Palli language

Palli is a language expanded from Thaoa. Although originally an independent society, many Andanese spilled over and soon became the new majoreity. But their religion did not stranger over. Because of the strong Andfanese influence, /ŋ/ is romanized as g here. (There is no /g/ anuyway)

Thaoa (2674) to Palli (4175)

The inherited phonology of the crushed Thaoa state was

Labials:        pʰ   p   b   m   f   v   w
Alveolars:      tʰ   t   d   n   s   z   l
Palataloids:         č   ǯ   ň           y
Velars:         kʰ   k       ŋ   x   g
Postvelars:     qʰ               h

1. The glottal stop ʔ came to be spelled h.
2. The voiced fricatives v z g shifted to f s x.
3. The STAIRCASE SHIFT occurred:

   The voiceless fricatives x h shifted to š before any /e i/.

   The voiceless fricatives š x h shifted to f before any /o u/.

   The voiceless fricatives š s merged to s.

   The voiceless fricatives f x h merged to h.

   Note that in this shift, 1) /f/ stayed /f/ always; 2) /h/ became /f/ when before /a o u/, but became /s/ when before /e i/; 3) /š/ became /s/ when before /a e i/, but became /f/ when before /o u/; 4) /s/ stayed /s/ always.

4. The vowels e o shifted to a unconditionally. Then, ə shifted to i.
5. Syllable-final k assimilated in manner, but not position, to any following consonant.
6. Syllable-final n assimilated in position, but not manner, to any following consonant.
7. Syllable-final glottal stop (spelled "h") assimilated in both position and manner to any following consonant.
8. The uvular stop q came to be spelled hk.

These are just a small sample of the changes involved in getting to Palli (~4200 AD).