Senjecas - ahead: Difference between revisions

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==Glossing abbreviations==
==Glossing abbreviations==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
|PST = past
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|CONV = conversive
|CONV = conversive
|F = feminine
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|INT = intensive prefix
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|TRZ = transitivizer
|-
|-
|
|3 = 3rd person
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
|PST = past
|VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|DIM = diminutive
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|FUT = future
|OCC = occupation suffix
|LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|RPRF = recent perfective
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|IMP = imperative
|PP = patient (past) participle
|M = masculine
|SBJ = subjunctive
|QUOT = direct quotation
|
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRF = perfect
|OCC = occupation suffix
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|RPR = recent perfective
|
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PP = patient (past) participle
|VBLZ = verbalizer
|SBJ = subjunctive
|
|}
|}


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*'''1.''' '''réiþim'''- beyond the head of the ship, toward the prow
*'''1.''' '''réiþim'''- beyond the head of the ship, toward the prow
*Full steam ahead!
*Full steam ahead!
*'''őra m̃a̋ka réiþim:'''
*'''őra m̃a̋ka rééiþ̈im:'''
:{|
:{|
!őra-Ø||m̃a̋k-a||réiþim
!őra-Ø||m̃a̋k-a||rééit=þim
|-
|-
|all-ABS||power-N.s||ahead
|all-ABS||power-N.s||prow=LAT
|}
|}


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*'''dı̋mo ṡa n̨óófþi ðe̋e̋a:'''
*'''dı̋mo ṡa n̨óófþi ðe̋e̋a:'''
:{|
:{|
!dı̋m-o||ṡa||n̨óófþi||ðe̋e̋-a
!dı̋m-o||ṡa||n̨óóf=þi||ðe̋e̋-a
|-
|-
|island-N.s||just||ahead||lie-IND
|island-N.s||just||before-LOC||lie-IND
|}
|}


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*'''tu ṡa n̨óófþi fa̋a̋kon na̋ku ma̋ƣa:'''
*'''tu ṡa n̨óófþi fa̋a̋kon na̋ku ma̋ƣa:'''
:{|
:{|
!t-u||ṡa||n̨óófþi||fa̋a̋k-on||na̋k-u||ma̋ƣ-a
!t-u||ṡa||n̨óóf=þi||fa̋a̋k-on||na̋k-u||ma̋ƣ-a
|-
|-
|2s-N||just||ahead||cliff-A.p||see-SUP||be.able-IND
|2s-N||just||before=LOC||cliff-A.p||see-SUP||be.able-IND
|}
|}


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!ka̋la-Ø||ke̋e̋s-as||pós-'||u=vűűl-a
!ka̋la-Ø||ke̋e̋s-as||pós-'||u=vűűl-a
|-
|-
|hard-ABS||time-N.p||ahead-ELIS||FUT=there.be-IND
|hard-ABS||time-N.p||afterwards-ELIS||FUT=there.be-IND
|}
|}


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!ra̋ȝ-o||eȝ-úm||n̨óópa||šín-vi||e=ðe̋e̋-a
!ra̋ȝ-o||eȝ-úm||n̨óópa||šín-vi||e=ðe̋e̋-a
|-
|-
|hill-N.s||they-G.p||ahead.of||threatening-ADV||PST=lie-IND
|hill-N.s||3-G.p||ahead.of||threatening-ADV||PST=lie-IND
|}
|}


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*'''7.''' '''n̨óópa''' - in advance of
*'''7.''' '''n̨óópa''' - in advance of
*He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements
*He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements
*'''ı̋ı̋ƣa b̨őlan b̨őlantu. eȝu-m̃a̋l̤um n̨óópa e-ta̋ƣa:'''
*'''ı̋ı̋ƣa b̨őlan b̨őlantu. eȝu-ve̋e̋l̤um n̨óópa e-ta̋ƣa:'''
:{|
:{|
!ı̋ı̋ƣa-Ø||b̨ől-an||b̨ől-a-ntu-Ø||eȝ-u||m̃a̋l-l-um||n̨óópa||e=ta̋ƣ-a
!ı̋ı̋ƣa-Ø||b̨ől-an||b̨ől-a-ntu-Ø||ve̋e̋l-l-um||n̨óópa||e=ta̋ƣ-a
|-
|-
|necessary-ABS||arrangement-A.p||arrange-IND-AP-ABS||he-N.s||strengthen-AG-A.s||in.advance.of||PST=travel-IND
|necessary-ABS||arrangement-A.p||arrange-IND-AP-ABS-AG-A.s||be.in.charge-AG-A.s||in.advance.of||PST=travel-IND
|}
|}


Revision as of 11:53, 27 June 2019

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive


Adverb

  • 1. réiþim- beyond the head of the ship, toward the prow
  • Full steam ahead!
  • őra m̃a̋ka rééiþ̈im:
őra-Ø m̃a̋k-a rééit=þim
all-ABS power-N.s prow=LAT


  • 2. n̨óófþi - in or to the front; in advance; ahead
  • The island lies just ahead.
  • dı̋mo ṡa n̨óófþi ðe̋e̋a:
dı̋m-o ṡa n̨óóf=þi ðe̋e̋-a
island-N.s just before-LOC lie-IND


  • 3. n̨óófþi - in the direction one is facing or moving
  • Just ahead you can see the cliffs.
  • tu ṡa n̨óófþi fa̋a̋kon na̋ku ma̋ƣa:
t-u ṡa n̨óóf=þi fa̋a̋k-on na̋k-u ma̋ƣ-a
2s-N just before=LOC cliff-A.p see-SUP be.able-IND


  • 4. pósu - in the future, preceding, afterwards
  • There will be hard times ahead.
  • ka̋la ke̋e̋sas pós' u-vűűla:
ka̋la-Ø ke̋e̋s-as pós-' u=vűűl-a
hard-ABS time-N.p afterwards-ELIS FUT=there.be-IND


  • 5. mĭme̋m̃aþu - having progressed more.
  • He is ahead of his class in math.
  • eȝu-dokű' sóma luxsaar̈a̋s túȝa mĭme̋m̃aþu vűűa:
eȝu=dok-ű-' sóma luxsaar̈-a̋s túȝa mĭ ~me̋m̃-a-þ-u vűű-a
his=class-G.s-ELIS than math-G.s with.respect.to ELT~advance-IND-PP-N.s be-IND


Postposition

  • 6. n̨óópa - in front of, before
  • A hill loomed ahead of them.
  • ra̋ȝo eȝúm n̨óópa šínvi e-ðe̋e̋a:
ra̋ȝ-o eȝ-úm n̨óópa šín-vi e=ðe̋e̋-a
hill-N.s 3-G.p ahead.of threatening-ADV PST=lie-IND


  • 7. n̨óópa - in advance of
  • He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements
  • ı̋ı̋ƣa b̨őlan b̨őlantu. eȝu-ve̋e̋l̤um n̨óópa e-ta̋ƣa:
ı̋ı̋ƣa-Ø b̨ől-an b̨ől-a-ntu-Ø ve̋e̋l-l-um n̨óópa e=ta̋ƣ-a
necessary-ABS arrangement-A.p arrange-IND-AP-ABS-AG-A.s be.in.charge-AG-A.s in.advance.of PST=travel-IND


  • 8. n̨óópa - preceding; before
  • You have a long trip ahead of you.
  • tús n̨óópa pı̋ðo ta̋ƣom ƣe̋va:
t-ús n̨óópa pı̋ðo-Ø ta̋ƣ-om ƣe̋v-a
2s-G ahead.of long-ABS trip-A.s have-IND
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