Valware - Taiwanese: Difference between revisions
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! i | ! i | ||
! y | ! y | ||
! k | |||
! l | ! l | ||
! m | ! m | ||
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! f | ! f | ||
! h | ! h | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Taiwanese | ! Taiwanese | ||
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| 一 | | 一 | ||
| 一 | | 一 | ||
| ㄍ | |||
| ㄌ | | ㄌ | ||
| ㄇ/ㆬ | | ㄇ/ㆬ | ||
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| ㄈ | | ㄈ | ||
| ㄏ | | ㄏ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! IPA | ! IPA | ||
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| /i/ | | /i/ | ||
| /j/ | | /j/ | ||
| /k/ | |||
| /l/ | | /l/ | ||
| /m/ | | /m/ | ||
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| /φ/ | | /φ/ | ||
| /h/ | | /h/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| t /t/<br>'''ㄉ''' | | t /t/<br>'''ㄉ''' | ||
| | | | ||
| | | k /k/<br>'''ㄍ''' | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
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| w /w/<br>'''ㄨ''' | | w /w/<br>'''ㄨ''' | ||
| l /l/<br>'''ㄌ''' | | l /l/<br>'''ㄌ''' | ||
| r /ɾ/<br>'''ㄭ'''<sup>{{Color|red| | | r /ɾ/<br>'''ㄭ'''<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | ||
| y /j/<br>'''一''' | | y /j/<br>'''一''' | ||
| | | | ||
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*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> Used when <n> is the syllable coda. | *<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> Used when <n> is the syllable coda. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> Used when <ń> is the syllable coda. | *<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> Used when <ń> is the syllable coda. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|5 | *<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The voiced alveolar approximant <ㄭ> /ɹ/ is assigned to the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/. | ||
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==Example== | ==Example== | ||
*All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. | *All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. | ||
*'''Owe nuńwu wolo rile | *'''Owe nuńwu wolo rile ok otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.''' | ||
* ㄛㄨㆤ ㄋㄨㆭㄨㄨ ㄨㄛㄌㄛ ㄭ一ㄌㆤ ㄛㄍ ㄛㄉㄨ ㄨㄙㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄙㄚㄫㄛ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄙㄚㄉ一 一一. | * ㄛㄨㆤ ㄋㄨㆭㄨㄨ ㄨㄛㄌㄛ ㄭ一ㄌㆤ ㄛㄍ ㄛㄉㄨ ㄨㄙㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄙㄚㄫㄛ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄙㄚㄉ一 一一. | ||
*They are endowed with reason and conscience | *They are endowed with reason and conscience | ||
*'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi''' | *'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi''' | ||
*ㆤㄉㄨ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄈㄨㄨ一 一ㄨㆭ 一ㆤ ㄙㄚ 一一 | *ㆤㄉㄨ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄈㄨㄨ一 一ㄨㆭ 一ㆤ ㄙㄚ 一一 | ||
*and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | *and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | ||
Revision as of 10:40, 9 April 2020
Pronunciation table
| Latin | a | v | e | i | y | k | l | m | n | ń | o | r | s | t | u | w | f | h |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taiwanese | ㄚ | ㄪ | ㆤ | 一 | 一 | ㄍ | ㄌ | ㄇ/ㆬ | ㄋ/ㄣ | ㄫ/ㆭ | ㄛ | ㄭ | ㄙ | ㄉ | ㄨ | ㄨ | ㄈ | ㄏ |
| IPA | /a/ | /β/ | /e/ | /i/ | /j/ | /k/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /o/ | /ɾ/ | /s/ | /t/ | /u/ | /w/ | /φ/ | /h/ |
- The letters of the alphabet are arranged in a modified Cyrillic order.
Consonants
| labial | dental | alveolar | palatal | glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasals | voiceless | |||||
| voiced | m /m/ ~ /ɱ/1 ㄇ/ㆬ2 |
n /n/ ㄋ/ㄣ3 |
ń /ŋ/ ㄫ/ㆭ4 |
|||
| Stops | voiceless | t /t/ ㄉ |
k /k/ ㄍ |
|||
| voiced | ||||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f /φ/ ㄈ |
s /s/ ㄙ |
|||
| voiced | v /β/ ㄪ |
|||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | h /h/ ㄏ | ||||
| voiced | w /w/ ㄨ |
l /l/ ㄌ |
r /ɾ/ ㄭ5 |
y /j/ 一 |
Notes
- 1 /m/ becomes the labiodental /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
- 2 Used when <m> is the syllable coda.
- 3 Used when <n> is the syllable coda.
- 4 Used when <ń> is the syllable coda.
- 5 The voiced alveolar approximant <ㄭ> /ɹ/ is assigned to the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ 一1 |
u /u/ ㄨ2 | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ ㆤ |
o /o/ ㄛ | |
| Open | a /ä/ ㄚ |
Notes
- 1 As there are no diphthongs in Valware <一一> must be read as <yi> and not <ii>.
- 2 As there are no diphthongs in Valware <ㄨㄨ > must be read as <wu> and not <uu>.
Example
- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
- Owe nuńwu wolo rile ok otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.
- ㄛㄨㆤ ㄋㄨㆭㄨㄨ ㄨㄛㄌㄛ ㄭ一ㄌㆤ ㄛㄍ ㄛㄉㄨ ㄨㄙㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄙㄚㄫㄛ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄙㄚㄉ一 一一.
- They are endowed with reason and conscience
- Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi
- ㆤㄉㄨ 一ㄨㆭ ㄛ ㄈㄨㄨ一 一ㄨㆭ 一ㆤ ㄙㄚ 一一
- and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
- o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńom wila ve ńohita wafa.
- ㄛ ㄨㄚ ㄙㄛㄫㄚ ㄨㆤㄫㄨㄚ ㄨ一ㄪㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄨㄚㄙ一 ㄫㄛㆬ ㄨ一ㄌㄚ ㄪㆤ ㄫㄛㄏ一ㄉㄚ ㄨㄚㄈㄚ.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1
