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| ==Pronunciation table==
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| {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
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| !p
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| !b
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| !f
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| !v
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| !m̃
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| !m
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| !t
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| !d
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| !þ
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| !ð
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| !ɫ
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| !l
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| !ṡ
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| !ż
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| !s
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| !z
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| !r
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| !n
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| !k
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| !g
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| !x
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| ![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
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| !h
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| ![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
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| !š
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| !s̨
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| !i
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| !e
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| !a
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| ![[Wikipedia:Ogonek#Similar diacritics|őő]]
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| !o
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| !u
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| !ĭ
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| !ĕ
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| !ŭ
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| |-
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| |/p/
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| |/b/
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| |/ɸ/
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| |/β/
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| |/m̥/
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| |/m/
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| |/t/
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| |/d/
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| |/θ/
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| |/ð/
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| |/l̥/
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| |/l/
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| |/ʦ/
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| |/ʣ/
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| |/s/
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| |/z/
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| |/ɾ̥/
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| |/n/
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| |/k/
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| |/g/
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| |/ç/
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| |/ʝ/
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| |/j̊/
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| |/j/
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| |/sʷ/
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| |/sʲ/
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| |/i/
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| |/e/
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| |/ä/
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| |/ɒ/
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| |/o/
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| |/u/
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| |/ɪ/
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| |/ɛ/
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| |/ʊ/
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| |}
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| ==1.2.2 Substance, matter==
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| *a. What general words refer to matter?
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| **substance, matter, material - '''nere̋so''' [< '''nera''', under; '''e̋sa''', be]
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| **stuff - '''sara̋ko'''
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| *b. What words refer to something found naturally that people could use?
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| **natural resources - '''šę̋ðo mőődos'''
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| **raw materials - '''h̬e̋e̋ro mőődos'''
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| *c. What words refer to the study of matter?
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| **chemistry - '''néres̈a̋a̋r̈a'''
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|
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| ===1.2.2.1 Soil, dirt===
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| *a. What words refer to soil?
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| **soil, dirt, earth, ground - '''ta̋lo'''
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| **topsoil - '''evta̋lo''' [< '''éva''', on top of ]
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| **loam - '''lőimo'''
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| **clay - '''ðe̋iho'''
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| **sand - '''lı̋m̃o'''
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| *b. What words describe the quality of the soil?
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| **fertile, rich - '''rőőmi'''
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| **infertile, poor - '''xe̋ni'''
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| *c. What words refer to a piece of dirt?
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| **clod, clump, lump (''of clay'') - '''bőlo'''
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| **grain of sand - '''ƣe̋e̋uno'''
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| *d. What words refer to dirt mixed with water?
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| **mud, mire, muck - '''lı̋o'''
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| **muddy, miry - '''lı̋i'''
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| **mud puddle - '''lite̋þo'''
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| **goo, ooze - '''mőőuro'''
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| *e. What does mud do?
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| **splatter, splash - '''űṡa'''
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| **stick - '''le̋e̋ȝa'''
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| **squish - '''na̋la'''
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| *f. What words refer to dry dirt?
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| **dust - '''ðűűm̃o'''
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| *g. What does dust do?
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| **rise - '''re̋na'''
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| **stir up - '''ka̋ƣa'''
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| **settle - '''þe̋ga'''
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| **hang (in the air) - ('''gąla̋s éna''') '''sı̋da'''
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| **fly - '''pe̋ta'''
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| **cling (to clothes) - ('''őutom''') '''gűxa'''
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| *h What words refer to the dirt on the top of the ground with grass in it?
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| **sod - '''sı̋ı̋po'''
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| *i. What words refer to soil being washed away by rain?
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| **erode - '''ȝı̋ra'''
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| **erosion - '''ȝı̋r̈a'''
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|
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| ===1.2.2.2 Rock===
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| *a. What general words refer to a rock?
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| **rock, stone - '''ta̋a̋ino'''
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| **bedrock - '''taainþe̋e̋xo''' [< '''þe̋e̋xo''', base]
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| *b. What words refer to the size of a rock?
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| **boulder - '''ba̋nda'''
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| **crag - '''fa̋a̋ko'''
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| **rock, stone - '''ta̋a̋ino'''
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| **igneous - '''taam̃ta̋a̋ini''' [< '''ta̋a̋m̃a''', melt]
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| **metamorphic - '''m̃aȝta̋a̋ini''' [< '''m̃a̋ȝa''', alter]
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| **pumice - '''ȝesta̋a̋ino''' [< '''ȝe̋so''']
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| **sedimentary - '''leƣta̋a̋ini''' [< '''le̋ƣo''', layer]
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| **shale - '''lamta̋a̋ino''' [< '''la̋mo''', plate]
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| **rocky outcropping - '''taainsa̋iro''' [< '''sa̋iro''', projection]
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| **pebble - ''' że̋iso'''
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| **gravel - '''żeisı̋ȝo''' [< '''-ı̋ȝo''', ''collective suffix'']
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| **sand, grit - '''lı̋m̃o'''
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| **powder - '''pődo'''
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| *c. What types of rocks are there?
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| **quartz - '''t̬a̋rdo'''
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| **flint - '''aaþta̋a̋ino''' [< '''a̋a̋þe''', fire]
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| **slate - '''šı̋bo'''
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| **chalk - '''ṡ̬itőno'''
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| **sandstone - '''lim̃ta̋a̋ino'''
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| *d. What words describe rocks?
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| **hard - '''ṡe̋ti'''
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| **soft - '''mőővi'''
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| **sharp - '''tı̋ı̋di'''
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| **smooth - '''le̋im̃i'''
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| *e. What words describe ground with lots of rocks in it?
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| **rocky, stony - '''ta̋a̋inri'''
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| *f. What words refer to a piece of rock?
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| **block - '''siima̋to'''
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| **slab - '''la̋mo'''
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|
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| ===1.2.2.3 Metal===
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| *a. What general words refer to metal?
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| **metal - '''pőno'''
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| **metallic - '''pőni'''
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| *b. What types of metal are there?
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| **see [[Senjecas mineralogy]]
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| **steel - '''áumnerṡa̋a̋lo'''
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| * c. What words describe metal?
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| **shiny - '''ðe̋m̃i'''
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| **luster - '''nı̋ɫra'''
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| **malleable - '''þűṡ̨i'''
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| **rust - '''ze̋po'''
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| **tarnish - '''ð̬e̋la'''
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| **corrode - '''ȝı̋ra'''
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| **golden - '''gı̋li'''
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| **silvery - '''kűri'''
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| **polished - '''nı̋ɫaþi'''
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| **alloy - '''ka̋þo'''
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| **pure - '''pőugi'''
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| **solid - '''ṡe̋ti'''
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| **plated - '''la̋maþi'''
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| *d. What words refer to a piece of iron that attracts other pieces of iron?
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| **magnet, lodestone - '''davta̋a̋ino''' [< '''da̋ba''', pull]
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| **magnetic - '''davta̋a̋ini'''
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| **magnetism - '''dávtaainše̋ðo''' [< '''še̋ðo''', attribute]
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|
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| ===1.2.2.4 Mineral===
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| *a. What general words refer to minerals?
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| **mineral - '''pouga̋uro'''
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| **mineral resources - '''pouga̋uro mőődos'''
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| **element - '''þeexe̋so'''
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| **chemical - '''néres̈a̋a̋r̈i'''
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| **atom - '''alpűl̨o''' [< '''pűla''', divide]
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| **crystal - '''h̬a̋lo'''
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| **ore - '''a̋uro'''
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| *b. What types of minerals are there?
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| **calcium - '''pezpőno''' [< '''pe̋zo''' bone; '''pőno''', metal]
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| **carbon - '''x̨űmo'''
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| **coal - '''x̨űmo'''
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| **limestone - '''faaxta̋a̋ino''' [< '''fa̋a̋ko''', cliff; '''ta̋a̋ino''', stone]
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| **mica - '''fista̋a̋ino''' [< '''fı̋sa''' cleave; '''ta̋a̋ino''', stone]
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| **peat - '''talx̧űmo''' [< '''ta̋lo''', earth]
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| **phosphorus - '''aasta̋a̋ino''' [< '''a̋a̋sa''', ''i.v.'' glow]
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| **pitch - '''pı̋ko'''
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| **potash - '''ṡooƣsa̋lo''', potash [< '''ṡőőgo''', ashes; '''sa̋lo''', salt]
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| **pyrite - '''niƣta̋a̋ino''' [< '''nı̋ga''', glitter; '''ta̋a̋ino''', stone]
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| **salt - '''sa̋lo'''
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| **saltpeter, phosphate - '''lam̃ta̋a̋ino''' [< '''la̋m̃a''', bathe; '''ta̋a̋ino''', stone].
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| **sulfur, brimstone - '''še̋lpo'''
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| *c. What words refer to the study of minerals?
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| **mineralogy - '''póugaursa̋a̋r̈a'''
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| **mineralogist - '''pougáursaar̈a̋a̋gu'''
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| *d. What words refer to the formation of minerals?
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| **mineralize - '''póugaurűla''' [< '''űla''', turn-, change-, -into]
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| **calcify - '''pézponűla'''
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| **petrify - '''taainűla'''
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| **vitrify - '''vedűla'''
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|
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| ===1.2.2.5 Jewel===
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| *a. What general words refer to jewels?
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| **jewel, gem, gemstone - '''n̨e̋mo'''
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| **precious stone - '''a̋ro ta̋a̋ino'''
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| **birthstone - '''żenta̋a̋ino'''
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| **crystal - '''h̬a̋lo'''
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| *b. What types of jewels are there?
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| **''v.'' [[Senjecas mineralogy]]
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| *c. What words describe jewels?
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| **precious - '''a̋ri'''
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| **semiprecious - '''żoka̋ri''' [< '''żóku''', almost]
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| **facet - '''le̋e̋po'''
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| **glitter, sparkle - '''nı̋ga'''
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| **lustrous - '''nı̋ɫi'''
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