Valware - Georgian: Difference between revisions
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m (Revisions.) |
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! Latin | ! Latin | ||
! a | ! a | ||
! e | ! e | ||
! f | |||
! h | |||
! i | ! i | ||
! | ! k | ||
! l | ! l | ||
! m | ! m | ||
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! t | ! t | ||
! u | ! u | ||
! v | |||
! w | ! w | ||
! | ! y | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Georgian | ||
| ა | | ა | ||
| ე | | ე | ||
| ჶ | |||
| ჰ | |||
| ი | | ი | ||
| | | ქ | ||
| ლ | | ლ | ||
| მ | | მ | ||
| Line 38: | Line 39: | ||
| ტ | | ტ | ||
| უ | | უ | ||
| ვ | |||
| ჳ | | ჳ | ||
| | | ჲ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! IPA | ! IPA | ||
| /a/ | | /a/ | ||
| /e/ | | /e/ | ||
| /φ/ | |||
| /h/ | |||
| /i/ | | /i/ | ||
| / | | /k/ | ||
| /l/ | | /l/ | ||
| /m/ | | /m/ | ||
| Line 58: | Line 59: | ||
| /t/ | | /t/ | ||
| /u/ | | /u/ | ||
| /β/ | |||
| /w/ | | /w/ | ||
| / | | /j/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| t /t/<br>'''ტ''' | | t /t/<br>'''ტ''' | ||
| | | | ||
| k /k/<br>'''ქ''' | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
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! rowspan="2" | Fricatives | ! rowspan="2" | Fricatives | ||
! voiceless | ! voiceless | ||
| f /φ/<br>'''ჶ'''<sup>{{Color|red| | | f /φ/<br>'''ჶ'''<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| s /s/<br>'''ს''' | | s /s/<br>'''ს''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| w /w/<br>'''ჳ'''<sup>{{Color|red| | | w /w/<br>'''ჳ'''<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> | ||
| l /l/<br>'''ლ''' | | l /l/<br>'''ლ''' | ||
| r /ɾ/<br>'''რ''' | | r /ɾ/<br>'''რ''' | ||
| y /j/<br>'''ჲ'''<sup>{{Color|red| | | y /j/<br>'''ჲ'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
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===Notes=== | ===Notes=== | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> /m/ becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> /m/ becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The voiced velar stop /g/ is assigned to the voiced velar nasal /ŋ/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The voiced velar stop /g/ is assigned to the voiced velar nasal /ŋ/. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|3 | *<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The letter ''fi'' <'''ჶ'''> is used in [[Wikipedia:Laz language|Laz]] and Svan. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The obsolete letter ''vie'' <'''ჳ'''> is assigned to /w/. | |||
*<sup>{{Color|red| | *<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The letter ''hie'' <'''ჲ'''> is used for /j/ in [[Wikipedia:Laz language|Laz]] and Mingrelian. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red| | |||
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==Example== | ==Example== | ||
*All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. | *All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. | ||
*'''Օwe nuńwu wolo rile | *'''Օwe nuńwu wolo rile o otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.''' | ||
*ოჳე ნუგჳუ ჳოლო რილე | *ოჳე ნუგჳუ ჳოლო რილე ო ოტუ უსა ვე საგო ჲუგ ო სატი ჲი. | ||
*They are endowed with reason and consciene | *They are endowed with reason and consciene | ||
*'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń | *'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń i sa yi''' | ||
*ეტუ ჲუგ ო ჶუჳი ჲუგ ჲე სა ჲი | *ეტუ ჲუგ ო ჶუჳი ჲუგ ჲე ი სა ჲი | ||
*and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | *and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | ||
*'''o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi | *'''o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńom wila ve ńohita wafa.''' | ||
*ო ჳა სოგა ჳეგჳა ჳივა ვე ჳასი გჳმ ჳილა ვე გჳჰიტა ჳაჶა. | *ო ჳა სოგა ჳეგჳა ჳივა ვე ჳასი გჳმ ჳილა ვე გჳჰიტა ჳაჶა. | ||
*Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1 | *Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1 | ||
Revision as of 17:37, 23 April 2020
Pronunciation table
| Latin | a | e | f | h | i | k | l | m | n | ń | o | r | s | t | u | v | w | y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Georgian | ა | ე | ჶ | ჰ | ი | ქ | ლ | მ | ნ | გ | ო | რ | ს | ტ | უ | ვ | ჳ | ჲ |
| IPA | /a/ | /e/ | /φ/ | /h/ | /i/ | /k/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /o/ | /ɾ/ | /s/ | /t/ | /u/ | /β/ | /w/ | /j/ |
Consonants
| labial | dental | alveolar | palatal | glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasals | voiceless | |||||
| voiced | m /m/ ~ /ɱ/1 მ |
n /n/ ნ |
ń /ŋ/ გ2 |
|||
| Stops | voiceless | t /t/ ტ |
k /k/ ქ |
|||
| voiced | ||||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f /φ/ ჶ3 |
s /s/ ს |
|||
| voiced | v /β/ ვ |
|||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | h /h/ ჰ | ||||
| voiced | w /w/ ჳ4 |
l /l/ ლ |
r /ɾ/ რ |
y /j/ ჲ5 |
Notes
- 1 /m/ becomes the labiodental /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
- 2 The voiced velar stop /g/ is assigned to the voiced velar nasal /ŋ/.
- 3 The letter fi <ჶ> is used in Laz and Svan.
- 4 The obsolete letter vie <ჳ> is assigned to /w/.
- 5 The letter hie <ჲ> is used for /j/ in Laz and Mingrelian.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ ი |
u /u/ უ | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ ე |
o /o/ ო | |
| Open | a /ä/ ა |
Example
- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
- Օwe nuńwu wolo rile o otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.
- ოჳე ნუგჳუ ჳოლო რილე ო ოტუ უსა ვე საგო ჲუგ ო სატი ჲი.
- They are endowed with reason and consciene
- Etu yuń o fuwi yuń i sa yi
- ეტუ ჲუგ ო ჶუჳი ჲუგ ჲე ი სა ჲი
- and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
- o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńom wila ve ńohita wafa.
- ო ჳა სოგა ჳეგჳა ჳივა ვე ჳასი გჳმ ჳილა ვე გჳჰიტა ჳაჶა.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1
