dis1 -enn1
2nd Declarative -∅3 -s2 -d2 -ims1 -ids1 -n2
Interrogative -ue1 -is1 -in1 -mus1 -dis1 -inn1
3rd Declarative -∅3 -s2 -d2 -ms2 -ds2 -n2
Interrogative -ue1 -is1 -in1 -mus1 -dis1 -inn1

First person singular of 2nd conjugation caused palatalization: t → z (partir → porz "I divide"), ∅[2] → nn (heir → hinn "I finish"), v → g (servir → siurg​̧ "I serve").

Imperfect tense
Singular Plural
First Second Third First Second Third
1st Declarative -aa1 -aas1 -aad1 -oms4 -eds4 -aan1
Interrogative -enn4 -es4 -en4 -amus1 -adis1 -enn4
2nd
3rd 		Declarative -ia1 -ias1 -iad1 -oms4 -eds4 -ian1
Interrogative -enn4 -es4 -en4 -imus1 -idis1 -enn4

Notes

  1. ↑ Although faithful, the verb is not expected to become *pierrd because etymologically the cluster -rr- was stood as /rdʒ/.
  2. ↑ From a lost consonant -n-
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