Senjecas crafts and industry: Difference between revisions

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==Notes==
==Notes==
#''cpd'' = a compound of two or more roots, ''e.g.'', '''xe̋ni''', ''adj.'', thin; '''ȝa̋a̋ko''', candle = '''xenȝa̋a̋ko''', taper.
#[[Wikipedia:Affix|''afx'']] = affix, either a prefix or a suffix added to a root, ''e.g.'', '''m̃e̋ha''', ''t.v.'' wedge + '''lo''', ''means suffix'' = '''m̃e̋hlo''', keystone, dowel, cotter pin.
#''drv'' = a word derived from a root, ''e.g.'', '''kana̋pi''', ''adj.'' hempen < '''kana̋pi''', hemp
#''cpd'' = a compound of two or more roots, ''e.g.'', '''a̋a̋me''', flowing water + '''tűlo''', tube = '''aamtűlo''', aqueduct.
#''drv'' = a word derived from a root, ''e.g.'', '''te̋ro''', room, chamber, < '''te̋ra''', make room.
#''pol'' = a word with a different, but related sense to an original word, ''e.g.'', '''sa̋iro''', merlon < '''sa̋ira''', ''t.v.'' project.
#These words are not numbered, as only original roots are numbered.
#These words are not numbered, as only original roots are numbered.
#There are 61 root words ([[Wikipedia:Lemma (morphology)|lemmata]]) of which 46 are verbs and none is an adjective which can be treated as a stative verb. Thus 75 percent of the vocabulary is verbs.
#Words in {{Color|red|red}} indicate an object that did not exist in Sefdaania.
#Words in {{Color|red|red}} indicate an item that did not exist in Sefdaania.  
#There are 95 root words ([[Wikipedia:Lemma (morphology)|lemmata]]) of which one is a verb and none is an adjective which can be treated as a stative verb. Thus .01 percent of the vocabulary is verbs.




==Crafts & Industry – '''űűr̈ask̬e műkak̬e'''==
==Buildings - '''de̋mos'''==
===General terms– '''kőino sa̋m̃os''' ===
*''cpd'' '''aamtűlo''', aqueduct [< '''aamo''', flowing water; '''tűlo''', duct].
*''cpd'' '''mażőőro''', oilskin, oilcloth [< '''ma̋żo''', oil; '''őőro''', cloth].
*''cpd'' '''aam̃da̋ro''', auditorium [<  '''aam̃a''', listen; '''-da̋ro''', ''noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs''].
*001 '''űű|ra''', ''t.v.'' craft; compose, draft [> Turkish ''<u>uz''</u>, craftsman]. '''-rlo''', craft tool. '''-rlu''', craftsman, artisan, draftsman. '''-ro''', object crafted; work of art; composition. '''-ros''', the arts. '''-r̈a''', craft, technique, art.
*001 '''a̋ito''', stilt house [> Lithuanian ''<u>áit</u>(i)vara-s'', elf].
*002 '''xe̋m|o''', tool, implement, utensil [> Japanese ''<u>kám</u>a'', sickle]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' tool. '''-os''', equipment.
*''cpd'' '''áám̈olde̋mo''', water mill [< '''áámo''', flowing water;  '''molde̋mo''', mill].
*''cpd'' '''ánerka̋a̋xo''', ancestral hall [< '''ane̋ru''', ancestor; '''ka̋a̋xo''', hall].
*002 '''apa̋l|o''', plaster, stucco, render [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]] ''<u>appaḷ</u>incu'', smear]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' plaster, beplaster, stucco, render.
*003 '''arge̋l̨o''', [''Human''] underground dwelling.
*''cpd'' '''ásgiirde̋mo''', {{Color|red|movie house, cinema}} [< '''a̋ṡa''', ''t.v.'' move; '''gı̋ı̋ra''', ''t.v.'' draw; '''de̋mo''', building].
*004 '''atőȝo''', shepherd’s cabin [> Etruscan shepherd’s cabin].
*005 '''a̋xlo''', Pyran adobe house [> Georgian ''s<u>axl</u>-'', house].
*''cpd'' '''bahde̋mo''', {{Color|red|pawnshop}} [< '''ba̋ha''', ''t.v.'' pawn; '''de̋mo''', building].
*006 '''be̋ƣo''', barn [> Georgian ''<u>beɣ</u>eli'', barn].
*''cpd'' '''davþőlo''', drawbridge [< '''daba''', ''t.v.'' pull; '''þőlo''', bridge].
*''cpd'' '''defde̋mo''', tea house [< '''de̋po''', tisane; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''deusde̋mo''', {{Color|red|station}} [< '''de̋usa''', ''t.v.'' stop; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''disde̋mo''', guardhouse [< '''dı̋sa''', ''t.v.'' guard; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''eðde̋mo''', {{Color|red|restaurant}} [< '''e̋da''', ''t.v.'' eat ; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''goolde̋mo''', storehouse, warehouse [< '''gőőla''', ''t.v.'' store; '''de̋mo''', building].
*007 '''gűűlo''', [''Lithan''] house [> Japanese ''<u>kur</u>á'', shed].
*008 '''ha̋rmo''', {{Color|red|temple}} [> Sanskrit ''<u>harm</u>yá-'', large house].
*''cpd'' '''ívgoolde̋mo''', granary, grange [< '''ı̋bo''', grain; '''gőőla''', ''t.v.'' store; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''ȝaaxde̋mo''', chandlery [< '''ȝ a̋a̋ka''', make candles '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''ȝaxde̋mo''', {{Color|red|hospital, sanatorium}} [< '''ȝa̋ka''', ''t.v.'' heal; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''ȝáxtŭsade̋mo''', pharmacy [< '''ȝa̋xt̬i''', medicine; '''sa̋a''', ''t.v.'' buy; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''ȝoðde̋mo''', tannery [< '''ȝőda''', ''t.v.'' tan; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''kaþíísade̋mo''', {{Color|red|department store}} [< '''kaþı̋ȝo''', variety; '''fa̋a̋ra''', ''t.v.'' sell; '''sa̋a''', ''t.v.'' buy; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''koinde̋mo''', community house [< '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''kolde̋mo''', {{Color|red|jail, prison, penitentiary}} [< '''kőla''', ''t.v.'' imprison; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''k̬olde̋mo''', butcher shop [< '''k̬őla''', ''t.v.'' butcher; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''lam̃de̋mo''', bathhouse [< '''la̋m̃a''', ''t.v.'' bathe; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''liiƣde̋mo''', pottery [< '''lı̋ı̋ga''', ''t.v.'' throw [''a pot'']; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''leið|da̋ro''', {{Color|red|stadium, arena}} [< '''le̋ida''', ''t.v.'' play; '''-da̋ro''', ''noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs'']. '''-de̋mo''', {{Color|red|playhouse, theater}} [< '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''losde̋mo''', sawmill [< '''lőṡa''', ''t.v.'' saw; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''luvde̋mo''', library [< '''lűvo''', book; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''malde̋mo''', {{Color|red|hostel}} [< '''ma̋la''', ''i.v.'' wander; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''meðde̋mo''', meadery [< '''me̋ðo''', mead; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''méztunde̋mo''', {{Color|red|college}} [< '''me̋żi''', ''adj.'' big; '''tűna''', ''t.v.'' learn; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''mevde̋mo''', {{Color|red|dance hall}} [< '''me̋ba''', ''i.v.'' dance; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''miþde̋mo''', {{Color|red|post office}} [< '''mı̋þa''', ''t.v.'' mail; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''molde̋mo''', mill [< '''mőla''', grind; '''de̋mo''', building]
*''cpd'' '''muþ|da̋ro''', meeting place [< '''műþa''', ''t.v.'' assemble; '''-da̋ro''', ''noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs'']. '''-de̋mo''', meeting house, assembly hall [< '''de̋mo''', building].
*009 '''m̃a̋sto''', {{Color|red|palace}}. [> Greek ''<u>ἄστ</u>ϋ'', city].
*''cpd'' '''m̃éémolde̋mo''', windmill [< '''m̃e̋e̋e''', wind; '''molde̋mo''', mill].
*''cpd'' '''m̃einde̋mo''', {{Color|red|wine house}} [< '''m̃e̋ino''', wine; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''m̃eƣde̋mo''', {{Color|red|carriage house, garage}} [< '''m̃e̋ƣo''', wagon; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''nesde̋mo''', {{Color|red|bank}} [< '''ne̋sa''', ''t.v.'' save; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''néṡaiðde̋mo''', {{Color|red|crematory}} [< '''ne̋ṡo''', corpse; '''aida''', ''t.v.'' burn; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''numvűrƣo''' [< '''numo''', sky; '''vűrƣo''', watchtower].
*''cpd'' '''oonde̋mo''', {{Color|red|skyscraper}} [< '''ooni''', ''adj.'' high; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''omm̃e̋e̋so''', {{Color|red|barracks}} [< '''őmu''', army; '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''oƣm̃e̋e̋so''', {{Color|red|orphanage}} [< '''őgo''', orphan; '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''oþm̃e̋e̋so''', {{Color|red|lodge}} [< '''őþa''', ''i.v.'' take lodging; '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''palte̋ro''', rotunda [< '''pa̋li''', ''adj.'' round; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''peþxa̋po''', {{Color|red|airport}} [< '''pe̋ta''', ''t.v.'' fly; '''xa̋po''', harbor].
*''cpd'' '''piinde̋mo''', mint [< '''pı̋ı̋na''', ''t.v.'' mint; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''piiƣde̋mo''', smokehouse [< '''pı̋ı̋ga''', ''t.v.'' smoke meat; '''de̋mo''', building].
*010 '''ƥala̋go''', {{Color|red|mansion}} [> Mongolian ''<u>balaɣ</u>asun'', fortress].
*''cpd'' '''raaþm̃e̋e̋so''', log house [< '''ra̋a̋to''', log; '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''saaþda̋ro''', [[Wikipedia:Caravanserai|caravansary]], khan  [< '''sa̋a̋þo''', caravan; '''-da̋ro''', ''noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs''].
*''cpd'' '''sade̋m|o''', {{Color|red|store}} [< '''sa̋a''', ''t.v.'' buy; '''de̋mo''', building]. '''-ko''', {{Color|red|shop}}.
*''cpd'' '''saƣte̋ro''', {{Color|red|coat-, cloak-, -room}} [< '''sa̋go''', coat; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''sax|de̋mo''', {{Color|red|brewery}}  [< '''sa̋xa''', ''t.v.'' brew; '''de̋mo''', building]. -'''sade̋mko''', {{Color|red|alehouse, beer-house, pub, bar, tavern}} [< '''sade̋mko''', shop].
*''cpd'' '''suuþde̋mo''', {{Color|red|museum}} [< '''sűűta''', ''t.v.'' exhibit; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''surde̋mo''', latrine, outhouse [< '''sűra''', ''i.v.'' defecate; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''šefm̃e̋e̋so''', dormitory [< '''šepa''', ''i.v.'' sleep; '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''šeþm̃e̋e̋so''', guest house [< '''še̋tu''', guest;  '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''ṡíxsaaþde̋mo''', {{Color|red|railway station}} [< '''ṡíxo''', rail; '''sa̋a̋þo''', caravan; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''s̨uþde̋mo''', {{Color|red|dairy}} [< '''s̨űűþa''', ''t.v.'' milk; '''de̋mo''', building].
*011 '''ṡokőmo''', temporary shelter used by Human herders [> Hungarian ''<u>soɣVm</u>'', snow hut].
*012 '''tala̋so''', cottage, hut, cabin [> Finnish ''<u>talas</u>'', hut].
*''cpd'' '''taƣm̃e̋e̋so''', {{Color|red|inn, hotel}} [< '''ta̋ƣa''', ''t.v.'' travel; '''m̃e̋e̋so''', house].
*''cpd'' '''teeƣde̋mo''', distillery [< '''te̋e̋ga''', ''t.v.'' distill; '''de̋mo''', building].
*013 '''tőto''', canal, channel [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>toṭ</u>ṭi'', trough] [< ].
*''cpd'' '''tozde̋mo''', {{Color|red|church}} [< '''toza''', ''t.v.'' worship; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''cpd'' '''tunde̋mo''', {{Color|red|school}} [< '''tuna''', ''t.v.'' learn; '''de̋mo''', building].
*''drv'' '''þőőro''', tower [<  '''þőőra''', ''t.v.'' tower].
*''drv'' '''þőlo''', bridge [< '''þőla''', ''t.v.'' span].
*014 '''va̋rgo''', (town)square [> Middle Low German ''<u>barg</u>-'', barn without walls].
*''cpd'' '''vooƣde̋mo''', {{Color|red|bakery}} [< '''vőőga''', ''t.v.'' bake; '''de̋mo''', building].
*015 '''vűno''', {{Color|red|chalet}}.
*016 '''vűrƣo''', {{Color|red|watchtower}} [> English <u>burg</u>].
*017 '''xőto''', [''Hydoran''] hut [> [[Wikipedia:Naiki language|Naiki]] ''<u>khoṭ</u>a'',  cowshed].
*''cpd'' '''zarþőőro''', bell tower [< '''za̋ro''', bell; '''þőőro''', tower].
*''cpd'' '''zǫðde̋mo''', greenhouse, conservatory, hot house [< '''zǫ̋da''', ''t.v.'' farm; '''de̋mo''', building].


===Chandlery – '''ȝaakűűra'''===
*003 '''ȝa̋a̋|ko''', candle; '''taar~''', taper. '''-ka''', ''i.v.'' make-, dip-, -candles. '''-ka̋mo''', candlestick, candleholder. '''-xda̋ro''', chandlery [''shop'']. '''-xgı̋ȝo''', candlemark. '''-xle̋uko''', candlelight. '''-xlu''', chandler.


===Weaving - '''oorűűra'''===
==Tents and yurts - '''vőutos''', '''nűűros'''==
*004 '''bő|ko''', wool [[> Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>pocc</u>u'', hair]. '''-xpı̋ı̋mo''', [[Wikipedia:Lanolin|lanolin]]. '''-xše̋ido''', suint.
*018 '''fuba̋go''', sticks supporting the upper rim of a yurt [> Turkish ''<u>huɣ</u>'', hut].
*005 '''fı̋ȝo''' spindle [> Turkish ''<u>ij</u>i'', spindle].
*019 '''ke̋e̋nto''', wall of yurt.
*006 '''fűþo''', woof [> Korean ''<u>pad</u>ak'', weave].
*020 '''nűűr|o''', yurt. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' set up a yurt.
*''drv'' '''kana̋|pi''', ''adj.'' hempen, resembling hemp [< '''kana̋pi''', hemp]. '''-pőőro''', canvas. '''-ƥőni''', ''adj.'' hempen, made of hemp.
*021 '''tı̋so''', tent roof of birch bark [> [[Wikipedia:Komi language|Komi]] ''<u>tis</u>ka'', tent roof of birch bark].
*007 '''kőőm̃|o''', shuttle. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' pass the shuttle back and forth, shuttle.
*022 '''vőu|to''', tent; '''''~tom na̋a̋þa''''', pitch a tent. -ta, ''i.v.'' tent, camp, encamp. '''-tı̋ȝo''', camp. '''-þlu''', camper.  
*008 '''m̃erte̋n|o ''', distaff. '''-űlo''', distaff fly-wheel.
*023 '''x̨űg|o''', central pole of a tent [> [[Wikipedia:Evenki language|Evenki]] ''<u>uɣ</u>e'', threshold]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' erect the central pole of a tent.
*009 '''őőr|a''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' weave. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' weave [> Japanese ''<u>ór</u>-'',  weave]. '''-a̋lo''', weaver's beam, warp beam. '''-lo''', loom. '''-lu''', weaver, webster. '''-mo''', batten, lathe of the loom. '''-no''', web, webbing. '''-o''', fabric, cloth, textile, material, stuff.
*010 '''őőrd|o''', warp. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' set up a warp. '''-ĕlo''', heddle.
*011 '''pa̋þ|o''', comb of a loom [> Korean ''<u>pad</u>i'', comb of a loom]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' use a loom comb.
*012 '''pe̋n|a''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' spin [> English s<u>pin</u>]. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' spin. '''-re̋þo''', spinning wheel.
*013 '''sa̋i|ta''', ''i.v.'' weave a net [> English <u>set</u>a]. '''-to''', net. '''-þlu''', weaver.
*014 '''űz|a''', ''t.v.'' comb, card [> [[Wikipedia:Kodava language|Kodava]] ''<u>ūk</u>-'', comb]. '''-lo''', carding-, -comb, -brush.


===Forgery - '''ṡedűűra'''===
*015 '''ha̋uspo''', bellows. [> [[Wikipedia:Gipuzkoan dialect|Gipuzkoan]] ''<u>a(u)s</u>po'', bellows].
*016 '''ṡe̋|da ''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' forge, cast, found. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' forge [> Georgian ''<u>č̣ed</u>-'', forge]. '''-da̋uxo''', furnace. '''-ðda̋ro''', forge, smithy, foundry. '''-ðlu''', smith, foundry worker.
*017 '''żı̋ro''', anvil [> Manchu ''<u>ǯer</u>in'', anvil].


===Woodworking - '''mááþliigűűra '''===
==Rooms – '''te̋ros'''==
*018 '''ge̋e̋s|a''', ''t.v.'' plane. '''-lo''', plane.
*''cpd'' '''aarte̋ro''', porch, veranda [< '''a̋a̋ri''', ''adj.'' open; '''te̋ro''', room].
*019 '''ı̋ı̋ð|o''', lathe. '''-a̋a̋gu''', turner. '''-de̋mo''', turnery (''shop''). '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' turn on a lathe. '''-ı̋ȝo''', turnery [''objects'']. '''-űűra''', turnery [''craft''].
*''cpd'' '''daarte̋ro''', workroom [< '''da̋a̋ra''', ''i.v.'' work; '''te̋ro''', room].
*020 '''kǫ̋m̃|o''', (single-bladed) axe, hatchet [> Lithuanian ''<u>kirv</u>is'', axe]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' brandish an axe.  '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' hew-, cleave-, -with an axe. '''-lu''', axeman.
*''cpd'' '''duƣte̋ro''', kitchen [< '''dűƣa''', ''t.v.'' cook; '''te̋ro''', room].
*021 '''k̬ǫ̋s|u''', carpenter. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' carpenter. '''-űűra''', carpentry.
*''cpd'' '''ðurte̋ro''', room of portals [< '''ðűra''', door; '''te̋ro''', room].
*022 '''lőn|o''', drill [> Japanese ''<u>nóm</u>i'', chisel]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' drill.
*024 '''e̋ðo''', lobby, vestibule, foyer, entrance hall [> Finnish ''<u>es</u>i'', front].
*023 '''lő|ṡa''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' saw [> Japanese ''<u>nők</u>o'', saw]. '''2.''' '''-ṡa''', ''i.v.'' saw. '''-slo''', saw.  '''-slu''', sawyer. '''-sxa̋no''', [[Wiktionary:sawpit|sawpit]].
*''cpd'' '''eðte̋ro''', dining room, refectory [< '''eda''', ''t.v.'' eat; '''te̋ro''', room].
*024 '''n̨űűn|a''', ''t.v.'' adze [> Turkish ''<u>jon</u>-'', to adze]. '''-lo''', adze.
*''cpd'' '''goolte̋ro''', pantry, larder [< '''gőőla''', ''t.v.'' store; '''te̋ro''', room].
*025 '''ṡa̋a̋n|a''', ''t.v.'' chisel [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]] ''<u>sēn</u>amu'', chisel]. '''-lo''', chisel. '''-lu''', chiseler.
*025 '''ka̋a̋xo''', hall [> Turkish ''<u>koɣ</u>uš'', hall].
*026 '''ke̋to''', living room, quarters.
*''cpd'' '''lam̃te̋ro''', {{Color|red|bathroom}} [<  '''la̋m̃a''', ''t.v.'' bathe; '''te̋ro''', room].
*027 '''me̋e̋do''', ceiling loft, attic, garret [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]] ''<u>mēḍ</u>a'', upper chamber].
*''cpd'' '''múslam̃te̋ro''', sauna bath [< '''műso''', steam; '''lam̃a''', ''t.v.'' bathe; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''n̨oofte̋ro''', room in the front, but [< '''n̨óópa''', ''postp.'' in front of; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''puite̋ro''', room in the rear, ben [< '''pűȝi''', ''adj.'' back; '''te̋ro''', room]
*''cpd'' '''ƣiþte̋ro''', shower room [< '''ƣı̋ta''', ''i.v.'' take a shower; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''íturte̋ro''', spring room [< '''itűro''', spring; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''siƣte̋ro''', laboratory [< '''sı̋ga''', ''t.v.'' research; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''šefte̋ro''', bedroom [< '''šepa''', ''i.v.'' sleep; '''te̋ro''', room].
*''cpd'' '''ṡiixte̋ro''', toilet [''room''] [< '''ṡı̋ı̋ka''', ''i.v.'' urinate; '''te̋ro''', room].


===Pottery – '''liigűűra'''===
*026 '''ðe̋ih|o''', clay [> English <u>dough</u>]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' pug, knead clay and-, -build-, -smear-, with it, puddle. '''-i''', ''adj.'' clayey, argillaceous. '''-lo''', form, mold.
*027 '''lı̋ı̋|ga''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' fashion, model, throw [''a pot''], make [''clothes''], work [''wood, stone'']. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' model [> English –<u>ly</u>]. '''-go''', figure, build, frame, stature, configuration. '''-gűűr=a''', ceramics, pottery. '''=a̋a̋gu''', ceramicist. '''-ƣlo''', model, pattern. '''-ƣlu''', potter. '''-ƣre̋þo''', potter's wheel.
*''cpd'' '''paiðe̋iho''', kaolin [< '''pa̋ȝi''', ''adj.'' white; '''ðe̋iho''', clay].
*''cpd'' '''sausa̋uxo''', kiln [< '''sa̋usi''', ''adj.'' dry; '''a̋uxo''', oven].


===Glaziery – '''vedűűra'''===
==Parts of a house – '''m̃eesfa̋a̋ȝos'''==
*''cpd'' '''penve̋do''', spun glass [< '''pe̋na''', ''t.v.'', spin; '''ve̋do''', glass].
*028 '''a̋ulo''', court.
*028 '''ṡ̬a̋no''', enamel [> Old Greek ''<u>kΰαν</u>ος'', lapis lazuli].
*029 '''be̋h|o''', floor, flooring. '''-fa̋lo''', floor board. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' floor.
*029 '''ve̋|do''', glass [> Telugu ''<u>viḍ</u>i'', clear]. '''-da̋a̋gu''', glass-maker. '''-dı̋ȝo''', glassware. '''-d̨őni''', ''adj.'' made of glass, glassy, vitreous. '''–ðda̋ro''', glassworks. '''-ðle̋mo''', glass shard. '''-ðme̋e̋=lo''', glassblower's pipe. '''=lu''', glassblower. '''-ðni''', ''adj.'' glasslike, glassy, vitreous. '''-ðsı̋ı̋mlo''', glass cutter. '''-ðxe̋rdo''', glass splinter.
*030 '''be̋sto''', hearth grate [> [[Wikipedia:Guipuzkoan dialect|Guipuzkoan]] ''<u>bertz</u>un'', hearth grate].
*031 '''bőðo''', platform.
*032 '''b̨a̋so''', deck [> Tungus ''<u>bias</u>ere-'', decking].
*''cpd'' '''demn̨őőpo''', façade [< '''de̋mo''', building; '''n̨őőpo''', front].
*033 '''ðű|ro''', door, portal [> English <u>door</u>] '''-ra''' ''i.v.'' shut the door. '''-rı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' shut the door on s.o./s.th., close the entrance-, -to, -of. '''-rkőmto''', doorframe. '''-rnı̋ðo''', door-, -handle, -knob. '''-rpőrto''', doorway. '''-rƥőso''', doorsill. '''-re̋rgo''', doorstep.
*034 '''e̋rg|o''', step, stair [> [[Wikipedia:Yakut language|Yakut]] ''<u>erg</u>ene'', stairs]. '''-ĕṡı̋xo''', banister, handrail. '''-iirı̋zo''', newel (post). '''-ı̋ȝo''', steps, stairs, staircase.
*035 '''f̨a̋nxo''', door-, -post, -jamb [> Mongolian ''<u>enik</u>e'', doorpost].
*036 '''kőƣɫo''', chimney [> Turkish ''<u>kov</u>kovuşš'', gutter].
*037 '''kőr|o''', roof [> Sami ''<u>goar</u>ân'', hairy skin covering]. '''-fa̋do''', parapet. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' roof. '''-kűto''', roofing, roof covering. '''-lu''', roofer. '''-pa̋lðo''', gutter. '''-ta̋a̋ino''', roof tile, flagstone. '''-tűlo''', downspout. '''-tűngo''', skylight. '''-þ̨őfo''', roof thatch.
*038 '''ǫ̋po''', yard.
*039 '''ƥőso''', threshold, sill [> Japanese ''<u>hash</u>í'', bridge].
*040 '''ra̋po''', flue [> Finnish ''<u>räp</u>pänä'', flue].
*041 '''sa̋rmo''', smoke hole in roof [> [[Wikipedia:Kamassian language|Kamas]] ''mā-<u>zɛr</u>o'', smoke hole in tent].
*042 '''sı̋ko''', lintel [> Japanese ''<u>shìk</u>ii'', threshhold].
*''cpd'' '''suxðűro''', {{Color|red|revolving door}} [< '''sűka''', ''t.v.'' turn; '''ðűro''', door].
*043 '''ṡı̋ı̋s|o''', column, pillar. '''–aża̋mo''', collonade, peristyle. '''-i''', ''adj.'' columnar. '''-pe̋do''', pedestal, footstall.
*044 '''ṡőlo''', fireplace, hearth [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>ul</u>ai'', fireplace].
*045 '''ṡűűro''', eave [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]], ''<u>cūr</u>u'', eaves].
*046 '''ta̋þ|o''', gate, gateway [> [[Wikipedia:Kolami language|Kolami]] ''<u>daṭ</u>am'', door]. '''-vűrƣo''',  [[Wikipedia:Barbican|barbican]].
*''cpd'' '''teƣf̨őőlo''', portico [< '''te̋ga''', ''t.v.'' shelter; '''f̨őőlo''', path].
*047 '''þűng|o''', window [> Japanese ''<u>t</u>o'', door]. '''-ĕƥőso''', windowsill. '''-ĕka̋ðo''', shutter.


===Needlecraft – '''ṡuuűűra'''===
*030 '''e̋þ|a''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' quilt. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' quilt. '''-lu''', quilter. '''-o''', quilt. '''-ra''', quilting.
*''cpd'' '''fersa̋flo''', thimble [< '''fe̋ro''', thumb; '''sa̋pa''', ''t.v.'', protect].
*031 '''f̨ű|ka''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' embroider. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' embroider [> Mongolian ''<u>uɣ</u>ulǯa'', spiral embroidery]. '''-ko''', embroidered item. '''-kűűra''', embroidery. '''-xlu''', embroiderer.
*032 '''k̨ű|fo''', {{Color|red|silk [''fabric'']}}. '''-fa''', ''t.v.'' {{Color|red|weave [''silk'']}} [> Korean ''<u>kīp</u>'', silk]. '''-fi''', ''adj.'' {{Color|red|silken, silky}}. '''-fnűűlo''', {{Color|red|silk thread}}. '''-f̨őni''', ''adj.'' {{Color|red|made of silk}}.
*033 '''me̋e̋|ga''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' knit. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' knit [> English <u>mesh</u>]. '''-ƣlo''', knitting needle.
*034 '''nűűl|o''', thread [> Tamil ''<u>nūl</u>'', thread]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' thread.
*035 '''s̨a̋|bo''', awl, pricker, bodkin [> Korean ''<u>hō</u>'', sew]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' use an awl. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' use an awl on.
*036 '''s̨űű|a''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' sew, stitch, tack, suture. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' sew, stitch [> English <u>sew</u>]. '''-e̋ro''', eye of a needle. '''-lo''', [''sewing''] needle. '''-lu''', seamster. '''-o''', stitch. '''-ra''', sewing. '''-ṡı̋ı̋ro''', hem. '''-þo''', seam, suture.
*037 '''zőmo''', gore, gusset [> Korean ''<u>som</u>ä'', sleeve].


===Wickerwork – '''goműűra'''===
==Construction - '''de̋mra'''==
*038 '''gőm|a''', ''t.v.'' weave wicker. '''-ı̋ȝo''', wicker(work). '''-k̬e̋so''', wicker basket. '''-lu''', wicker maker. '''-o''', wicker. '''-se̋do''', wicker chair.
*048 '''de̋m|a''', ''t.v.'' build, construct, erect, put-, set-, -up, raise [> English  <u>tim</u>ber]. '''-o''', building, edifice, structure. '''-lu''', builder. '''-ra''', construction.
*''cpd'' '''kaðk̬e̋so''', basket with a lid [< '''ka̋ða''', ''t.v.'' cover ; '''k̬e̋so''', basket].
*049 '''d̬ı̋r|o''', crossbeam, joist [> Georgian ''<u>dir</u>e'', beam]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' joist.
*039 '''kőnt|a''', ''i.v.'' weave [''a birch bark basket''] [> Finnish ''<u>kont</u>ti'', birch basket]. '''-o''', birch bark basket.
*050 '''fa̋do''', wall [> Korean ''<u>par</u>am'', walls].
*040 '''k̬e̋s|o''', basket, hamper [> Latin ''<u>quā</u>lum'', wicker basket]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' weave [''a basket'']. '''-ı̋ȝo''', basketry. '''-lu''', basket maker. '''-űűra''', basketry.
*''cpd'' '''falgődo''', wooden partition [< '''fa̋lo''', board; '''gődo''', interior wall].
*040 '''k̬e̋s|a''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' weave [''a basket'']. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' weave [''a basket''] [> Latin ''<u>quāl</u>um'', wicker basket]. '''-ı̋ȝo''', basketry. '''-lu''', basket maker. '''-o''', basket, hamper. '''-űűra''', basketry.
*051 '''fe̋e̋no''', roof shingle.
*041 '''sa̋ǧ|a''', ''i.v.'' weave [''a bamboo basket'']. '''-o''', bamboo basket.
*''cpd'' '''foorta̋a̋ino''', keystone [< '''főőro''', top; '''ta̋a̋ino''', stone].
*052 '''gő|do''', interior wall [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]] ''<u>gōḍ</u>a'', wall]. '''-ðbaȝa̋lo''', alcove.
*''cpd'' '''ɠorðe̋iho''', adobe [< '''ɠoro''', reed; '''ðe̋iho''', clay].
*053 '''ha̋b|o''', beam, girder, balk [> [[Wikipedia:Gipuzkoan dialect|Gipuzkoan]] ''<u>ab</u>e'', beam]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' place a-, -beam, -girder, -balk.
*''cpd'' '''pooznűvo''' cotter pin [< '''pőőza''', ''t.v.'' split; '''nűvo''', pin].
*''pol'' '''ƣőőro''', roof-tree, ridgepole, ridge beam [< '''ƣőőra''', ''i.v.'' protrude].
*''cpd'' '''raþme̋ito''', dowel [< '''rata''', ''t.v.'' align; '''me̋ito''', peg].
*054 '''rőőto''', rafter joint.
*''pol'' '''sa̋iro''', merlon [< '''sa̋ira''', ''t.v.'' project].
*055 '''se̋rk|o''', wattle [> English <u>sar</u>torial]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' wattle.
*056 '''sı̋ı̋p|o''', sod. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' lay sod.
*''drv'' '''šibı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' cover with slate [< '''šı̋bo''', slate].
*057 '''s̨őőro''', structure made of poles [> Turkish ''<u>sır</u>ık'', pole].
*058 '''ṡ̬űm|o''', mortar. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' mortar.
*059 '''tűvro''', ridgepole [> [[Wikipedia:Inupiaq language|Inupik]] ''<u>tūr</u>raq'', ridgepole].
*060 '''þa̋a̋k|o''', rafter [> Korean ''<u>thɨ́r</u>'', frame]. '''-ı̋ȝo''', framework of a roof, rafters.
*061 '''þa̋a̋mo''', ceiling [> Turkish ''<u>dam</u>'', roof].
*''cpd'' '''þ̨ofkőro''', thatched roof [< '''þ̨ofo''', thatch; '''kőro''', roof].
*062 '''żőf|o''', inner corner [> Japanese ''<u>yòk</u>o'', side]. '''-ða̋no''', corner shelf.


===Mining – '''guupűűra'''===
*042 '''gűű|pa''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' mine. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' mine [> English <u>cove</u>]. '''-fle̋ga''', seepage. '''-flu''', miner. '''-po''', mine.
*043 '''x̨űm|o''', coal [> Turkish ''<u>köm</u>ür'', coal]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' mine coal. '''-da̋ro''', colliery. '''-gűűpo''', coal mine. '''-le̋ƣo''', coal seam. '''-lu''', coal-miner, collier. '''-pı̋=ko''', (coal) tar. '''=ki''', ''adj.'' tarry, tarried. '''=xm̃i''', ''adj.'' tarred.


===Leatherwork - '''koonűűra'''===
==Furnishings - '''re̋e̋ðos'''==
*044 '''ȝő|da''', ''t.v.'' tan, dress [''a hide''] [> Mongolian ''<u>id</u>eɣe'', tanning stuff]. '''-do''', tanned hide. '''-ðde̋mo''', tannery. '''-ðlu''', tanner. '''-ðra''', tannage. '''-ðt̬i''', tannin.
*''cpd'' '''aaþvı̋ðo''', brazier [< '''a̋a̋þe''', fire; '''vı̋ðo''', cask].
*045 '''kőő|no''', leather [> Turkmen ''<u>gön</u>'', leather]. '''-na''', ''i.v.'' work in leather. '''-nlu''', leather worker. '''-nma̋lt̬i''', [[Wikipedia:Dubbin|dubbin]]. '''-n̈i''', ''adj.'' leathern, leathery, resembling leather. '''-n̨őni''', ''adj.'' leathern, (made of) leather.
*063 '''ala̋mo''', wadding [> Hungarian ''<u>alom</u>'', litter].
*046 '''meemsa̋ðro''', flesh side of a hide [> English <u>mem</u>ber].
*064 '''a̋uxo''', oven [> English ''<u>ov</u>en''].
*047 '''m̨a̋x|o''', pelt, fell [> Japanese ''<u>muk</u>u'', shaggy hair]. '''-ı̋ȝo''', peltry.
*065 '''ave̋ro''', bedding [> [[Wikipedia:Inupiaq language|Inupik]] ''<u>ašš</u>aq'', curtain].
*048 '''t̬a̋ko''', hide [> Ancient Greek ''<u>sák</u>os'', leather shield].
*''cpd'' '''bixxa̋so''', mosquito net [< '''bixe''', mosquito; '''xa̋so''', net].
*049 '''xa̋|da''', ''t.v.'' scrape hide [> Japanese ''<u>kez</u>ur-'', scrape off]. '''-ðlo''', hide scraper, [[Wikipedia:Ulu|ulu]].
*066 '''da̋k|o''', blanket, coverlet [> Turkish ''<u>jorɣ</u>an'', blanket]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' (cover as with a) blanket.
*067 '''ða̋n|o''', shelf, ledge, berm [> English <u>den</u>]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' place-, put-, -on a shelf. '''-se̋do''', bench.
*068 '''e̋rgo''', closet [> Mongolian ''<u>erg</u>ineg'', cupboard].
*069 '''holṡo''', cupboard, cabinet [> [[Wikipedia:Navarro-Lapurdian dialect|Lapurdian]] ''<u>holtz</u>'', cupboard].
*070 '''inle̋ƣo''', sleeping platform [> [[Wikipedia:Yupik languages|Yupik]] ''<u>iŋlǝq</u>'', bed].
*''cpd'' '''ȝege̋rgo''', {{Color|red|ice box, refrigerator}} [< '''ȝego''', ice;  '''e̋rgo''', closet].
*071 '''katı̋lo''', Hydoran sleeping mat [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>kaṭṭil</u>'', cot].
*072 '''ke̋mo''', stove [> Japanese ''<u>kàm</u>a'', stove].
*073 '''kőőmo''', carpet, rug [> Japanese ''<u>kòm</u>o''].
*074 '''la̋fso''', space behind the fire place.
*''cpd'' '''lam̃vı̋ðo''', {{Color|red|bathtub}} [< '''la̋m̃a''', bathe; '''vı̋ðo''', cask].
*''cpd'' '''maaþbe̋ho''', wooden floor [< '''ma̋a̋to''', wood; '''be̋ho''', floor].
*''cpd'' '''meeðtűngo''', attic-, garret-, -window [<  '''me̋e̋do''', attic; '''tűngo''', window].
*075 '''műűd|o''', curtain, drape [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>mūṭ</u>u'', cover]. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' curtain (off), cover with curtains, drape.
*''cpd'' '''oute̋rgo''', wardrobe [< '''őuto''', clothing; '''e̋rgo''', closet].
*''pol'' '''peelőm̃o''', sink [< '''peelőm̃o''', basin].
*''cpd'' '''piðse̋do''', couch, sofa [< '''pı̋di''', ''adj.'' long; '''se̋do''', seat].
*076 '''pűlto''', awning, tilt.
*077 '''rőiso''', lattice.
*078 '''sı̋þo''', ladder [> Korean ''<u>sad</u>ari'', stairs].
*''cpd'' '''surse̋do''', toilet [''fixture''] [< '''sűra''', ''i.v.'' defecate; '''se̋do''', seat].
*079 '''ṡa̋a̋po''', mat [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>cāp</u>pai'', grass mat].
*080 '''ṡa̋ṡo''', sleeping-, -pallet, -shelf.
*081 '''ta̋a̋ɫo''', mattress.
*''cpd'' '''tírż̨ooxfa̋do''', {{Color|red|gable}} [< '''tír''', three; '''ż̨őőko''', corner; '''fa̋do''', wall].
*082 '''totı̋lo''', cradle [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>toṭṭil</u>'', cradle].
*083 '''þe̋|go''', bed. '''-ƣka̋ðo''', (bed)sheet. '''-ƣke̋m̃o''', bedspread.
*084 '''űűvo''', balcony.
*085 '''űngo''', canopy [> [[Wikipedia:Chaplino dialect|Chaplino]] ''<u>uŋ</u>ávik'', canopy].
*086 '''ve̋e̋urno''', cornice, molding.
*087 '''xeena̋þo''', wall mat [> Turkish ''<u>kanat</u>'', yurt wall].


===Construction – '''deműűra'''===
*050 '''apa̋lo''', plaster [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]] ''<u>appaḷ</u>incu'', smear].
*''cpd'' '''busta̋a̋ino''', adobe. ['''bűṡa''', ''t.v.'' dry under the sun; '''ta̋a̋ino''', stone]
*051 '''ðűv|a''', ''t.v.'' nail, fasten with pegs; stretch [''a canvas''] [> English <u>dow</u>el]. '''-de̋nṡo''', pliers. '''-o''', nail, stud, tack; peg.
*052 '''fı̋ı̋|xa''', ''t.v.'' file, rasp [> Turkish ''<u>ej</u>e'', file]. '''-xi''', ''adj.'' raspy. '''-xlo''', file, ratchet, rasp. '''-x̨e̋rdo''', filings.
*053 '''f̨ő|ra''', '''1.''' ''t.v.'' screw. '''2.''' ''i.v.'' screw [> Japanese ''<u>hór</u>-'', dig]. '''-ro''', screw.
*''cpd'' '''leefvőðlo''', trowel [< '''le̋e̋pa''', ''t.v.'' (make) even; '''vőðlo''', shovel].
*054 '''ṡomőőro''', stone hammer.
*055 '''ṡómoṡı̋ȝo''', pickaxe.
*056 '''þűṡ|a''', ''t.v.'' hammer [> Japanese ''<u>tsuch</u>í'', mallet]. '''-sl=o''', hammer. '''=ĕżo''', sledge hammer. '''-slu''', hammerer.


===Carving - '''laðűűra'''===
==Settlements - '''ı̋xos'''==
*057 '''la̋ð|a''', ''t.v.'' carve, sculpt [> Finnish ''<u>lat</u>u'', trace]. '''-lu''', carver, sculptor. '''-o''', carving, sculpture, statue. '''-ra''', carving, sculpting.
*088 '''da̋|bo''', [''Pyran''] village [> Georgian ''<u>dab</u>a'', small city]. '''-vmuþı̋ȝu''', village council. '''-vne̋e̋ilu''', headwoman. '''-vru''', villager.
*058 '''pela̋bo''', figure made of stone or clay, statue, figurine [> Japanese ''<u>hàniw</u>a'', clay figurines].
*089 '''ðűűn|o''', citadel, {{Color|red|castle, fort, fortress}} [> English <u>town</u>]. '''-da̋su''', governor; '''ðéé~''', vice-governor. '''-muþı̋ȝu''', citadel council. '''-ru''', citadel resident.
 
*090 '''kı̋l|o''', [''Lithan''] village [> Finnish ''<u>kyl</u>ä'', village]. '''-muþı̋ȝu''', village council. '''-ne̋e̋ilu''', headman, reeve. '''-ru''', villager.
===Metalwork – '''ponűűra'''===
*091 '''k̨őngu''', [''Lithan''] settlement head [> Manchu ''<u>uŋ</u>an'', clan head].
''drv'' '''la̋u|ða''', ''t.v.'' (cover with-, line with-, weigh with-) –lead [< '''la̋uðo''', lead]. '''-ðva̋lo''', lead foil. '''-ð̨őni''', ''adj.'' leaden, made of lead.
*092 '''lőbo''', farmstead [> Navarese ''<u>lob</u>iro'', farmyard].
 
*093 '''na̋a̋|do''', [''Hydoran''] settlement. [> [[Wikipedia:Konda language (Dravidian)|Konda]] ''<u>nār</u>_u'', village]. '''-ðmuþı̋ȝu''', village council. '''-ðne̋e̋ilu''', headwoman '''-ðru''', villager.
===Shoemaking – '''þááv̈aanűűra'''===
*094 '''r|ı̋ȝo''', city. '''-iine̋e̋ilu''', mayor. '''-ı̋ı̋ko''', town. '''-ı̋ı̋ru''', citizen.
*059 '''lűűs|o''', last. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' last.
*095 '''ṡe̋im̃|o''', [''Human''] settlement [> English <u>civ</u>il]. '''-muþı̋ȝu''', council. '''-ne̋e̋ilu''', materfamilias, head-woman. '''-ru''', villager.
*''cpd'' '''þaav̈a̋a̋n|a''', ''t.v.'' make shoes, cobble [< '''þa̋a̋vo''', shoe; '''va̋a̋na''', ''t.v.'' make]. '''-lu''', cobbler.
 
===Storytelling – '''ɫoműűra'''===
*''cpd'' '''fesɫőm|o''', history, chronicle [< ''' fesi''', ''adj.'' past; '''ɫőmo''', story]. '''-a̋a̋gu''', historian, chronicler.
*060 '''ɫ̨őm|o''', legend, fable, tale, saga, story, tradition [> Korean ''<u>ija</u>gi'', tale]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' tell stories, spin yarns. '''-lu''', storyteller, fable writer.
 
===Jewelry – '''n̨eműűra'''===
*061 '''n̨e̋m|o''', jewel, gem [Tocharian A ''<u>ñem</u>i'', jewel]. '''-a''', ''i.v.'' make jewelry. '''-ı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' jewel, bejewel. '''-ı̋ȝo''', jewelry. '''-lu''', jeweler, lapidary.
 
*see also [[Senjecas clothing and jewelry]].

Revision as of 07:24, 24 April 2019

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Notes

  1. afx = affix, either a prefix or a suffix added to a root, e.g., m̃e̋ha, t.v. wedge + lo, means suffix = m̃e̋hlo, keystone, dowel, cotter pin.
  2. cpd = a compound of two or more roots, e.g., a̋a̋me, flowing water + tűlo, tube = aamtűlo, aqueduct.
  3. drv = a word derived from a root, e.g., te̋ro, room, chamber, < te̋ra, make room.
  4. pol = a word with a different, but related sense to an original word, e.g., sa̋iro, merlon < sa̋ira, t.v. project.
  5. These words are not numbered, as only original roots are numbered.
  6. Words in red indicate an object that did not exist in Sefdaania.
  7. There are 95 root words (lemmata) of which one is a verb and none is an adjective which can be treated as a stative verb. Thus .01 percent of the vocabulary is verbs.


Buildings - de̋mos

  • cpd aamtűlo, aqueduct [< aamo, flowing water; tűlo, duct].
  • cpd aam̃da̋ro, auditorium [< aam̃a, listen; -da̋ro, noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs].
  • 001 a̋ito, stilt house [> Lithuanian áit(i)vara-s, elf].
  • cpd áám̈olde̋mo, water mill [< áámo, flowing water; molde̋mo, mill].
  • cpd ánerka̋a̋xo, ancestral hall [< ane̋ru, ancestor; ka̋a̋xo, hall].
  • 002 apa̋l|o, plaster, stucco, render [> Telugu appaḷincu, smear]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. plaster, beplaster, stucco, render.
  • 003 arge̋l̨o, [Human] underground dwelling.
  • cpd ásgiirde̋mo, movie house, cinema [< a̋ṡa, t.v. move; gı̋ı̋ra, t.v. draw; de̋mo, building].
  • 004 atőȝo, shepherd’s cabin [> Etruscan shepherd’s cabin].
  • 005 a̋xlo, Pyran adobe house [> Georgian saxl-, house].
  • cpd bahde̋mo, pawnshop [< ba̋ha, t.v. pawn; de̋mo, building].
  • 006 be̋ƣo, barn [> Georgian beɣeli, barn].
  • cpd davþőlo, drawbridge [< daba, t.v. pull; þőlo, bridge].
  • cpd defde̋mo, tea house [< de̋po, tisane; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd deusde̋mo, station [< de̋usa, t.v. stop; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd disde̋mo, guardhouse [< dı̋sa, t.v. guard; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd eðde̋mo, restaurant [< e̋da, t.v. eat ; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd goolde̋mo, storehouse, warehouse [< gőőla, t.v. store; de̋mo, building].
  • 007 gűűlo, [Lithan] house [> Japanese kurá, shed].
  • 008 ha̋rmo, temple [> Sanskrit harmyá-, large house].
  • cpd ívgoolde̋mo, granary, grange [< ı̋bo, grain; gőőla, t.v. store; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd ȝaaxde̋mo, chandlery [< ȝ a̋a̋ka, make candles de̋mo, building].
  • cpd ȝaxde̋mo, hospital, sanatorium [< ȝa̋ka, t.v. heal; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd ȝáxtŭsade̋mo, pharmacy [< ȝa̋xt̬i, medicine; sa̋a, t.v. buy; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd ȝoðde̋mo, tannery [< ȝőda, t.v. tan; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd kaþíísade̋mo, department store [< kaþı̋ȝo, variety; fa̋a̋ra, t.v. sell; sa̋a, t.v. buy; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd koinde̋mo, community house [< de̋mo, building].
  • cpd kolde̋mo, jail, prison, penitentiary [< kőla, t.v. imprison; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd k̬olde̋mo, butcher shop [< k̬őla, t.v. butcher; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd lam̃de̋mo, bathhouse [< la̋m̃a, t.v. bathe; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd liiƣde̋mo, pottery [< lı̋ı̋ga, t.v. throw [a pot]; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd leið|da̋ro, stadium, arena [< le̋ida, t.v. play; -da̋ro, noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs]. -de̋mo, playhouse, theater [< de̋mo, building].
  • cpd losde̋mo, sawmill [< lőṡa, t.v. saw; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd luvde̋mo, library [< lűvo, book; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd malde̋mo, hostel [< ma̋la, i.v. wander; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd meðde̋mo, meadery [< me̋ðo, mead; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd méztunde̋mo, college [< me̋żi, adj. big; tűna, t.v. learn; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd mevde̋mo, dance hall [< me̋ba, i.v. dance; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd miþde̋mo, post office [< mı̋þa, t.v. mail; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd molde̋mo, mill [< mőla, grind; de̋mo, building]
  • cpd muþ|da̋ro, meeting place [< műþa, t.v. assemble; -da̋ro, noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs]. -de̋mo, meeting house, assembly hall [< de̋mo, building].
  • 009 m̃a̋sto, palace. [> Greek ἄστϋ, city].
  • cpd m̃éémolde̋mo, windmill [< m̃e̋e̋e, wind; molde̋mo, mill].
  • cpd m̃einde̋mo, wine house [< m̃e̋ino, wine; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd m̃eƣde̋mo, carriage house, garage [< m̃e̋ƣo, wagon; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd nesde̋mo, bank [< ne̋sa, t.v. save; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd néṡaiðde̋mo, crematory [< ne̋ṡo, corpse; aida, t.v. burn; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd numvűrƣo [< numo, sky; vűrƣo, watchtower].
  • cpd oonde̋mo, skyscraper [< ooni, adj. high; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd omm̃e̋e̋so, barracks [< őmu, army; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd oƣm̃e̋e̋so, orphanage [< őgo, orphan; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd oþm̃e̋e̋so, lodge [< őþa, i.v. take lodging; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd palte̋ro, rotunda [< pa̋li, adj. round; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd peþxa̋po, airport [< pe̋ta, t.v. fly; xa̋po, harbor].
  • cpd piinde̋mo, mint [< pı̋ı̋na, t.v. mint; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd piiƣde̋mo, smokehouse [< pı̋ı̋ga, t.v. smoke meat; de̋mo, building].
  • 010 ƥala̋go, mansion [> Mongolian balaɣasun, fortress].
  • cpd raaþm̃e̋e̋so, log house [< ra̋a̋to, log; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd saaþda̋ro, caravansary, khan [< sa̋a̋þo, caravan; -da̋ro, noun suffix naming the place where the activity of the verb or noun occurs].
  • cpd sade̋m|o, store [< sa̋a, t.v. buy; de̋mo, building]. -ko, shop.
  • cpd saƣte̋ro, coat-, cloak-, -room [< sa̋go, coat; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd sax|de̋mo, brewery [< sa̋xa, t.v. brew; de̋mo, building]. -sade̋mko, alehouse, beer-house, pub, bar, tavern [< sade̋mko, shop].
  • cpd suuþde̋mo, museum [< sűűta, t.v. exhibit; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd surde̋mo, latrine, outhouse [< sűra, i.v. defecate; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd šefm̃e̋e̋so, dormitory [< šepa, i.v. sleep; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd šeþm̃e̋e̋so, guest house [< še̋tu, guest; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd ṡíxsaaþde̋mo, railway station [< ṡíxo, rail; sa̋a̋þo, caravan; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd s̨uþde̋mo, dairy [< s̨űűþa, t.v. milk; de̋mo, building].
  • 011 ṡokőmo, temporary shelter used by Human herders [> Hungarian soɣVm, snow hut].
  • 012 tala̋so, cottage, hut, cabin [> Finnish talas, hut].
  • cpd taƣm̃e̋e̋so, inn, hotel [< ta̋ƣa, t.v. travel; m̃e̋e̋so, house].
  • cpd teeƣde̋mo, distillery [< te̋e̋ga, t.v. distill; de̋mo, building].
  • 013 tőto, canal, channel [> Tamil toṭṭi, trough] [< ].
  • cpd tozde̋mo, church [< toza, t.v. worship; de̋mo, building].
  • cpd tunde̋mo, school [< tuna, t.v. learn; de̋mo, building].
  • drv þőőro, tower [< þőőra, t.v. tower].
  • drv þőlo, bridge [< þőla, t.v. span].
  • 014 va̋rgo, (town)square [> Middle Low German barg-, barn without walls].
  • cpd vooƣde̋mo, bakery [< vőőga, t.v. bake; de̋mo, building].
  • 015 vűno, chalet.
  • 016 vűrƣo, watchtower [> English burg].
  • 017 xőto, [Hydoran] hut [> Naiki khoṭa, cowshed].
  • cpd zarþőőro, bell tower [< za̋ro, bell; þőőro, tower].
  • cpd zǫðde̋mo, greenhouse, conservatory, hot house [< zǫ̋da, t.v. farm; de̋mo, building].


Tents and yurts - vőutos, nűűros

  • 018 fuba̋go, sticks supporting the upper rim of a yurt [> Turkish huɣ, hut].
  • 019 ke̋e̋nto, wall of yurt.
  • 020 nűűr|o, yurt. -a, i.v. set up a yurt.
  • 021 tı̋so, tent roof of birch bark [> Komi tiska, tent roof of birch bark].
  • 022 vőu|to, tent; ~tom na̋a̋þa, pitch a tent. -ta, i.v. tent, camp, encamp. -tı̋ȝo, camp. -þlu, camper.
  • 023 x̨űg|o, central pole of a tent [> Evenki uɣe, threshold]. -a, i.v. erect the central pole of a tent.


Rooms – te̋ros

  • cpd aarte̋ro, porch, veranda [< a̋a̋ri, adj. open; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd daarte̋ro, workroom [< da̋a̋ra, i.v. work; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd duƣte̋ro, kitchen [< dűƣa, t.v. cook; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd ðurte̋ro, room of portals [< ðűra, door; te̋ro, room].
  • 024 e̋ðo, lobby, vestibule, foyer, entrance hall [> Finnish esi, front].
  • cpd eðte̋ro, dining room, refectory [< eda, t.v. eat; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd goolte̋ro, pantry, larder [< gőőla, t.v. store; te̋ro, room].
  • 025 ka̋a̋xo, hall [> Turkish koɣuš, hall].
  • 026 ke̋to, living room, quarters.
  • cpd lam̃te̋ro, bathroom [< la̋m̃a, t.v. bathe; te̋ro, room].
  • 027 me̋e̋do, ceiling loft, attic, garret [> Telugu mēḍa, upper chamber].
  • cpd múslam̃te̋ro, sauna bath [< műso, steam; lam̃a, t.v. bathe; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd n̨oofte̋ro, room in the front, but [< n̨óópa, postp. in front of; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd puite̋ro, room in the rear, ben [< pűȝi, adj. back; te̋ro, room]
  • cpd ƣiþte̋ro, shower room [< ƣı̋ta, i.v. take a shower; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd íturte̋ro, spring room [< itűro, spring; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd siƣte̋ro, laboratory [< sı̋ga, t.v. research; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd šefte̋ro, bedroom [< šepa, i.v. sleep; te̋ro, room].
  • cpd ṡiixte̋ro, toilet [room] [< ṡı̋ı̋ka, i.v. urinate; te̋ro, room].


Parts of a house – m̃eesfa̋a̋ȝos

  • 028 a̋ulo, court.
  • 029 be̋h|o, floor, flooring. -fa̋lo, floor board. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. floor.
  • 030 be̋sto, hearth grate [> Guipuzkoan bertzun, hearth grate].
  • 031 bőðo, platform.
  • 032 b̨a̋so, deck [> Tungus biasere-, decking].
  • cpd demn̨őőpo, façade [< de̋mo, building; n̨őőpo, front].
  • 033 ðű|ro, door, portal [> English door] -ra i.v. shut the door. -rı̋d̨a, t.v. shut the door on s.o./s.th., close the entrance-, -to, -of. -rkőmto, doorframe. -rnı̋ðo, door-, -handle, -knob. -rpőrto, doorway. -rƥőso, doorsill. -re̋rgo, doorstep.
  • 034 e̋rg|o, step, stair [> Yakut ergene, stairs]. -ĕṡı̋xo, banister, handrail. -iirı̋zo, newel (post). -ı̋ȝo, steps, stairs, staircase.
  • 035 f̨a̋nxo, door-, -post, -jamb [> Mongolian enike, doorpost].
  • 036 kőƣɫo, chimney [> Turkish kovkovuşš, gutter].
  • 037 kőr|o, roof [> Sami goarân, hairy skin covering]. -fa̋do, parapet. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. roof. -kűto, roofing, roof covering. -lu, roofer. -pa̋lðo, gutter. -ta̋a̋ino, roof tile, flagstone. -tűlo, downspout. -tűngo, skylight. -þ̨őfo, roof thatch.
  • 038 ǫ̋po, yard.
  • 039 ƥőso, threshold, sill [> Japanese hashí, bridge].
  • 040 ra̋po, flue [> Finnish räppänä, flue].
  • 041 sa̋rmo, smoke hole in roof [> Kamas mā-zɛro, smoke hole in tent].
  • 042 sı̋ko, lintel [> Japanese shìkii, threshhold].
  • cpd suxðűro, revolving door [< sűka, t.v. turn; ðűro, door].
  • 043 ṡı̋ı̋s|o, column, pillar. –aża̋mo, collonade, peristyle. -i, adj. columnar. -pe̋do, pedestal, footstall.
  • 044 ṡőlo, fireplace, hearth [> Tamil ulai, fireplace].
  • 045 ṡűűro, eave [> Telugu, cūru, eaves].
  • 046 ta̋þ|o, gate, gateway [> Kolami daṭam, door]. -vűrƣo, barbican.
  • cpd teƣf̨őőlo, portico [< te̋ga, t.v. shelter; f̨őőlo, path].
  • 047 þűng|o, window [> Japanese to, door]. -ĕƥőso, windowsill. -ĕka̋ðo, shutter.


Construction - de̋mra

  • 048 de̋m|a, t.v. build, construct, erect, put-, set-, -up, raise [> English timber]. -o, building, edifice, structure. -lu, builder. -ra, construction.
  • 049 d̬ı̋r|o, crossbeam, joist [> Georgian dire, beam]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. joist.
  • 050 fa̋do, wall [> Korean param, walls].
  • cpd falgődo, wooden partition [< fa̋lo, board; gődo, interior wall].
  • 051 fe̋e̋no, roof shingle.
  • cpd foorta̋a̋ino, keystone [< főőro, top; ta̋a̋ino, stone].
  • 052 gő|do, interior wall [> Telugu gōḍa, wall]. -ðbaȝa̋lo, alcove.
  • cpd ɠorðe̋iho, adobe [< ɠoro, reed; ðe̋iho, clay].
  • 053 ha̋b|o, beam, girder, balk [> Gipuzkoan abe, beam]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. place a-, -beam, -girder, -balk.
  • cpd pooznűvo cotter pin [< pőőza, t.v. split; nűvo, pin].
  • pol ƣőőro, roof-tree, ridgepole, ridge beam [< ƣőőra, i.v. protrude].
  • cpd raþme̋ito, dowel [< rata, t.v. align; me̋ito, peg].
  • 054 rőőto, rafter joint.
  • pol sa̋iro, merlon [< sa̋ira, t.v. project].
  • 055 se̋rk|o, wattle [> English sartorial]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. wattle.
  • 056 sı̋ı̋p|o, sod. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. lay sod.
  • drv šibı̋d̨a, t.v. cover with slate [< šı̋bo, slate].
  • 057 s̨őőro, structure made of poles [> Turkish sırık, pole].
  • 058 ṡ̬űm|o, mortar. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. mortar.
  • 059 tűvro, ridgepole [> Inupik tūrraq, ridgepole].
  • 060 þa̋a̋k|o, rafter [> Korean thɨ́r, frame]. -ı̋ȝo, framework of a roof, rafters.
  • 061 þa̋a̋mo, ceiling [> Turkish dam, roof].
  • cpd þ̨ofkőro, thatched roof [< þ̨ofo, thatch; kőro, roof].
  • 062 żőf|o, inner corner [> Japanese yòko, side]. -ða̋no, corner shelf.


Furnishings - re̋e̋ðos

  • cpd aaþvı̋ðo, brazier [< a̋a̋þe, fire; vı̋ðo, cask].
  • 063 ala̋mo, wadding [> Hungarian alom, litter].
  • 064 a̋uxo, oven [> English oven].
  • 065 ave̋ro, bedding [> Inupik aššaq, curtain].
  • cpd bixxa̋so, mosquito net [< bixe, mosquito; xa̋so, net].
  • 066 da̋k|o, blanket, coverlet [> Turkish jorɣan, blanket]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. (cover as with a) blanket.
  • 067 ða̋n|o, shelf, ledge, berm [> English den]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. place-, put-, -on a shelf. -se̋do, bench.
  • 068 e̋rgo, closet [> Mongolian ergineg, cupboard].
  • 069 holṡo, cupboard, cabinet [> Lapurdian holtz, cupboard].
  • 070 inle̋ƣo, sleeping platform [> Yupik iŋlǝq, bed].
  • cpd ȝege̋rgo, ice box, refrigerator [< ȝego, ice; e̋rgo, closet].
  • 071 katı̋lo, Hydoran sleeping mat [> Tamil kaṭṭil, cot].
  • 072 ke̋mo, stove [> Japanese kàma, stove].
  • 073 kőőmo, carpet, rug [> Japanese kòmo].
  • 074 la̋fso, space behind the fire place.
  • cpd lam̃vı̋ðo, bathtub [< la̋m̃a, bathe; vı̋ðo, cask].
  • cpd maaþbe̋ho, wooden floor [< ma̋a̋to, wood; be̋ho, floor].
  • cpd meeðtűngo, attic-, garret-, -window [< me̋e̋do, attic; tűngo, window].
  • 075 műűd|o, curtain, drape [> Tamil mūṭu, cover]. -ı̋d̨a, t.v. curtain (off), cover with curtains, drape.
  • cpd oute̋rgo, wardrobe [< őuto, clothing; e̋rgo, closet].
  • pol peelőm̃o, sink [< peelőm̃o, basin].
  • cpd piðse̋do, couch, sofa [< pı̋di, adj. long; se̋do, seat].
  • 076 pűlto, awning, tilt.
  • 077 rőiso, lattice.
  • 078 sı̋þo, ladder [> Korean sadari, stairs].
  • cpd surse̋do, toilet [fixture] [< sűra, i.v. defecate; se̋do, seat].
  • 079 ṡa̋a̋po, mat [> Tamil cāppai, grass mat].
  • 080 ṡa̋ṡo, sleeping-, -pallet, -shelf.
  • 081 ta̋a̋ɫo, mattress.
  • cpd tírż̨ooxfa̋do, gable [< tír, three; ż̨őőko, corner; fa̋do, wall].
  • 082 totı̋lo, cradle [> Tamil toṭṭil, cradle].
  • 083 þe̋|go, bed. -ƣka̋ðo, (bed)sheet. -ƣke̋m̃o, bedspread.
  • 084 űűvo, balcony.
  • 085 űngo, canopy [> Chaplino uŋávik, canopy].
  • 086 ve̋e̋urno, cornice, molding.
  • 087 xeena̋þo, wall mat [> Turkish kanat, yurt wall].


Settlements - ı̋xos

  • 088 da̋|bo, [Pyran] village [> Georgian daba, small city]. -vmuþı̋ȝu, village council. -vne̋e̋ilu, headwoman. -vru, villager.
  • 089 ðűűn|o, citadel, castle, fort, fortress [> English town]. -da̋su, governor; ðéé~, vice-governor. -muþı̋ȝu, citadel council. -ru, citadel resident.
  • 090 kı̋l|o, [Lithan] village [> Finnish kylä, village]. -muþı̋ȝu, village council. -ne̋e̋ilu, headman, reeve. -ru, villager.
  • 091 k̨őngu, [Lithan] settlement head [> Manchu uŋan, clan head].
  • 092 lőbo, farmstead [> Navarese lobiro, farmyard].
  • 093 na̋a̋|do, [Hydoran] settlement. [> Konda nār_u, village]. -ðmuþı̋ȝu, village council. -ðne̋e̋ilu, headwoman -ðru, villager.
  • 094 r|ı̋ȝo, city. -iine̋e̋ilu, mayor. -ı̋ı̋ko, town. -ı̋ı̋ru, citizen.
  • 095 ṡe̋im̃|o, [Human] settlement [> English civil]. -muþı̋ȝu, council. -ne̋e̋ilu, materfamilias, head-woman. -ru, villager.
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