User:Melroch/Rhodrese: Difference between revisions
(Updated vowels table, consonant table to come) |
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Revision as of 03:26, 11 August 2006
This as yet unnamed Romlang initially has the developments you would expect from a Western Romance language. However at a later time there is vowel mutation by a high or low vowel (a < ă/ā, i < ī, u < ū), with final vowels later being lost, or in the case of -a being reduced to -e [ə]. Somewhat unexpectedly plurals of the first declension show forms as if the a-mutated vowels of the singular had later undergone i-mutation. This most certainly is due to analogy with the second and third declension rather than to a preserved [ai̥] ending — or did an ending pronounced [æ] cause such a 'double' mutation?
Latin | VL | W. Rmc. | No mut. | a-mut. | i-mut | a/i-mut. | u-mut. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ī | ị | ĭ | i | e | i | iu > eu /y/
| |
ī | ie | ||||||
ĭ | į | ẹ̆ | e | e | i | oe
/ø/ > e | |
ẹ̄ | ei | ie | |||||
ē | ẹ | ẹ̆ | e | e | i | oe > e | |
ẹ̄ | ei | ie | |||||
ĕ | ę | ę̆ | e | e | i | oe> e | |
ę̄ | ie | ie | ue
/yø/ > /ye | ||||
ă, ā | a | a | a | a | ae /æ/ > e | o | |
ŏ | ǫ | ǫ̆ | o | o | e | o | |
ǭ | uo | uo | ue | uo | |||
ō | ọ | ọ̆ | o | o | oe > e | o | |
ọ̄ | ou | uo | eu | ue | ou | ||
ŭ | ų | ọ̆ | o | o | oe > e |
o | |
ọ̄ | ou | uo | eu | ue | ou | ||
ū | ụ | ŭ | u | o | iu > eu | oe > e | u |
ū | uo | ue |
Consonants:
Intervocalic b > v; g' > j i; p, t, k', k > b, d, g', g but tj, kj > voiceless ts, gj > [dʒ] gi. Unpalatalized original g tends to disappear.
Initial k', kj, tj > ts c(i); initial g', gj > [dʒ] (g)i.
dj in all positions > [dz] z.
ct > [tʃ] spelled x, while actual x = ks > s or undergoes metathesis to sk, which may be palatalized to [ʃ] 'sc(i) along with original sc.
Voiced stops and affricates ending up final after the loss of final vowels become devoiced, spelled p, t, z [ts] (later ç), (i)x [tʃ], c.
Final [ʃ] is spelled V(i)ss/Vis, later sç, with occasionally sz/sx in early texts.
Word initial ie, ue, uo are spelled hie, hue, huo, since the normal medieval pronunciation of initial prevocalic i, u was j, v.
The vowels [æ] ae and [ø] oe were found in the earliest texts, but later merged with e, while [y] eu and. The spelling ue remained, but probably shifted from [yø] to [ye].
A k, g, sk before a front vowel that arose through mutation wasn't palatalized. They are spelled ch, gh, sch.