Valware - Taiwanese: Difference between revisions

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==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
! Latin
! a
! v
! e
! i
! y
! l
! m
! n
! ń
! o
! r
! s
! t
! u
! w
! f
! h
! ʻ
|-
! Taiwanese
| ㄚ
| ㄪ
| ㆤ
| 一
| 一
| ㄌ
| ㄇ/ㆬ
| ㄋ/ㄣ
| ㄫ/ㆭ
| ㄛ
| ㄭ
| ㄙ
| ㄉ
| ㄨ
| ㄨ
| ㄈ
| ㄏ
| ㄍ
|-
! IPA
| /a/
| /β/
| /e/
| /i/
| /j/
| /l/
| /m/
| /n/
| /ŋ/
| /o/
| /ɾ/
| /s/
| /t/
| /u/
| /w/
| /φ/
| /h/
| /Ɂ/
|}
*The letters of the alphabet are arranged in a modified Cyrillic order.
==Consonants==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!
!
! labial
! dental
! alveolar
! palatal
! glottal
|-
! rowspan="2" | Nasals
! voiceless
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! voiced
| m /m/ ~ /ɱ/<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup><br>'''ㄇ/ㆬ'''<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| n /n/<br>'''ㄋ/ㄣ'''<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
|
| ń /ŋ/<br>'''ㄫ/ㆭ'''<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | Stops
! voiceless
|
| t /t/<br>'''ㄉ'''
|
|
| ʻ /ʔ/<br>'''ㄍ'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
|-
! voiced
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
! voiceless
| f /φ/<br>'''ㄈ'''
|
| s /s/<br>'''ㄙ'''
|
|
|-
! voiced
| v /β/<br>'''ㄪ'''
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | Sonorants
! voiceless
|
|
|
|
| h /h/<br>'''ㄏ'''
|-
! voiced
| w /w/<br>'''ㄨ'''
| l /l/<br>'''ㄌ'''
| r /ɾ/<br>'''ㄭ'''<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
| y /j/<br>'''一'''
|
|}
===Notes===
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> /m/ becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> Used when <m> is the syllable [[Wikipedia:Syllable#coda|coda]].
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> Used when <n> is the syllable coda.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> Used when <ń> is the syllable coda.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The voiceless palatal stop <ㄍ> /k/ is assigned the glottal stop /ʔ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> The voiced alveolar approximant <ㄭ> /ɹ/ is assigned the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/.
==Vowels==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!
! Front
! Central
! Back
|-
! Close
| i /i/<br>'''一'''<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
|
| u /u/<br>'''ㄨ'''<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
|-
! Close Mid
| e /e/<br>'''ㆤ'''
|
| o /o/<br>'''ㄛ'''
|-
! Open
|
| a /ä/<br>'''ㄚ'''
|
|}
===Notes===
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> As there are no diphthongs in Valware <一一> must be read as <yi> and not <ii>.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> As there are no diphthongs in Valware <ㄨㄨ > must be read as <wu> and not <uu>.
==Example==
*All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
*'''Owe nuńwu wolo rile o otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.'''
* ㄛㄨㆤ  ㄋㄨㆭㄨㄨ  ㄨㄛㄌㄛ  ㄭ一ㄌㆤ  ㄛ  ㄛㄉㄨ  ㄨㄙㄚ  ㄪㆤ  ㄙㄚㄫㄛ  一ㄨㆭ  ㄛ  ㄙㄚㄉ一  一一.
*They are endowed with reason and conscience
*'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi'''
*ㆤㄉㄨ  一ㄨㆭ  ㄛ  ㄈㄨㄨ一  一ㄨㆭ  一ㆤ  ㄙㄚ  一一
*and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
*'''o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńom wila ve ńohita wafa.'''
*ㄛ  ㄨㄚ  ㄙㄛㄫㄚ  ㄨㆤㄫㄨㄚ  ㄨ一ㄪㄚ  ㄪㆤ  ㄨㄚㄙ一  ㄫㄛㆬ  ㄨ一ㄌㄚ  ㄪㆤ  ㄫㄛㄏ一ㄉㄚ  ㄨㄚㄈㄚ.
*Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1

Revision as of 11:40, 12 May 2020

Pronunciation table

Latin a v e i y l m n ń o r s t u w f h ʻ
Taiwanese ㄚ ㄪ ㆤ 一 一 ㄌ ㄇ/ㆬ ㄋ/ㄣ ㄫ/ㆭ ㄛ ㄭ ㄙ ㄉ ㄨ ㄨ ㄈ ㄏ ㄍ
IPA /a/ /β/ /e/ /i/ /j/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /o/ /ɾ/ /s/ /t/ /u/ /w/ /φ/ /h/ /Ɂ/
  • The letters of the alphabet are arranged in a modified Cyrillic order.


Consonants

labial dental alveolar palatal glottal
Nasals voiceless
voiced m /m/ ~ /ɱ/1
ㄇ/ㆬ2 		n /n/
ㄋ/ㄣ3 		ń /ŋ/
ㄫ/ㆭ4
Stops voiceless t /t/
ㄉ 		ʻ /ʔ/
ㄍ5
voiced
Fricatives voiceless f /φ/
ㄈ 		s /s/
ㄙ
voiced v /β/
ㄪ
Sonorants voiceless h /h/
ㄏ
voiced w /w/
ㄨ 		l /l/
ㄌ 		r /ɾ/
ㄭ6 		y /j/
一

Notes

  • 1 /m/ becomes the labiodental /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
  • 2 Used when <m> is the syllable coda.
  • 3 Used when <n> is the syllable coda.
  • 4 Used when <ń> is the syllable coda.
  • 5 The voiceless palatal stop <ㄍ> /k/ is assigned the glottal stop /ʔ/.
  • 6 The voiced alveolar approximant <ㄭ> /ɹ/ is assigned the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/.


Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i /i/
一1 		u /u/
ㄨ2
Close Mid e /e/
ㆤ 		o /o/
ㄛ
Open a /ä/
ㄚ

Notes

  • 1 As there are no diphthongs in Valware <一一> must be read as <yi> and not <ii>.
  • 2 As there are no diphthongs in Valware <ㄨㄨ > must be read as <wu> and not <uu>.


Example

  • All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
  • Owe nuńwu wolo rile o otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.
  • ㄛㄨㆤ ㄋㄨㆭㄨㄨ ㄨㄛㄌㄛ ㄭ一ㄌㆤ ㄛ ㄛㄉㄨ ㄨㄙㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄙㄚㄫㄛ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄙㄚㄉ一 一一.
  • They are endowed with reason and conscience
  • Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi
  • ㆤㄉㄨ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄈㄨㄨ一 一ㄨㆭ 一ㆤ ㄙㄚ 一一
  • and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
  • o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńom wila ve ńohita wafa.
  • ㄛ ㄨㄚ ㄙㄛㄫㄚ ㄨㆤㄫㄨㄚ ㄨ一ㄪㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄨㄚㄙ一 ㄫㄛㆬ ㄨ一ㄌㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄫㄛㄏ一ㄉㄚ ㄨㄚㄈㄚ.


  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1
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