Senjecas - when: Difference between revisions

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==Glossing abbreviations==
==Glossing abbreviations==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
|PST = past
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|CONV = conversive
|CONV = conversive
|F = feminine
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|INT = intensive prefix
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|TRZ = transitivizer
|-
|-
|
|3 = 3rd person
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
|PST = past
|VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|DIM = diminutive
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|FUT = future
|OCC = occupation suffix
|LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|RPRF = recent perfective
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|IMP = imperative
|PP = patient (past) participle
|M = masculine
|SBJ = subjunctive
|QUOT = direct quotation
|
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRF = perfect
|OCC = occupation suffix
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|RPR = recent perfective
|
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PP = patient (past) participle
|VBLZ = verbalizer
|SBJ = subjunctive
|
|}
|}


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!éȝ-us||xán-'||u=tőp-a
!éȝ-us||xán-'||u=tőp-a
|-
|-
|they-N.p||when-ELIS||FUT-arrive-IND
|3-N.p||when-ELIS||FUT-arrive-IND
|}
|}


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*'''2.''' '''xánu''' - introduces indirect questions about time
*'''2.''' '''xánu''' - introduces indirect questions about time
*Do you know when they will arrive?
*Do you know when they will arrive?
*'''tu—éȝun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋rame:
*'''tu—éȝun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋ra me:
:{|
:{|
!t-u||n-un||xán-'||u=tőp-u||sa̋a̋r-a-me
!t-u||n-un||xán-'||u=tőp-u||sa̋a̋r-a||me
|-
|-
|2s-N||they-A.p||when-ELIS||FUT=arrive-SUP||know-IND-Q
|2s-N||they-A.p||when-ELIS||FUT=arrive-SUP||know-IND||Q
|}
|}


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!éȝ-us||te̋e̋-a-þ-us||e=ı̋l-a||téni||šep-e̋ȝa
!éȝ-us||te̋e̋-a-þ-us||e=ı̋l-a||téni||šep-e̋ȝa
|-
|-
|they-N.p||tell-IND-PP-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||sleep-SBJ
|t3-N.p||tell-IND-PP-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||sleep-SBJ
|}
|}


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!t-u||xávu||sa̋rn-om||fa̋r-a||hi||éȝ-u||íð-'||u=vűű=a||ne
!t-u||xávu||sa̋rn-om||fa̋r-a||hi||éȝ-u||íð-'||u=vűű=a||ne
|-
|-
|2s-N||why||party-A.s||prepare-IND||when||he-N.s||here-ELIS||FUT=be-IND||not
|2s-N||why||party-A.s||prepare-IND||when||3-N.s||here-ELIS||FUT=be-IND||not
|}
|}


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*'''7.''' '''ma̋ta''' – that's enough
*'''7.''' '''ma̋ta''' – that's enough
*Just say when.
*Just say when.
*'''ma̋ta dáámu te̋e̋e:'''
*'''ma̋ta átu te̋e̋e:'''
:{|
:{|
!ma̋t-a||dáámu||te̋e̋-e
!ma̋t-a||dáámu||te̋e̋-e

Revision as of 05:08, 28 June 2019

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive


Adverb

  • 1. xánu - introduces questions about time
  • When will they arrive?
  • éȝus xán' u-tőpa:
éȝ-us xán-' u=tőp-a
3-N.p when-ELIS FUT-arrive-IND


  • 2. xánu - introduces indirect questions about time
  • Do you know when they will arrive?
  • tu—éȝun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋ra me:
t-u n-un xán-' u=tőp-u sa̋a̋r-a me
2s-N they-A.p when-ELIS FUT=arrive-SUP know-IND Q


Conjunction

  • 3. téni - at what time
  • They were told when to sleep
  • éȝus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la—téni šepe̋ȝa:
éȝ-us te̋e̋-a-þ-us e=ı̋l-a téni šep-e̋ȝa
t3-N.p tell-IND-PP-N.p PST=become-IND when sleep-SBJ


  • 4. méti - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase
  • It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
  • e-sűűm̃a—méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:
e=sűűm̃-a méti m-u hes=áh=vi e=tőp-a
PST=rain-IND when 1s.N yester-day-ADV PST=arrive-IND


  • 5. hi - since, given the fact that
  • Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
  • tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra—hi éȝu íð' u-vűűa ne:
t-u xávu sa̋rn-om fa̋r-a hi éȝ-u íð-' u=vűű=a ne
2s-N why party-A.s prepare-IND when 3-N.s here-ELIS FUT=be-IND not


Pronoun

  • 6. xa keesa̋s pósa - from the time at which something happens
  • Since when has he been king.
  • éȝu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vŭvűűa:
éȝ-u xa-Ø kees-a̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣ-u vŭ~vűű-a
3-N.s what-ABS time-G.s since king-N.s PRF~be-IND


Interjection

  • 7. ma̋ta – that's enough
  • Just say when.
  • ma̋ta átu te̋e̋e:
ma̋t-a dáámu te̋e̋-e
be.enough-IND just say-IMP
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