Senjecas 1.2 World: Difference between revisions
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*c. What words describe something that affects the whole world? | *c. What words describe something that affects the whole world? | ||
**world | **world - '''v̌e̋e̋t/þ-''' (''adj.'') | ||
**global - '''ge̋li''' | **global - '''ge̋li''' | ||
**worldwide, all over the world, round the world - '''v̌eetős þáfa''' | **worldwide, all over the world, round the world - '''v̌eetős þáfa''' | ||
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**edge of the forest - '''furtűbo''' | **edge of the forest - '''furtűbo''' | ||
**deep in the forest - '''furṡa̋li''' | **deep in the forest - '''furṡa̋li''' | ||
**backwoods - '''ƣ̌erfűro''' [< ƣ̌e̋ri, wild, uncultivated] | **backwoods - '''ƣ̌erfűro''' [< '''ƣ̌e̋ri''', wild, uncultivated] | ||
**timberland - '''mirna̋a̋lo ''' [< '''mı̋ro''', timber; '''na̋a̋lo''', land] | **timberland - '''mirna̋a̋lo ''' [< '''mı̋ro''', timber; '''na̋a̋lo''', land] | ||
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**frontier - '''m̃uita̋ima''' [< '''m̃űȝa''', border; '''ta̋ima''', region] | **frontier - '''m̃uita̋ima''' [< '''m̃űȝa''', border; '''ta̋ima''', region] | ||
===1.2.1.7 Earthquake=== | ====1.2.1.7 Earthquake==== | ||
*a. What words refer to earthquakes? | *a. What words refer to earthquakes? | ||
**quake, tremor, temblor - '''rı̋ro''' | **quake, tremor, temblor - '''rı̋ro''' | ||
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**erode - '''ȝı̋|ra'''. '''-r̈a''', erosion | **erode - '''ȝı̋|ra'''. '''-r̈a''', erosion | ||
===1.2.2.2 Rock=== | ====1.2.2.2 Rock==== | ||
*a. What general words refer to a rock? | *a. What general words refer to a rock? | ||
**rock, stone - '''ta̋a̋ino''' | **rock, stone - '''ta̋a̋ino''' | ||
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*b. What types of metal are there? | *b. What types of metal are there? | ||
** | **See [[Senjecas mineralogy]] | ||
**steel - '''áumnerṡa̋a̋lo''' | **steel - '''áumnerṡa̋a̋lo''' | ||
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**element - '''þeexe̋so''' | **element - '''þeexe̋so''' | ||
**chemical - '''néres̈a̋a̋r̈i''' | **chemical - '''néres̈a̋a̋r̈i''' | ||
** | **{{Color|red|atom}} - '''alpűl̨o''' [< '''pűla''', divide] | ||
**crystal - '''h̬a̋lo''' | **crystal - '''h̬a̋lo''' | ||
**ore - '''a̋uro''' | **ore - '''a̋uro''' | ||
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*b. What types of jewels are there? | *b. What types of jewels are there? | ||
** | **See [[Senjecas mineralogy]] | ||
*c. What words describe jewels? | *c. What words describe jewels? | ||
| Line 580: | Line 580: | ||
**lustrous - '''nı̋ɫi''' | **lustrous - '''nı̋ɫi''' | ||
==1.2.3 Solid, liquid, gas== | ===1.2.3 Solid, liquid, gas=== | ||
*a. What words describe the states of matter? | *a. What words describe the states of matter? | ||
**solid - '''ṡe̋to''' | **solid - '''ṡe̋to''' | ||
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**foam, suds - '''ȝe̋so''' | **foam, suds - '''ȝe̋so''' | ||
===1.2.3.3 Oil=== | ====1.2.3.3 Oil==== | ||
*a. What general words refer to oil? | *a. What general words refer to oil? | ||
**oil - '''ma̋żo''' | **oil - '''ma̋żo''' | ||
| Line 712: | Line 712: | ||
**vegetable oil - '''leem̈a̋żo''' [< '''le̋e̋mo''', vegetable] | **vegetable oil - '''leem̈a̋żo''' [< '''le̋e̋mo''', vegetable] | ||
**cream - '''ra̋mo''' | **cream - '''ra̋mo''' | ||
**fat - la̋a̋ro | **fat - '''la̋a̋ro''' | ||
**{{Color|red|lard}} - '''parżëla̋a̋ro''' [< '''pa̋rże''', pig] | **{{Color|red|lard}} - '''parżëla̋a̋ro''' [< '''pa̋rże''', pig] | ||
**wax - '''ṡ̬ı̋lo'''. '''vii~''', beeswax | **wax - '''ṡ̬ı̋lo'''. '''vii~''', beeswax | ||
| Line 753: | Line 753: | ||
*b. What types of gas are there? | *b. What types of gas are there? | ||
**natural gas - '''h̬e̋e̋ro sűbo''' | **natural gas - '''h̬e̋e̋ro sűbo''' | ||
** | **See [[Senjecas mineralogy]] for gases that are elements | ||
**ozone - '''kooxsűbo''' [< '''kőőxi''', blue] | **ozone - '''kooxsűbo''' [< '''kőőxi''', blue] | ||
Revision as of 11:07, 9 August 2018
Pronunciation table
| p | b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Note
- Words in red indicate objects or concepts not known in Sefdaania.
1.2. World
- a. What words refer to the planet we live on?
- the world, earth, the Earth - v̌e̋e̋to
- the globe - ge̋lo
- the planet - d̬őőne
- b. What words describe something that belongs to this world
- earthly, terrestrial - v̌e̋e̋ti
- c. What words describe something that affects the whole world?
- world - v̌e̋e̋t/þ- (adj.)
- global - ge̋li
- worldwide, all over the world, round the world - v̌eetős þáfa
- universal - őri
- d. What words are used to talk about the whole world, all the countries, or all the people?
- the whole world, the entire earth – őro v̌e̋e̋to
- e. What words refer to a part of the world?
- hemisphere - felge̋lo
- North Pole - kŭkűðo ðe̋e̋o [< ðe̋e̋o, location]
- South Pole - lŭlűm̃o ðe̋e̋o
- polar - ðe̋e̋m̃i
- polar cap - kŭkűðo ȝe̋go [< ȝe̋go, ice]
- equator - v̌eeþme̋ðo [< me̋ðo, waist]
- tropics - tiiþla̋ta ta̋im̃a [< tı̋ı̋þi, adj. hot; la̋ti, adj. humid; ta̋im̃a, region]
- tropical - tiiþla̋ti
- continent - v̌e̋e̋þne̋mo
- time zone - tenta̋im̃a [< te̋na, time; ta̋im̃a, region]
- f. What words refer to the study of the world?
- geography - v̌e̋e̋þsa̋a̋r̈a
- geographical - v̌e̋e̋þsa̋a̋r̈i
- geographer - v̌ééþsaar̈a̋a̋gu
- geology - taainsa̋a̋r̈a
- geologist - tááinsaar̈a̋a̋gu
1.2.1 Land
- a. What words refer to the land in contrast to the sea?
- (dry) land - (sa̋uso) na̋a̋lo
- mainland - ufna̋a̋lo [< űpi, adj. main]
- continent - v̌eeþne̋mo [< v̌e̋e̋to, earth; ne̋mo, part]
- inland, interior - ȝuna̋a̋lo [< ȝűi, adj. inside]
- b. What is the earth called in distinction to heaven or the sky?
- earth - v̌e̋e̋to
- ground - ta̋le
- c. What words refer to the ground we stand on?
- ground - ta̋le
- d. What general words refer to the type of land in an area?
- topography - ðeega̋no [< ðeeo, location; ga̋na, t.v. describe]
- feature - zı̋no
- landscape - naalűfo [< űfa, t.v. look out on]
- terrain - kolpőno
- e. What words refer to how high the land is?
- altitude - gőxta [< gőxi, adj. high]
- sea level - margőxta [< mare, sea]
- f. What words refer to the surface of the earth?
- surface - pı̋nto
- crust - v̌eeþkőðo [< kőðo, crust]
- lithosphere - taainle̋ƣo [< ta̋a̋ino, stone; le̋ƣo, layer]
1.2.1.1 Mountain
- a. What types of mountains are there?
- mountain, mount - ǧa̋ro
- mountain range - moonı̋ȝo
- hill - ra̋ȝo; rolling hills - nı̋nanto ~s
- volcano - aaþǧa̋ro [< a̋a̋þe, fire]
- moor - pa̋a̋rto
- height - őőnto
- highland – oon̈a̋a̋lo
- upland - raina̋a̋lo
- mound - e̋e̋go
- b. What words refer to a mountain with a flat top?
- butte - lefra̋ȝo
- plateau, oonle̋po
- mesa, serǧa̋ro [< se̋ro, table]
- c. What words describe land that has many mountains?
- mountainous - ǧa̋r̈i
- hilly - ra̋iri
- d. What words refer to the top of a mountain?
- top, summit, peak, pinnacle - ṡı̋mo
- e. What words refer to the side of a mountain?
- face - n̨őőpo
- mountainside - ǧarpe̋go [< pe̋go, side]
- hillside - raipe̋go
- mountain slope - b̨őso
- shoulder - oműro
- foothill(s) - peðra̋ȝo(s) [< pe̋do, foot]
- saddle - xı̋ro
- f. What words refer to a steep place on a mountain?
- cliff, crag, bluff - fa̋a̋ko
- escarpment - piðfa̋a̋ko [< pı̋di, long]
- ridge - ƣoore̋to
- precipice - m̃a̋ngo
- brow - tűbo [< tűbo, edge]
- ledge - ða̋no [< ða̋no, shelf]
- g. What words describe how steep a mountain is?
- steep - m̃a̋ngi
- gentle - re̋nm̃i
- contour - tuvra̋to [< tűbo, edge; ra̋to, line]
- gradient - le̋no
- h. What words refer to the bottom of a mountain?
- foot, bottom - tűűfo
- i. What words refer to rocks at the bottom of a mountain?
- moraine - taaingűmo [< ta̋a̋ino, rock; gűmo, pile]
- talus - b̨óstaaingűmo [< b̨őso, slope]
- j. What words refer to when part of a mountain falls?
- landslide, avalanche - ža̋m̃o
- k. What do people do to mountains?
- climb - re̋na
- cross - da̋a̋pa
- l. What words refer to a place you can travel through the mountains?
- pass - da̋a̋po
- tunnel - tűlo
1.2.1.2 Volcano
- a. What words refer to a volcano?
- volcano - aaþǧa̋ro [< a̋a̋þe, fire]
- b. What are the parts of a volcano?
- cone - őido
- cinder cone - ṡoogőido [< ṡőőgo, ash(es)]
- core of a volcano - mőzgo
- crater - ðűmbo
- lava flow - dáátaainda̋a̋o [< da̋a̋o, flow]
- c. What do volcanoes do?
- erupt, explode - na̋ba
- spew (gas/lava/ash) - m̃e̋ma
- bury (things under lava/ash) - ðőőva
- smoke - műűxa
- d. What do volcanoes produce?
- lava – daata̋a̋ino
- magma - taam̃ta̋a̋ino [< ta̋a̋m̃a, melt]
- volcanic ash - ááþǧarṡőőgo
- cloud of ash - ṡoogne̋vo [< ne̋vo, cloud]
- ash flow - ṡoogda̋a̋o
- pyroclastic flow - aaþǧárṡoogda̋a̋o
- volcanic cinder - aaþǧársenðőro [< senðőro, cinder]
- volcanic glass (obsidian) - ááþǧarve̋do [< ve̋do, glass]
- pumice - ȝesta̋a̋ino [< ȝe̋so, foam]
- e. What words refer to whether a volcano is erupting or not?
- active - kı̋i
- dormant - še̋pi
- extinct - ǧe̋saþi [< ǧe̋sa, extinguish]
1.2.1.3 Plain, plateau
- a. What words refer to land that is flat?
- plain - le̋po
- prairie, heath, grassland, veldt, pampas, campo, moor - pa̋a̋rto
- savanna, llano - tiiþpa̋a̋rto [< tı̋ı̋þi, hot]
- steppe - keba̋ro
- tundra - ȝeƣta̋lo [< ȝe̋go, ice; ta̋lo, earth]
- field, meadow, park - lőuko
- pasture - le̋sm̃o
- mountain pasture - mőro
- lowland(s) - la̋mto
- b. What words describe land that is flat?
- flat, level, even - le̋pi
- c. What words describe a place that is not very flat?
- uneven - al̤e̋pi [< al-, privative prefix]
- depression - ðűmbo
- basin - peelőm̃o
- rut - e̋il|o. -mi, rutted
1.2.1.4 Valley
- a. What types of valleys are there?
- valley, vale, dale, glen, canyon - le̋ðo
- ravine, chasm, gorge, gully, gulch, rift - ka̋m̃to
- wadi - ȝeera̋a̋mo
- b. What words describe valleys?
- narrow - t̨ı̋ȝi
- broad - la̋fi
- deep - ṡa̋li
1.2.1.5 Underground
- a. What words refer to the area under the surface of the earth?
- underground, subsoil - nerta̋lo
- abyss - k̬ara̋mo
- bedrock - taainþe̋e̋xo [< þe̋e̋xo, base]
- core - mőzgo
- mantle - tálṡelı̋ṡo [< ṡelı̋ṡo, mantle]
- stratum - le̋ƣo [< le̋ƣo, layer]
- b. What words refer to natural holes in the ground?
- hole - ȝa̋mo
- sinkhole - taainȝa̋mo
- cave, cavern - fa̋go
- grotto - fa̋ƣko [< -k-, diminutive suffix]
- mouth of a cave - faƣtı̋ro [< tı̋ro, entrance]
- opening - lűro [< lűra, t.v. open]
- crack, crevice, cleft, fissure, gap, rift - fı̋so
- cranny - fı̋sko [< -k-, diminutive suffix]
- crevasse - fı̋sżo [< -ż-, augmentative suffix]
- crater, depression, hollow, cavity, dip - ðűmbo
- channel - tűlo
- chasm, ravine, gorge - ka̋m̃to
- mud hole - te̋þo
- pit - xa̋no
- c. What words refer to man-made holes in the ground?
- conduit, culvert, shaft, tunnel - tűlo
- ditch, trench - ȝa̋a̋mo
- foxhole - soþȝa̋mo [< sőto, war; ȝa̋mo, hole]
- mine - gűűpo
- rut - reþle̋iso [< re̋þo, wheel; le̋iso, track]
- trough - ka̋m̃ko
- well - nűȝo
- d. What words refer to a hole made by an animal?
- burrow - rı̋ƣo
- den, lair - ṡı̋to
- foxhole - puxṡı̋to
- e. What words refer to water under the ground?
- underground river - nértalda̋a̋e [< da̋a̋e, river]
- aquifer - hurle̋ƣo [< hűro, water; le̋ƣo, layer]
1.2.1.6 Forest, grassland, desert
- a. What words refer to the types of plants that grow in an area?
- ecosystem - ǧíírta̋go [< ǧı̋ı̋ra, life; ta̋go, system]
- vegetation - muulı̋ȝo [< műűlo plant; -ı̋ȝo, collective suffix]
- b. What words refer to a forest or group of trees?
- forest, woods, woodland, weald - fűro
- rain forest, jungle - suum̃fűro [< sűűm̃e, rain]
- grove - nemőso
- thicket, brake - bűsko
- taiga - kuðȝa̋ṡo [< kűða, north; ȝa̋ṡo, pine forest]
- orchard - tőőpo
- c. What are the parts of a forest?
- forest canopy - furűngo [< űngo, canopy]
- forest floor - furbe̋ho [< be̋ho, floor]
- underbrush - nerbűsko [< be̋ho, floor]
- undergrowth - nerta̋a̋lo
- edge of the forest - furtűbo
- deep in the forest - furṡa̋li
- backwoods - ƣ̌erfűro [< ƣ̌e̋ri, wild, uncultivated]
- timberland - mirna̋a̋lo [< mı̋ro, timber; na̋a̋lo, land]
- d. What words refer to a place in a forest where there are no trees?
- meadow, clearing - lőuko
- e. What words refer to land covered by grass or bushes?
- heath, grassland, prairie, pampas, campo, veldt, moor - pa̋a̋rto
- savannah, llano - tiiþpa̋a̋rto [< tı̋ı̋þa, v. heat]
- steppe - keba̋ro
- tundra - ȝeƣta̋lo [< ȝe̋go, ice; ta̋lo, ground]
- bush, bushland, brush, scrubland - duusna̋a̋lo [< dűűsi, brush; na̋a̋lo, land]
- f. What words refer to land where many plants grow?
- lush, dense, thick - ɫe̋ni
- overgrown - ƣota̋a̋laþi [< ƣo-, intensive prefix, ta̋a̋la, grow]
- g. What words refer to land where very few plants grow?
- desert, wasteland - m̃a̋a̋sto
- oasis - hurðűmbo [< hűro, water; ðűmbo, depression in the earth]
- h. What words refer to land where no people live?
- wilderness, hinterland, outback - agűlo
- uninhabited - fĭm̃e̋e̋saþi [< fĭ-, privative prefix; m̃e̋e̋sa, live]
- frontier - m̃uita̋ima [< m̃űȝa, border; ta̋ima, region]
1.2.1.7 Earthquake
- a. What words refer to earthquakes?
- quake, tremor, temblor - rı̋ro
- earthquake - talrı̋r|o. -i, seismic
- shock - ƣoþőko [< ƣo-, intensive prefix, þőko, knock, blow]
- upheaval - anvı̋po [< ána, up; vı̋pa, hurl, heave]
- b. What do earthquakes do?
- rock (house/ground) - t̬e̋ȝa
- shake (house/ground) - ðe̋la
- crack (ground) - fı̋sa
- knock down (things) - n̨aþőka
- cause (buildings) to collapse - vire̋ȝa
- (ground) splits - sőxa
- (earth) shifts - ȝűta
- c. Where do earthquakes occur?
- earthquake fault - ȝa̋fo
- fault line - ȝafra̋to [< ra̋to, line]
- epicenter - ufme̋þo [< upa, over; me̋þo, center]
- d. What words refer to a large wave caused by an earthquake?
- tidal wave, tsunami - gaƣkűűmo [< ga̋gu, giant; kűűmo, wave]
1.2.2 Substance, matter
- a. What general words refer to matter?
- substance, matter, material - nere̋so [< nera, under; e̋sa, be]
- stuff - sara̋ko
- b. What words refer to something found naturally that people could use?
- natural resources - šę̋ðo mőődos
- raw materials - h̬e̋e̋ro mőődos
- c. What words refer to the study of matter?
- chemistry - néres̈a̋a̋r̈a
1.2.2.1 Soil, dirt
- a. What words refer to soil?
- soil, dirt, earth, ground - ta̋lo
- topsoil - evta̋lo [< éva, on top of ]
- loam - lőimo
- clay - ðe̋iho
- sand - lı̋m̃o
- b. What words describe the quality of the soil?
- fertile, rich - rőőmi
- infertile, poor - xe̋ni
- c. What words refer to a piece of dirt?
- clod, clump, lump (of clay) - bőlo
- grain of sand - ƣe̋e̋uno
- d. What words refer to dirt mixed with water?
- mud, mire, muck - lı̋|o. -i, muddy, miry
- mud puddle - lite̋þo [< te̋þo, puddle]
- goo, ooze - mőőuro
- e. What does mud do?
- splatter, splash - űṡa
- stick - le̋e̋ȝa
- squish - na̋la
- f. What words refer to dry dirt?
- dust - ðűűm̃o
- g. What does dust do?
- rise - re̋na
- stir up - ka̋ƣa
- settle - þe̋ga
- hang (in the air) - (gaala̋s éna) sı̋da
- fly - pe̋ta
- cling (to clothes) - (őutom) gűxa
- h What words refer to the dirt on the top of the ground with grass in it?
- sod - sı̋ı̋po
- i. What words refer to soil being washed away by rain?
- erode - ȝı̋|ra. -r̈a, erosion
1.2.2.2 Rock
- a. What general words refer to a rock?
- rock, stone - ta̋a̋ino
- bedrock - taainþe̋e̋xo [< þe̋e̋xo, base]
- b. What words refer to the size of a rock?
- boulder - ba̋nda
- crag - fa̋a̋ko
- rock, stone - ta̋a̋ino
- igneous - taam̃ta̋a̋ini [< ta̋a̋m̃a, melt]
- metamorphic - m̃aȝta̋a̋ini [< m̃a̋ȝa, alter]
- pumice - ȝesta̋a̋ino [< ȝe̋so, foam]
- sedimentary - leƣta̋a̋ini [< le̋ƣo, layer]
- shale - lamta̋a̋ino [< la̋mo, plate]
- rocky outcropping - taainsa̋iro [< sa̋iro, projection]
- pebble - że̋is|o. -ı̋ȝo, gravel [< -ı̋ȝo, collective suffix]
- sand, grit - lı̋m̃o
- powder - pődo
- c. What types of rocks are there?
- quartz - t̬a̋rdo
- flint - aaþta̋a̋ino [< a̋a̋þe, fire]
- slate - šı̋bo
- chalk - ṡ̬itőno
- sandstone - lim̃ta̋a̋ino
- d. What words describe rocks?
- hard - ṡe̋ti
- soft - mőővi
- sharp - tı̋ı̋di
- smooth - le̋im̃i
- e. What words describe ground with lots of rocks in it?
- rocky, stony - ta̋a̋inri
- f. What words refer to a piece of rock?
- block - siima̋to
- slab - la̋mo
1.2.2.3 Metal
- a. What general words refer to metal?
- metal - pőn|o. -i, metallic
- b. What types of metal are there?
- See Senjecas mineralogy
- steel - áumnerṡa̋a̋lo
- c. What words describe metal?
- shiny - ðe̋m̃i
- luster - nı̋ɫra
- malleable - þűṡ̨i
- rust - ze̋po
- tarnish - ð̬e̋la
- corrode - ȝı̋ra
- golden - gı̋li
- silvery - kűri
- polished - nı̋ɫaþi
- alloy - ka̋þo
- pure - pőugi
- solid - ṡe̋ti
- plated - la̋maþi
- d. What words refer to a piece of iron that attracts other pieces of iron?
- magnet, lodestone - davta̋a̋in|o. -i, magnetic [< da̋ba, pull]. -še̋ðo, magnetism [< še̋ðo, attribute]
1.2.2.4 Mineral
- a. What general words refer to minerals?
- mineral - pouga̋uro
- mineral resources - pouga̋uro mőődos
- element - þeexe̋so
- chemical - néres̈a̋a̋r̈i
- atom - alpűl̨o [< pűla, divide]
- crystal - h̬a̋lo
- ore - a̋uro
- b. What types of minerals are there?
- calcium - pezpőno [< pe̋zo bone; pőno, metal]
- carbon - x̨űmo
- coal - x̨űmo
- limestone - faaxta̋a̋ino [< fa̋a̋ko, cliff; ta̋a̋ino, stone]
- mica - fista̋a̋ino [< fı̋sa cleave; ta̋a̋ino, stone]
- peat - talx̨űmo [< ta̋lo, earth]
- phosphorus - aasta̋a̋ino [< a̋a̋sa, i.v. glow]
- pitch - pı̋ko
- potash - ṡooƣsa̋lo, potash [< ṡőőgo, ashes; sa̋lo, salt]
- pyrite - niƣta̋a̋ino [< nı̋ga, glitter; ta̋a̋ino, stone]
- salt - sa̋lo
- saltpeter, phosphate - lam̃ta̋a̋ino [< la̋m̃a, bathe; ta̋a̋ino, stone].
- sulfur, brimstone - še̋lpo
- c. What words refer to the study of minerals?
- mineralogy - póugaursa̋a̋r̈a
- mineralogist - pougáursaar̈a̋a̋gu
- d. What words refer to the formation of minerals?
- mineralize - póugaurűla [< űla, turn-, change-, -into]
- calcify - pézponűla
- petrify - taainűla
- vitrify - vedűla
1.2.2.5 Jewel
- a. What general words refer to jewels?
- jewel, gem, gemstone - n̨e̋mo
- precious stone - a̋ro ta̋a̋ino
- birthstone - żenta̋a̋ino
- crystal - h̬a̋lo
- b. What types of jewels are there?
- c. What words describe jewels?
- precious - a̋ri
- semiprecious - żoka̋ri [< żóku, almost]
- facet - le̋e̋po
- glitter, sparkle - nı̋ga (v.)
- lustrous - nı̋ɫi
1.2.3 Solid, liquid, gas
- a. What words describe the states of matter?
- solid - ṡe̋to
- liquid - da̋a̋o
- gas - sűbo
- b. What words describe the states of water?
- ice - ȝe̋go
- water, still - hűro
- water, flowing - a̋a̋me
- steam - műso
- c. What words refer to solids changing into liquids?
- melt, liquefy - ta̋a̋m̃|a. -i, molten
- thaw - þ̨a̋ra
- soften - moovı̋d̨a, mőőva
- dissolve - ðe̋ż|a. -i, soluble
- d. What words refer to liquids changing into solids?
- solidify, precipitate - ṡetűla
- harden, stiffen, set - fuuȝı̋d̨a (t.v.), fűűȝa (i.v.)
- dry - sa̋usa
- bake - vőőga
- freeze - űɫa
- thicken - ȝuuþı̋d̨a (t.v.), ȝűűþa (i.v.)
- gel, jell - bűla
- clot, coagulate, congeal, curdle - mősa
- crystallize - h̬alűla [< űla, turn-, change-, -into]
- e. What words refer to gases changing into liquids?
- condense - pűṡa
- dew - rőso
- distill - te̋e̋ga
- f. What words refer to liquids changing into gases?
- boil - n̨űda
- evaporate, vaporize - ð̬eekı̋d̨a (t.v.), ð̬e̋e̋ka (i.v.)
- steam - musı̋d̨a (t.v.), műsa (i.v.)
- g. What words refer to the temperature at which things change?
- melting point - táám̃tiiþme̋ra [< tı̋ı̋þo, heat; me̋ra, measurement]
- freezing point - úɫtiiþme̋ra
- dew point - róstiiþme̋ra
- boiling point - n̨úðtiiþme̋ra
1.2.3.1 Solid
1.2.3.2 Liquid
- a. What general words refer to liquid?
- liquid, fluid - da̋a̋o
- moisture - la̋to
- b. What words describe something that is liquid?
- liquid (adj.) - da̋a̋i
- molten - ta̋a̋m̃i
- c. What words describe liquids?
- liquid (state) - da̋a̋i
- juicy - sűli
- wet - ma̋a̋ni
- d. What words describe a liquid that is almost solid?
- thick, viscid, viscous - ȝűűþi
- stiff - fűűȝi
- creamy - ra̋mi
- smooth - le̋im̃i
- lumpy - bőlri
- paste - lı̋po
- concentrated - pűṡaþi
- e. What words refer to making a liquid thicker?
- thicken - ȝuuþı̋d̨a
- concentrate - pűṡa
- f. What words refer to becoming thicker?
- thicken - ȝűűþa
- get thicker - ȝŭȝűűþi ı̋la
- set - fűűȝa
- congeal, clot - mősa
- g. What words refer to how thick or thin a liquid is?
- thickness, viscosity - ȝűűþta
- consistency - ȝı̋lra
- h. What words describe a liquid that is very fluid?
- fluid, runny - da̋a̋i
- watery - hűrni
- thin - xe̋ni
- diluted - a̋a̋maþi
- i. What words refer to making a liquid thinner?
- dilute - a̋a̋ma [< a̋a̋me, water]
- j. What words refer to the top of a liquid?
- surface - pı̋nto
- k. What words refer to the thick part that can form on the top of a liquid?
- skin - a̋mo
- scum - ȝe̋so
- crust - kőða
- slime - lı̋ṡo
- l. What words refer to removing the thick part on top?
- skim - ż̨űra
- m. What words describe a liquid with lumps in it?
- smooth - le̋im̃i
- lumpy - bőlri
- n. What words refer to bubbles in or on a liquid?
- bubble - bőőulo
- foam, suds - ȝe̋so
1.2.3.3 Oil
- a. What general words refer to oil?
- oil - ma̋żo
- grease - tı̋m|o. -t̬i, lubricant
- b. What types of oil are there?
- petroleum - taainma̋żo
- petrol, gasoline, gas - feðma̋żo [< fe̋do, energy]
- diesel - šéérfeðma̋żo [< še̋e̋ri, heavy; fe̋do, energy]
- kerosene - xénfeðma̋żo [< xe̋ni, thin; fe̋do, energy]
- crude oil - h̬e̋e̋ro ma̋żo
- mineral oil - pouga̋uro ma̋żo
- ointment - ma̋zt̬i
- liniment, lotion - me̋zt̬i [< me̋za, smear]
- glycerin - šaaðma̋żo [< ša̋a̋di, sweet; ma̋żo, oil]
- c. What types of oil are made from plants and animals?
- vegetable oil - leem̈a̋żo [< le̋e̋mo, vegetable]
- cream - ra̋mo
- fat - la̋a̋ro
- lard - parżëla̋a̋ro [< pa̋rże, pig]
- wax - ṡ̬ı̋lo. vii~, beeswax
- tallow - sı̋ho
- soap - ba̋nt̬i [< ba̋na, wash]
- d. What words describe oil?
- oily - ma̋żi
- greasy - tı̋mi
- slippery, slick - pı̋zi
- slimy - lı̋ṡi
- smooth - le̋im̃i
- lubricating - tı̋manti
- fatty - la̋a̋ri
- gummy - ǧı̋ı̋m̃i
- mucous - ra̋gi
- soapy - ba̋nt̬i
- e. What words refer to some oil on something?
- drop of oil - mazse̋ibo
- oil slick - mazpı̋zo
- blob, glob - bőlo
- f. What words refer to putting oil on something?
- lubricate, lube, grease - tı̋ma
- oil, anoint, salve - ma̋ża
- rub - tı̋ı̋ra
- smear - me̋za
1.2.3.4 Gas
- a. What general words refer to gas?
- gas - sűbo
- vapor, fume - ð̬e̋e̋ko
- mist - ka̋ino
- air - ga̋a̋lo
- steam - műso
- cloud (of gas) - ne̋vo
- plume (of steam) - űṡo
- b. What types of gas are there?
- natural gas - h̬e̋e̋ro sűbo
- See Senjecas mineralogy for gases that are elements
- ozone - kooxsűbo [< kőőxi, blue]
- c. What words describe gas?
- noxious (fumes) - ma̋iþo (ð̬e̋e̋kos)
- poisonous gas - m̃ı̋ı̋so sűbo
- d. What words refer to the production of gas?
- produce gas - sűba
- give off fumes - ð̬e̋e̋ka
- e. What words refer to the movement of gas?
- spread - ża̋a̋da
- drift - ka̋pa
- creep (along the ground) - (ta̋lom tára) se̋la
- vapor trail - ð̬eekő' sa̋a̋go
- rise - re̋na
